فیلترهای جستجو:
فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۱ تا ۲۰ مورد از کل ۱۱٬۱۳۸ مورد.
حوزههای تخصصی:
This study aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the research landscape on Teacher Well-Being by integrating bibliometric and qualitative content analyses. Drawing on 1,256 peer-reviewed articles indexed in the Web of Science database between 1995 and 2025, the study first employs bibliometric techniques using R and VOSviewer to map trends, collaborations, and thematic tracks. Subsequently, a content analysis was conducted on a selected subset of 107 high-impact articles to categorize research purposes and contextual characteristics. Findings reveal strong thematic topics around resilience, burnout, job satisfaction, emotion regulation, positive psychology, equity, self-efficacy, reflective practice, and self-reflection. Both analyses highlight critical gaps in theoretical integration, methodological rigor, and international collaboration. While the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom dominate in output and citations, emerging hubs such as China exhibit increasing engagement but limited global connectivity. The study underscores the need for longitudinal designs, culturally responsive research, and comparative international studies to advance the field. This research helps create a clearer, more inclusive and policy-relevant understanding of teacher well-being by emphasizing its systemic and relational aspects.
A Comparative Study on the Archetypal Journey of Self-Realization in Paulo Coelho's The Alchemist and Elif Shafak's The Forty Rules of Love(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
This comparative study deals with the archetypal journey of self-realization as represented in Paulo Coelho's The Alchemist and Elif Shafak's The Forty Rules of Love. Both novels feature protagonists who starts a spiritual journey to realize their true selves and fulfill their fates. The study also discovers how the writers use different literary techniques to transmit the archetypal journey of self-realization. For example, Coelho deploys the theme of the personal legend which stands for a person's unique ideal which serves as a guiding force for Santiago throughout his journey. On the other hand, Shafak benefits from the Sufi concept of the dervish, which represents a person going after spiritual enlightenment through separation from material possessions. Indeed, it focuses on the protagonists' self-realization journeys to discover the archetypal motifs, symbols, and narrative structures. These selected novels share thematic points embedded in mysticism, spirituality, and personal growth. From these perspectives, the purpose of this article is to provide a general understanding of how these contemporary works contribute to the wider discourse on self-discovery within the context of the protagonists’ archetypal journey.
Au-delà des brouillons: Exploiter la puissance de la réécriture pour maîtriser l’argumentation écrite(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Partant d’un diagnostic des difficultés linguistiques des élèves, une démarche didactique de la réécriture accompagnée a été adoptée et développée dans une séquence didactique centrée sur le type argumentatif. L’analyse qualitative des données montre que les élèves du groupe d’intervention ont nettement progressé par rapport au groupe contrôle. Les écrits de ces derniers font apparaître un net progrès dans l’écriture d’un texte et ses procédures. Une analyse quantitative et statistique, réalisée à l’aide du logiciel SPSS, vient par la suite confirmer les résultats de l’analyse qualitative. Les résultats soulignent l’importance de l’enseignement des procédures rédactionnelles et de la distanciation par rapport à l’écrit. Ces éléments, et d’autres, nous ont offert des pistes didactiques intéressantes qui peuvent constituer des hypothèses de recherche pour des études ultérieures.
Transfer of Learning in a Multimodal, Collaborative ESAP Writing Program: Assessing Engineering Graduates’ Perceptions via the LTSI(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Transfer of learning from English course to other contexts is one of the most fundamental objectives of English for Special Academic Purposes (ESAP) instruction. Providing opportunities to transfer the acquired knowledge from the ESAP writing course to writing tasks of specialized disciplines as well as analyzing students’ perceptions of transfer catalysts and barriers might suggest a foundation for future educational planning. This study examines how engineering graduate students who participated in an ESAP course assessed the four constructs of learning transfer inventory that might facilitate or inhibit the transfer of learning in discipline-specific academic writing programs. Sixty engineering graduate students participated in this study. During the ESAP course, collaboratively designed discipline-specific writing tasks were presented and practiced through multimodal input. The variation in participants’ writing skills throughout the semester was recorded and analyzed. The catalysts and the barriers to the learning transfer act were identified by administering the Learning Transfer System Inventory (LTSI). The participants’ evaluations of the treatment they had received was assessed through a focus group interview. Results indicated that the students could obtain significant levels of academic writing skills and finally transfer their acquired instruction to authentic discipline practices. Furthermore, data analysis of the LTSI demonstrated that transfer of writing outcomes will be increased if more consideration of work-related factors is considered in higher education. All participants reported personal capacity as the main impediment induced by the work-related construct. Students’ positive attitudes toward three ability factors and all motivational factors suggested that an auspicious foundation for future educational planning exists if disciplinary and institutional considerations are embraced.
Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility in Iran: State of the Art(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
The increasing ubiquity and impact of audiovisual content has turned it into one of the primary objects of study in a number of disciplines in humanities, including Translation Studies. In the recent decade, audiovisual translation (AVT) has been a thriving research focus in many parts of the world. This article aims at mapping AVT in the context of Iran by reviewing the published Persian AVT research worldwide. The article is organized into two parts: the first part provides an overview of the main research articles, delineating the main research trends in AVT research in Iran. The second part presents and discusses research gaps and areas that merit further scholarly attention by academia. The article concludes that research on the topic in Iran is still in a fairly early stage, with the studies focusing mainly on the dubbing and subtitling of audiovisual products. Particularly, accessibility research in the context of (non-)interactive audiovisual products is yet to attract focused attention. Certain areas are highlighted and recommended for future research
The Construct Validity and Measurement Invariance of the Teacher Emotion Questionnaire for Assessing EFL Teachers’ Emotions in the Classroom(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
his study investigated the construct validity and measurement invariance of the Teacher Emotion Questionnaire to introduce a valid and reliable instrument for assessing English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) teachers’ emotions inside the classroom. Second language (L2) teacher emotions have been largely neglected, despite the fact that Educational Psychology has long recognized and researched the role of teacher emotions in different aspects of teaching and learning. To bridge this gap, the current study had 208 Iranian EFL teachers in private language institutes fill out the Teacher Emotion Questionnaire (TEQ), which assessed six emotions teachers experience in their classroom, i.e., Joy, Pride, Love, Anger, Fatigue/Exhaustion, and Hopelessness. The preliminary analysis of the data showed that six items from the TEQ had a factor loading below the minimum recommended level of 0.3, meaning that they contributed to the total variance in the participants’ score less than expected. The collected data were then submitted to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the purpose of construct validation and establishment of the factorial structure of the TEQ. The CFA results indicated that the hypothesized six-factor analysis had more favorable goodness-of-fit indices than both a one-factor structure and a two-factor structure (e.g., positive versus negative emotions). Multilevel CFA revealed that the tested six-factor structure of the TEQ was invariant across male and female EFL teachers. The implications for the use of TEQ in EFL teaching contexts are discussed, and some suggestions are proposed for further validation of the TEQ in language teaching contexts.
The Impact of Concept Mapping on Summarizing Short Stories for EFL Learners(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Language learners find it hard to change a text’s wording and present it differently while maintaining the original meaning in the text. This research, therefore, examined the effect of concept mapping instruction on summarizing short stories for EFL learners. Two intact grade-eight classes were assigned to experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 18) groups randomly. They summarized a starter-level short story, Drive into danger, using a maximum of 450 words as a pretest. Next, the experimental group experienced concept-mapping instruction, whereas the latter group received the traditional way of teaching summarization, for six consecutive weeks. Both groups summarized the same story again, based on their instruction, into a 450-word text at a maximum as a posttest. Pretest and posttest summaries were assessed in terms of content, organization, vocabulary, and language use. The experimental group positively improved on overall performance, content, and organization, marginally improved on vocabulary, but did not improve on language use. Furthermore, the participants’ feedback on the instructional treatment supports the statistical results. The findings offer several instructional implications.
Multi-level Contextual Factors and L2 Writing Teachers' Assessment Conception and Practices in Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
riting assessment literacy (WAL) for second or foreign language (L2) teachers, which refers to teachers’ knowledge, conceptions, and practice of writing assessment in L2 contexts, has lately received attention from scholars. Although there has been significant debate about the impact of contextual and conceptual factors on teachers’ assessment literacy, studies focusing on how such factors influence teachers’ WAL are lacking. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the way Iranian English writing teachers' conception of assessment, and macro, meso, and micro contextual variables, impact their writing assessment practice. It also looked at how writing teachers make assessment decisions in order to negotiate and find a compromise when their assessment views and beliefs diverge from the assessment policies in their local contexts. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with ten in-service L2 writing teachers in Iran. The findings show that participants had positive conceptions about formative writing assessments, but they stated that they mostly used summative assessments in writing classes. Macro-level contextual factors turned out to mostly impact teachers’ writing assessment practices and conceptions. The results underscored the role of school and work experience in shaping and changing writing assessment conceptions. The findings of this study contribute to our current understanding of WAL development and the provision of more efficient assessment training for language teachers in teacher education programs.
