درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: This study aims at developing an environmental curriculum model based on self-management in the high school in a qualitative study. Methodology: This is an applied study in terms of purpose and a qualitative study in terms of implementation method. The research community included environmental curriculum experts in Iran based on self-management in 2021. The research sample was estimated to include 15 subjects according to the theoretical saturation principle. They were selected by purposive sampling method based on the inclusion criteria. Indexing and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. Finally, the data were analyzed by content analysis method. Findings: The results showed that, in terms of objectives, the self-management-based environmental curriculum in the high school included the themes of organizing critical thinking skills development, constructive thinking promotion, behavioral strategies, improving environmental knowledge and cognition, environmental culture promotion, internalization of environmental value, and natural reward strategies. Also, in terms of contents, it included themes of organizing integrated content, applied content, development of thinking skills, alignment with humanities and ethics, comprehensiveness of content, development of managerial skills and integrated content. In addition, in terms of teaching and learning strategies, the themes included being organizational and practicality, interactivity, and being exploratory. The themes of the evaluation element included rational organization, situation-based evaluation, evidence-based evaluation, and evaluation feedback. Finally, based on the organizational and basic themes in the area of objectives, content, teaching and learning strategies and evaluation, a self-management-based environmental curriculum model was designed for the high school. Conclusion: According to the results, experts and planners can improve the self-management-based environmental curriculum.

Purpose: the aim of the present research was to present an aggression prediction model in teenagers based on family cohesion and communication patterns with the mediating role of resilience. Methodology : this cross-sectional study was of correlation type. The research population consisted of second grade high school students of Tehran city in academic year 2019-2020. The research sample consisted of 500 individuals chosen through multistage cluster sampling method. They responded to the following instruments: Novaco Anger Scale and Provocation (Novaco, 1986), communication patterns (Ritchie and Fitz Patrick, 1990), family cohesion (Olson et al., 1985), and resilience (Connor and Davidson, 2003). The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equations modeling in SPSS and AMOS 22. Findings : the results showed that the aggression prediction model in teenagers based on family cohesion and communication patterns with the mediating role of resilience had good fit. Further, conformity-oriented communication pattern did not have a direct significant effect on resilience and aggression in teenagers and indirect significant effect with the mediating role of resilience on aggression in them (P>0.05). However, the conversation-oriented communication pattern and family cohesion had a direct significant effect on resilience and aggression in teenagers as well as indirect significant effect with the mediating role of resilience on aggression in them (P<0.05). Conclusion : according to the obtained results, for reducing aggression in teenagers, the extent of conversation communication pattern and family cohesion can be promoted in them through organizing educational workshops.

Purpose: Because of the important role schools play in the lives of children and in responding to post-crisis problems, and given the recent earthquake in Kermanshah province, the current study aimed to identify the indicators of an efficient school. Methodology: Using a qualitative method, this study was performed in classic Delphi and phenomenological phases on a research population comprising all workers and experts in the field of education in Sarpol-e Zahab city, Iran, who had worked from 2017 to 2019 in the city. In the first (phenomenological) phase, 15 city employees in the field of education were chosen using purposive sampling. In the second phase of the study, the sample comprised 11 people of Sarpol-e Zahab who were deemed education experts by education employees in the region, had worked in the city from 2017 to 2019, and had witnessed the earthquake. Findings: After documenting the interviews conducted with the participants, 290 codes were conceptualized and then categorized into four general indices (students; school teachers and staff; school facilities, structure, and environment; and family). Based on the codes extracted from phase one, an 82-item questionnaire was designed for the second research phase (Delphi study). Ultimately, after three rounds of responses, 23 questions were removed, and the expert panel agreed on 59 questions. Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be concluded that an efficient school is one that can consider the four dimensions of students school teachers and staff, school facilities and structure, and environment and family in designing the school.

Purpose: This study was carried out with the aim of strategic tourism planning in Semnan with emphasis on MICE tourism using Meta SWOT and SOAR techniques. Methodology: The descriptive-analytical method is used in order to conduct this research. The statistical population of the study is divided into three parts. The first part were local residents of Semnan, the second part includes tourists who have considered Semnan as a tourist destination from 2019 to 2020, and third part includes academic elites, managers, staff of tourism part working in different management levels of province. Three-hundred seventy people (three parts) were determined as the statistical sample size using Cochran formula. The method of data collection and analysis of required information is documentary and survey. Meta SWOT and SOAR analytical techniques have been used to formulate the development strategy and explain the goals, resources, capabilities and macro-environmental factors. Findings: According to the obtained results, the most important factors in line with strategic tourism planning in Semnan are government policies, non-responsiveness of infrastructure, increased natural dangers and inflation and economic recession at the macro level. Conclusion: Meta SWOT model is implemented in a program consisting of title window and seven interconnected windows. This tool enables unlimited reviews of inputs, because decision makers change their assessment during a planning activity.