درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Beautiful patience is one of the moral concepts in the culture and teachings of the Qur'an. This concept indicates a degree and level of self-control. Much has been said about the patience of Ya’qub, who twice reminded himself of the beautiful patience and seeking it. The question is what is beautiful patience He is asking for it? Is beautiful patience not an expression of perseverance and endurance of hardships, specially at the level of the prophets? In response to questions and critiques of commentators, there are two opposing theories: one says that his work was not against beautiful patience and the other says that we must accept that Prophet Ya’qub’s reaction, in parting with his lost child, was accompanied by manifestations of impatience that do not correspond to beautiful patience. The pattern of "Beautiful Patience" in the Qur'an should be sought in the prophets’ tolerance such as Abraham, Ayyūb and the last Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Therefore, the report of his patience in the Qur'an is not a confirmation of this method of patience and a model of a perfect patience. For in the explicit expression of the Qur'an, the believers have been invited to the manner of patience and the behavior of the ʿUlu al-ʿAzm prophets. So, is the patience of Prophet Ya'qub (PBUH) may be evaluated in this regard? How is the expression of such manner? This article, after explaining the meaning of patience in the words and sayings of the commentators, narrators, opinions and evidences, explains these two statements by interpreting the verses of Surah Yusuf and expressing subtle points. It then deals with judging and criticizing the second opinion and what can be learned from this story. 

One of the important principles when studying religious texts, and especially interpreting sacred texts, is to pay attention to the historical debates on whether or not the sacred text has been distorted in the course of history. In other words, to what extent are these texts valid? Shiite and Sunni scholars have raised the issue of the Qur'an's immunity from distortion and falsification in their interpretations, which is in opposite to the view of Western scholars on the issue of distortion in the Testaments. Based on a qualitative method with a content analytical approach, this research examined the reasons for the distortion or non-distortion of the Holy Qur’an and the Testaments, in line with an investigation into the issue of distortion and its dimensions. Findings show that the distortion of the Qur’an may be considered only in terms of meanings while it is completely different in the Testaments. In fact, the problem of making Testaments by humans and the historic disappearance of the Torah and the divine Bible prove that we should speak of their falsification, not distortion.