Willingness to Communicate, Active/Passive Motivation, and Foreign Language Learning(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
As a trigger to communication, motivation still includes undiscovered aspects which require further investigation. Hence, considering the newly proposed dual continuum model of motivation, this study investigated the relationships among willingness to communicate (WTC), active/passive motivation, and foreign language achievement (FLA) among 216 high school English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. The modified version of the active/passive motivation scale (APMS) was revalidated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed significant relationships among active/passive motivation, L2WTC, and FLA. Additionally, six models were proposed for the prediction of learners’ L2WTC and FLA. The findings indicated that socio-cultural and sensory-perceptual active motivation as well as cognitive and sensory-perceptual passive motivation significantly predict learners’ L2WTC, while only cognitive active motivation predicts FLA. Furthermore, passive motivation predicts FLA in all sub-constructs. Finally, active motivation is a negative predictor of FLA if mediated by L2WTC. Overall, the study highlights the importance of passive as well as active motivation in promoting WTC and improving FLA among EFL learners.
Amplifying Achievement: How Self-Efficacy Shapes Music Students' Success in English Medium Instruction (EMI)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
English Medium Instruction (EMI) is increasingly adopted in higher education worldwide, yet its application in music education within non-English-speaking contexts remains underexplored. The application of EMI plays a crucial role in improving learners' English skills and subject matter, which can also affect learners' achievement. The most important predictor of learners' performance and success is self-efficacy, which is also a relevant concept in the area of music performance. This Review investigates the role of self-efficacy in shaping music students' academic achievement in EMI settings, where language and performance intersect. The study aims to identify how learners' self-efficacy in their musical and linguistic abilities influences their success and motivation. It contributes to EMI literature by highlighting self-efficacy as a mediating factor between language proficiency and academic performance in music education. The findings offer practical implications for curriculum design, instructional strategies, and learner support. Specifically, the study emphasizes the need to integrate self-efficacy-building practices—such as performance feedback, peer collaboration, and goal-setting—into EMI-based music instruction to enhance both linguistic and artistic development.
Amélioration de la communication orale des apprenants de langues étrangères en Iran: rôle de l’intelligence artificielle dans la création d’interactions vérisimilitudinaires et l’adaptation culturelle(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Cet article examine le rôle de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) dans l’amélioration de la compétence orale chez les apprenants de français langue étrangère (FLE) en Iran. Il s’interroge sur la manière dont l’IA peut contribuer, de manière efficace et contextualisée, au développement de cette compétence dans un environnement culturellement spécifique.
L’étude repose sur une enquête menée auprès de 20 apprenants de FLE en Iran. La collecte de données s’est effectuée à travers un questionnaire ciblant leurs compétences orales, leur expérience d’usage de l’IA et leur perception de l’adéquation culturelle des contenus générés. L’analyse des données mobilise une approche mixte (quantitative via SPSS et qualitative) et un cadre théorique pluridisciplinaire.
Ce cadre s’appuie sur la théorie de la compétence communicative de Dell Hymes, la théorie de l’adaptation culturelle de Kim et Hall, les approches discursives-pragmatiques de John Searle et surtout sur la théorie du carré tensif de Fontanille.
Les résultats indiquent que l’IA permet d’améliorer la prononciation et la fluidité, encourage l’usage des expressions idiomatiques françaises et développe la souplesse linguistique. Par la création d’environnements vérisimilitudinaires (contextes d’interaction réalistes et culturellement cohérents) et des retours personnalisés en temps réel, l’IA favorise un apprentissage actif et individualisé. Toutefois, certaines limites subsistent : la difficulté à reproduire les dimensions émotionnelles, gestuelles et implicites des interactions humaines, ainsi qu’à intégrer la diversité dialectale régionale.
