درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Emerging adulthood (EA) theory has been proposed as a distinct developmental period between adolescence and adulthood by Arnett in 2000. This construct is promptly embraced by contemporary scholars, and research on emerging adulthood increased over the past decade in many countries, but yet questions remained about the universality of emerging adulthood. This article is extracted from a pioneer research on emerging adulthood theory in Iran. The purpose of this study was to investigate applicability of the theory and its five characteristics in Iranian society. Methodology: Participants included six hundred ninety four undergraduate students, aged 18 to 25. The Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA) was used. Findings: Results showed that a majority of Iranian university students viewed themselves as being emerging adults. The five characteristics of emerging adulthood predominantly endorsed by Participants. Some gender and age differences were observed in endorsement of emerging adulthood characteristics. Discussion: These findings support existence of the new life stage in Iran. As a result, the applicability of the theory and its dimensions confirmed in this community.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was Analysis of the Internationalization of Iran's Higher Education Curriculum; requirements & obstacles. Methodology: This research was applied in terms of the purpose and, in terms of the type of data collected, is quantitative. Also a descriptive survey type was used based on the data collection method. The statistical population of this research includes all faculty members of comprehensive universities of Tehran which was 4429 people. The sample was 384 people based on Cochran formula and selected by simple random sampling method. The main tool used for measuring and collecting data.in this research is a researcher-made questionnaire. To create the questionnaire, the components were extracted from the literature review and theoretical foundations and the researches carried out in the field. Then, after the modification, they were classified and arranged in a form. Finally, in the first section, in order to identify the current status of the university in terms of internationalization of the curriculum of higher education with 29 items and in the second section, to identify the obstacles to the internationalization of higher education curriculum with 8 grades on a 5-point Likert scale Low, very low, moderate, high, very high), was developed and answered to the professor. In this research, we used SPSS software and Cronbach's alpha test to obtain the reliability of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha for the questionnaire, "Identifying the barriers to internationalization of higher education curriculum" was equal to 0/74 and for the questionnaire "Reviewing the current status of curriculum internationalization" was calculated to be 0/76.Due to the fact that reliability is generally more than 0 70, the researcher-made questionnaire has a relatively high reliability. Findings: The Result showed that the “Lack of motivational and incentive factors for professors” with 6/909 T test and with 0/000 Significant was the most important obstacles that this research was Identified and the “Lack of financial support from professors in traveling abroad in line with international research” with 6/718 T test and with 0/000 Significant was second obstacles are Identified. Conclusion: The present status of internationalization of curriculum at the comprehensive universities of Tehran has been studied. Then the barriers were identified and finally solutions were presented. In the following, a comparison between the comprehensive universities of Tehran in relation to the internationalization of the curriculum was carried out and, finally, a comparison was made between the different faculties.

Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of "developing a model of job competencies for managers of Bank Saderat". Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of method and has an inductive approach. The participants of the present study were branch managers and banking experts in Tehran. Since in this study, the aim was to present the competency model of Bank Saderat managers, therefore, purposive sampling method was used. The focus has been on people with more experience in the banking industry. At the beginning, criteria for purposeful selection of experts and managers were considered. Based on these criteria, a list of these experts and managers was prepared to make the necessary arrangements for scheduling and conducting the interview. Therefore, the population of this study was the employees and experts of the bank; Sampling was performed by purposive method and the researcher reached the level of theoretical saturation with 15 people. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. In order to analyze the data, the content analysis method was used. Findings: The research findings showed that after analyzing the data obtained from the interviews and all the basic and organizing topics, 5 comprehensive topics are: - Interpersonal competencies 2- Individual ethics 3- Professional ethics 4- Managerial competencies 5- Competencies Professional; The main components of job competencies of Bank Saderat managers were identified. Conclusion: Considering the compilation of the competency model using the extracted components, it is recommended that standards and criteria based on these components be formulated and designed for hiring managers, and considering that the training and updating of managers is one of the components obtained in This research is recommended that the training of competency programs to managers as well as employees of a complex should be put on the agenda. It is appropriate for managers to help improve organizational behaviors by investing in professional ethics on the people of the organization, and in this way, in addition to benefiting from people with high human capital, they can also benefit from the advantage of expanding the effectiveness of their organization.

Purpose: An important facet in learning a language is expanding reading comprehension capability. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of implementation bias tasks through cooperative learning and gender on the reading comprehension process of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. Methodology: Two groups of 30 learners took part as a control group and an experimental group. Primarily the participants took The Preliminary English Test (PET) as a reading comprehension pretest. Then the experimental group instructed through the precepts of bias tasks in cooperative learning. However, the control group instructed through traditional instruction. Finally, the participants took the reading comprehension post-test. Findings: The result of two-way ANCOVA revealed that bias tasks through cooperative learning improved EFL learners' reading comprehension skills. Conclusion: Also, findings demonstrated that the means reading scores did not differ noticeably between male and female groups on both pretest and posttest. This task in cooperative learning can be utilized either in the classroom or in instructors' training.