درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: In many countries, type 2 diabetes has emerged as a chronic non-communicable disease. Type 2 diabetes is usually associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors. The role of physical activity has been proven as a useful intervention in the prevention, management and treatment of type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to study the effect of 12 weeks of combined training (resistance + aerobic) on serum levels of some cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: In this study, 22 individuals with type 2 diabetes, aged 30 to 60 years, participated. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of two combined training and control groups, 11 in number. The training program assigned to each group was carried out for 12 weeks and three sessions per week. To investigate the dependent variables, blood samples were taken from all subjects one day before and 48 hours after the last training session. Data analysis was performed using paired t-tests and independent t-tests (P<0.50). Results: After 12 weeks of participation in sports activities, the mean total cholesterol (p=0.001), low-density lipoprotein (p=0.001), triglyceride (p=0.011), and body mass index (p=0.01) in the combined training group (resistance + aerobic) significantly decreased, and high-density lipoprotein levels (p=0.036) in this group significantly increased after training interventions. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that combined training improves the body's lipid profile by significantly reducing the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and body mass index. Therefore, combined exercises are recommended as an effective intervention in reducing cardiovascular risk factors in type two diabetic patients.

Objective: Menopause is a sensitive and challenging period for women, which leads to various problems such as osteoporosis and back pain. However, its effect on bone mineral density is still debatable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine The relationship between some serum osteoporosis markers and body mass index with lumbar bone mineral density in active and inactive postmenopausal women. Methods: The number of subjects was 41 active postmenopausal women and 45 inactive postmenopausal women aged 46 to 87 years. Serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphorus indices and anthropometric characteristics of the subjects were examined. Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to analyze the research data. SPSS version 26 software was used to analyze the data. Results: We observed a statistically significant correlation between serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphate with lumbar bone mineral density in the group of active postmenopausal women, and between body mass index, weight, and age with lumbar bone mineral density in both active and inactive postmenopausal women (p ≥ 0.05). While no significant correlation was found between other indices. Conclusion: Active postmenopausal women, by taking advantage of sports activity, in addition to having better health indicators, have provided the necessary stimulus for some hormonal mechanisms, mineral absorption, and calcium-phosphorus balance in order to reduce bone resorption.