Iranian EFL Teachers’ Professional Development, Psychological Well-being and Reflection: A Mixed-methods Design(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Although reflective teaching and well-being have been promoted as a means to promote teaching quality, there is little empirical evidence to illustrate their impact on enhancing professional development. To fill this existing gap, this study adopts a mixed-methods approach to examine the contribution of reflection and psychological well-being as predictors of professional development. In so doing, 350 English language teachers participated in a survey and follow-up interviews. The correlational analysis confirmed the positive relationship among these three constructs, and a structural equation modelling indicated that both reflection and well-being significantly predicted professional development; however, well-being was a stronger predictor compared to reflection. The qualitative analysis of data revealed four main themes contributing to professional development among teachers. The pedagogical implications are also elaborated and discussed.
Manipulation of Taboo Language in Four American Novels Translated into Persian(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
ranslated literature almost always involves a degree of manipulation of the source text for a certain purpose. Such manipulations are imposed by the ‘patrons’ who try to regulate the relationship between the literary system and the other systems a society is composed of. Working on this fundamental broadly-acknowledged assumption about translation, the present study aimed at identifying the concepts that are often manipulated in translated literature published in contemporary Iran. It also attempted to spot the manipulative strategies imposed on translations and the counter-manipulative strategies adopted by translators to sidestep those manipulations. Drawing on the findings of the so-called ‘Manipulation School’ and Dukāte’s typology of manipulation strategies, it conducted a comparative analysis of the source texts and translated versions of four American novels recently published in Iran. The codification of the data revealed the frowned upon taboo concepts to be descriptions of, or references to, sexual activity, physical contact between the sexes, human body, extramarital relationships, swear words, prostitution, nudity, homoeroticism, alcoholic drinks, and dancing. The most frequent manipulation strategies were 1) deletion of the taboo concepts, 2) substitution of the concepts with totally different concepts, and 3) attenuation of the forbidden words, that is to say, expressing them in a more polite, softer language. Although the manipulation mechanism is most effectively in place, the translators seemed to have occasionally applied creative strategies to evade the imposed manipulations. Such counter-manipulative strategies were classified as legitimization, archaism, use of less familiar words, degenderalization, denunciation, and borrowing in this study.
تأثیر ساخت اطلاعی، نقش دستوری، ساخت نحوی بر پسایندسازی در زبان کردی سورانی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
هدفی که در این پژوهش پیکره محور دنبال می شود بررسی تأثیر ساخت اطلاعی، نقش دستوری، ساخت نحوی، نوع فعل، وزن دستوری و معرفگی بر فرایند پسایندسازی در زبان کردی گفتاری سورانی لهجه جافی است. ازآنجا که زبان کردی از خانواده زبان های ایرانی است، همانند زبان فارسی، زبانی فعل پایان است. جمله های فعل پایان در زبان کردی جمله های بی نشان به شمار می روند؛ اما در زبان گفتاری تمایل بیشتری به تولید جمله های نشان دار و پسایندسازی برخی از سازه ها مشاهده می شود. در این پژوهش باتکیه بر پیکره گفتاری زبان کردی برگرفته از مجموعه قصه های فولکلور (احمدی، 1399) و تحلیلی داده بنیاد، عامل های مؤثر و شناخته شده پژوهشگران دیگر بر فرایند پسایندسازی در زبان کردی را بررسی کردیم و نشان دادیم که در این زبان سازه هایی با ساخت نحوی گروه حرف اضافه ای در نقش نحوی مفعول غیرمستقیم و قید مکان با ساخت اطلاعی نو در زبان گفتاری در جایگاه پس از فعل قرار می گیرند و پسایند می شوند. درباره سازه مسند نیز نوع فعل ربطی از عوامل مؤثر بر پسایندشدگی این سازه است. سازه های مفعول مستقیم، فاعل، قید مقدار و قید کیفیت به جز در مواردی محدود که می توان آن ها را نادیده گرفت، از این اصل پیروی نمی کنند. دو عامل وزن دستوری و معرفگی نیز نقشی مؤثر بر این فرایند در زبان کردی ندارند.
