درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 12 week a selected aerobic exercise program on body composition, lipid profile, and working ability of employees involved overweight and obese. Method: In this semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control group, 65 overweight employees were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to exercise and control groups. Then aerobic exercise program three sessions per week and each session 65-50 minutes, was performed for 12 weeks for the experimental group. The control group did not have such an intervention. Body composition indices, workability index and, lipid profile were measured before and after the training protocol for both groups. Data were analyzed using the covariance test (ANCOVA). Results: The results showed that aerobic exercise significantly reduced body composition indices, including (fat percentage, body mass index, and waist to pelvic ratio) and total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) the exercise group compared with the control group. The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the ability to work index of the exercise group also increased (P <0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that aerobic exercise could improve body composition, lipid profile and workability index, and prevented contracting chronic diseases, reducing their ability to work, and retiring early in overweight and obese employees.

Generally, the music performances on sports activities are manifested and realized through the four mechanisms of reducing the feeling of tiredness, increasing excitement levels, creating harmony, and finally increasing calmness and the sense of comfort. This function becomes very important when considering that the music impact acts as a miracle doping in professional sports. Besides, the lack of enjoyment in sports activities is often mentioned as an obstacle to participation in sports activities. This article discussed, evaluated, and analyzed the research records in three main topics: 1. The benefits of music in sports activities, 2. The conceptual model for showing the different music impact in sports activities, and 3. The underlying mechanisms of music impact on sports. A scoping review of literature in sport and music field was conducted to fulfill the research objectives. Finally, the inference was made by proposing theories such as corresponding and induction of microscopic and macroscopic order along with another direct and secondary music impact. Researches have not been able to uncover all aspects of music magic secrets yet. So, this challenge remains for researchers and athletes on how to maximize the benefits of using music during sport and exercise by focusing on practical applied approaches.

Background: There are relationships between exercise effect on mental health, especially negative emotions such as anxiety and stress. Aim : The aim study was the effect of participation in public sports activities based on the theory of planned behavior on the public health. Methods: This study is a descriptive correlation study with confirmatory factor analysis approach. Data was collected from 288 public sports participants of Tehran Municipality. Three standard questionnaires, including Goldberg General Health (1979) with 28 questions were used for collecting data. Results: Construct Variance extracted was 0.4, composite reliability 0.9 and Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha 0.7. As a result, the convergence validity and reliability of the model were acceptable. Divergent validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity of the model were confirmed by first order and second order confirmatory factor analyses. The positive validity of all subscriptions for latent variables indicated the appropriate quality of the measurement model. In this model, it was found that regular physical activity combined with planned behavior had a direct effect of 53% (correlation 0.729) on general health. Conclusion: According to the structural equation model, it was found that regular physical activity combined with planned behavior has a direct effect of 58% on general health.

Background: The promising results of idiopathic scoliosis for children and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis found in low-quality in review of literature in Iran. Aim : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various types of exercises to improve idiopathic scoliosis in terms of reducing Cobb angle and angle of trunk rotation (ATR) in different ages of children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Searches were conducted in databases including Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar during 2005-2021. Inclusion criteria were papers using only corrective exercises (CE) or CEs with braces as an intervention. The PEDro scale was used for evaluating the quality of papers. Results: Thirteen papers were licensed for review. The papers (PEDro: 4-9) showed the positive effect of the CEs in reducing Cobb angle (eleven papers) and ATR (eight papers) greater than 5° and 3°, respectively. Moreover, two papers (PEDro: 4-7) showed that the physiotherapy scoliosis specific exercises (PSSE) were more effective than the general exercises (GE), while no paper was found to compare one PSSE to another. Two papers (PEDro: 6-9) indicated the greater effectiveness of CEs in childhood than adolescence. Conclusion: The relative evidence suggested the effect of CEs on improving idiopathic scoliosis, especially in children. However, it seems that the use of SEAS and Schroth methods, depending on the individual nature, can be more effective. High-quality papers are necessary to achieve more accurate results in the future.

Background: The traditional approaches to strategic planning in the face of uncertainty of the environment have no inflexibility, and there is no appropriate response to it. Strategic Foresight systems are welcomed by creating a strategy in a highly competitive environment. Aim: The purpose of the study was to explain the effective demographic model of sections quad Iran's sports based on Strategic Foresight to end in 2036. Materials and Methods: The present research is in terms of applied purpose, qualitative nature and implementation path in foresight methods, environmental scanning and survey. The statistical population were faculty members of sports management with associate degrees and higher who were selected by combining sampling. Results: The experts approve the research model with GOF= 0.509. Also, development of academic disciplines in sport for all, land-use planning system in professional sport, per capita family income in championship sport, land-use planning system in educational sport as demographic key drivers were identified. Conclusion: The research model can be effective as a guide in anticipation of the future of sections quad Iran's sports and provided the basis for envisioning the future state and effective decision-making.

Background : People who use Outdoor fitness equipment in parks and gardens do not know how to use these machines and their use may cause them various types of injuries. Aim: Outdoor fitness equipment in parks from the perspective of sports injuries cognition was evaluated for people with hyperlordosis, chronic low back pain, and healthy individuals in two groups with and without a coach and training. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 30 middle-aged women with a mean and standard age deviation (48.96 ± 8.21 years) volunteered to participate in the study and were purposefully divided into two experimental groups (15 people). Controls (n = 15) were divided. There were 10 patients in each group with hyperlordosis and chronic low back pain and 5 healthy people. Pain intensity and lumbar lordosis angle were determined by VAS questionnaire and using a flexible ruler, respectively. The present study was performed for 60 minutes 3 days a week for 12 weeks. Results : After 12 weeks of training with training, a significant decrease in pain level ( P = 0.639, t= 0.481) was observed in the experimental group compared to the control group, but there was a significant difference in lumbar lordosis ( P = -1.246), t= 0.235) users were not observed. Discussion and Conclusion : The results of this study showed that working with Park Sports Equipment with the presence of a coach and proper training reduces back pain in users with chronic low back pain and develops the general health of users of these devices.