مجید اخشابی

Inventing and applying motivational, highly efficient, and engaging strategies for teaching elementary school students is a concern that has always occupied the minds of teachers and experts in this field. Meanwhile, using music as an easy and accessible, low-cost, and popular solution in creating and promoting creativity, self-confidence, motivation, and cognitive skills and students' self-directed learning has been considered an important and effective strategy. To this end, the present research investigated the music and melodic teaching impact on the math learning progress of the third-grade elementary school students in Tehran. The research adopted a quasi-experimental design with the experimental and control group. The statistical population included about 20,000 third-grade students in region 1 of Tehran that were selected as available sampling from two Rastar and Meysam Tamar schools, from which 30 students were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 in each group) as the study sample. Both groups learned the same and the specified concepts. However, the experimental group learned these concepts using music and melodic teaching while the control group learned these concepts using the lecture-based teaching method and the final math scores of the students were used in the analyses. As the instrument, a demographic information questionnaire, the mathematic motivation questionnaire, a progress test and an achievement test were used in this study. The results of covariance analysis showed that teaching math using music and melodic method has a significant positive impact on elementary school students’ math learning (70.8%) and more motivated learning (86%). Therefore, it can be concluded that by using melodic teaching in teaching math concepts can be more effective than traditional teaching methods.

Fine arts can be considered the most precious and original cultural manifestations of nations. Today, the attractiveness and function of these arts in the tourism industry are considered an obvious matter. It is estimated that the cultural tourism market size is about 40% of the total international tourist arrivals. It is expected to grow more in the following years. Cultural tourism during its development has found several sub-branches, among which music tourism is very important. In this practical-developmental study, the coordinates and capacities of Iranian music were investigated and explained from the viewpoint of music tourism using a descriptive-analytical method to recognize and introduce the valuable features and capabilities of Iranian music from other well-known kinds of music in the world. According to the findings, ten titles were introduced as coordinates of Iranian music in music tourism, various traditional Iranian musical instruments and forms, the variety of regional music, the variety and plurality of Iranian musical instruments, the Iranian vocal forms, and their connection with Iranian poetry and literature, mystical dimensions of Iranian music, improvisation, the variety of Iranian dances related to types of music, music therapy music traditional ceremonies, ability to combine Iranian music with other types of music and traditional instruments. Obviously, the results of this research can be useful for researchers and activists, as well as the country’s future policies in the field of tourism, to pay attention, emphasize, and invest as much as possible in the capabilities of such a unique national heritage.

Generally, the music performances on sports activities are manifested and realized through the four mechanisms of reducing the feeling of tiredness, increasing excitement levels, creating harmony, and finally increasing calmness and the sense of comfort. This function becomes very important when considering that the music impact acts as a miracle doping in professional sports. Besides, the lack of enjoyment in sports activities is often mentioned as an obstacle to participation in sports activities. This article discussed, evaluated, and analyzed the research records in three main topics: 1. The benefits of music in sports activities, 2. The conceptual model for showing the different music impact in sports activities, and 3. The underlying mechanisms of music impact on sports. A scoping review of literature in sport and music field was conducted to fulfill the research objectives. Finally, the inference was made by proposing theories such as corresponding and induction of microscopic and macroscopic order along with another direct and secondary music impact. Researches have not been able to uncover all aspects of music magic secrets yet. So, this challenge remains for researchers and athletes on how to maximize the benefits of using music during sport and exercise by focusing on practical applied approaches.