English Language Teacher Education Programs in Selected Language Institutes in Iran: Curriculum Priorities and Programmatic Realities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
English Language Teacher Education (ELTE) programs in Iran have been designed in a distinctive bilingual environment where private language institutes offer influential training foundations for most English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers. This study examines the structure and content of teacher preparation programs in four prominent Iranian language institutes to identify the core components of their training courses. To gather data, semi-structured and focus-group interviews were conducted with two novice teachers and two teacher educators from each institute, selected through purposive sampling. Thematic analysis of the data revealed that training programs emphasized seven key themes: Teaching Methods, Flexibility, Practical teaching, Reflection, Native language use, Culture, and Technology. These findings can offer English language teachers valuable insights into their future roles and provide policymakers with rich data to evaluate existing programs and make necessary modifications in areas that require improvement. Potentially bridging the gap between theoretical training and practical classroom demands.
واکاوی انسجام دستوری در داستان مدیر مدرسه، اثر جلال آل احمد بر پایه نظریه هلیدی و حسن(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
زبان شناسی و گویش های خراسان سال ۱۷ تابستان ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۳۹
154 - 137
حوزههای تخصصی:
انسجام از ارکان اساسی هر متن است و از کنار هم قرار گرفتن واژه ها و ایجاد ارتباط معنایی، دستوری و کاربردشناختی جملات در متن به وجود می آید. هلیدی و حسن (1976) در زبان شناسی نقش گرا مقوله انسجام و زیرشاخه های آن شامل عناصر انسجام دستوری و واژگانی را مطرح کرده اند. مقاله حاضر با تکیه بر نظریه هلیدی و حسن عناصر انسجام دستوری در داستان کوتاه مدیر مدرسه نوشته جلال آل احمد را موردبررسی قرار می دهد. به این منظور، با استفاده از مثال های مختلف در داستان مذکور، نحوه کاربرد عناصر انسجام دستوری شامل ارجاع، حذف، جایگزینی و ادات ربط، در متن موردنظر تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که به ترتیب، ارجاع (9/69 درصد) و ادات ربط (1/25 درصد) بیشترین تأثیر در انسجام و در مقابل، حذف (01/4 درصد) و جایگزینی (91/0 درصد) کمترین تأثیر را داشته است. این نتیجه با ویژگی های سبکی جلال آل احمد در زمینه محاوره نویسی کاملاً منطبق و همسو است. همچنین، نتایج حاکی از آن بود که مدیر مدرسه از نظر به کارگیری عناصر انسجام دستوری ارجاع و ادات ربط، متنی منسجم بوده و نویسنده با انتخاب درست و بجای این دو عنصر در متن توانسته پیوند میان کلمات و جملات را به خوبی حفظ کند. آل احمد با کاربرد مناسب عناصر انسجام دستوری در این متن عملکرد موفقی در تأثیرگذاری آن و ترغیب خواننده داشته است.
Investigating (Im)Politeness in English Comments on Instagram’s Broadcast Pages: Leech's Grand Strategy of Politeness in Focus(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Human beings employ different forms of linguistic politeness to ease communication and reduce the likelihood of conflict. With the rise of technology and social media platforms such as Email, Telegram, Twitter, WhatsApp, and Instagram, the concept of politeness has faced new challenges. The present study focused on Instagram comments and analyzed politeness strategies based on Leech’s grand strategy of politeness. The study examined a 20043-word corpus developed based on 696 posts across various topics on Instagram. The results revealed that Instagram users predominantly utilized negative politeness strategies (63.3%). Among the positive strategies, agreement constraints were the most frequently employed (32.7%), while tact constraint violations (32.1%) were the most common within negative strategies. The study utilized repeated measures of ANOVA and Tukey post hoc analysis via SPSS to examine differences among various constraints and their violations. Significant differences were found among most constraints, except for tact and modesty, generosity, and feeling reticence. In terms of constraint violations, no significant differences were observed between approbation and obligation of the speaker to others constraint violation, between agreement constraint violation and generosity constraint violation, between agreement and obligation of others to a speaker constraint violation, between agreement constraint violation and opinion reticence constraint violation, between sympathy and modesty constraint violation, between sympathy and feeling reticence constraint violation. The findings underscore the importance of analyzing language in specific media, providing insights into politeness and impoliteness in a specific medium. The results can enhance students' pragmatic skills and improve their online communication, prompting materials developers to consider such pragmatic dimensions.
Foreign Language Learning Needs of Undergraduate Engineering Students in Architecture and Electrical Engineering Faculties in Iran(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)
منبع:
The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۸, No.۳۶, Spring & Summer ۲۰۲۵
1-42
حوزههای تخصصی:
This study aimed to investigate the foreign language learning needs of undergraduate engineering students enrolled in the faculties of architecture and electrical in Iran. A total of 133 undergraduate students aged between 20-25 years, along with 30 subject-specific instructors from Azad and State universities of Yazd, Iran, participated in the study. The study was conducted using a qualitative-quantitative survey design, which involved questionnaires and interviews. Qualitative data was collected through interviews with 20 subject-specific instructors and ten undergraduate students in their eighth semesters. The analysis of qualitative and statistical data revealed that most students needed to master the English language before they attended their specialized courses. Over one-third of the students expressed dissatisfaction with the teaching methodology, evaluation methods, amount of foreign culture taught in class, and content of the textbook. The subject-specific instructors also expressed dissatisfaction with their students’ language skills. It can be concluded that in Iran, the English for Specific Purpose (ESP) course does not fully prepare the students to embark on their studies, as it does not sufficiently take into account their learning needs, present level of foreign language proficiency, objectives of the course, resources available in terms of staff, materials, equipment, finances, and time constraint, as well as the skill of the teachers and the teacher’s knowledge of the specific area.
Persian Vowel Harmony Without Exceptionality: A Reply to Jam [Review of the Article Vowel Harmony in Persian, by B. Jam, 2020](مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
مطالعات زبان و گویش های غرب ایران سال ۱۳ پاییز ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۵۰
103 - 108
حوزههای تخصصی:
Jam (2020) attempts to provide an Optimality-Theoretic analysis of Persian vowel harmony. As to cases where backness harmony does not appear to occur, his explanation appeals to Lexically Specific Constraint Theory, treating these instances as exceptional rather than systematic. In this reply, I argue that such an appeal to exceptionality is unnecessary, and I propose an alternative analysis in which regressive vowel harmony in Persian can be accounted for in a principled, unified manner without recourse to lexically indexed constraints. By introducing an appropriately formulated markedness constraint, it becomes possible to capture the full range of observed patterns while maintaining the parsimony and explanatory elegance expected of an Optimality-Theoretic framework. In addition to this central point, I identify several further weaknesses in Jam’s analysis. These include a conflation of rule ordering with constraint ranking, which obscures the theoretical distinction between derivational and constraint-based approaches, the problematic assumption that the phonological representation of loanwords should mirror their source-language forms, and the omission of critical information in both the representations and tableaux.
مطالعه تطبیقی عدم تقارن مبدأ و هدف حرکت در زبان فارسی، آلمانی و لهستانی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
علم زبان سال ۱۲ بهار و تابستان ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۲۱
113 - 144
حوزههای تخصصی:
در اغلب زبان های دنیا پدیده عدم تقارن بین مبدأ و هدف حرکت در سطوح مختلف زبانی اعم از ساختواژی، نحوی، واژگانی و غیره به چشم می خورد. در این پژوهش، فرضیه عدم تقارن بین مبدأ و هدف حرکت در زبان فارسی، آلمانی و لهستانی به صورت تطبیقی مورد سنجش قرار گرفته و بدین منظور، از مجموعه ای ویدئوکلیپ استفاده شده است. لازم به توضیح است که زبان فارسی عمدتاً مسیر حرکت را بیرون از ستاک فعل توسط قمرها بیان می کند که این موضوع درخصوصِ مبدأ و هدف حرکت صدق می کند. بنابراین، زبان فارسی از این حیث جزء زبان های قمرقالب رده بندی می شود. در این تحقیق، زبان فارسی را با دو زبان دیگر یعنی آلمانی و لهستانی که آن ها نیز این مقوله ها را بیرون از ستاک فعلی رمزگذاری می کنند، از حیث نحوه رمزگذاری مبدأ و هدف حرکت در مواردی متعدد مقایسه کرده ایم. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می دهد که در زبان فارسی فرضیه عدم تقارن بین مبدأ و هدف حرکت در سطوح واژگانی و تمایزات معنایی به اشکال مختلف مشاهده می شود. بنابراین، اگرچه هر سه زبان مورد بحث دارای الگوی واژگانی قمرقالب درخصوصِ رمزگذاری مسیر هستند، اما در مورد تقارن بین مبدأ و هدف حرکت، الزاماً به یک شیوه عمل نمی کنند و این موضوع بیانگر تفاوت های درون زبانی زبان های دنیا صرف نظر از گرایش رده شناختی کلی آن ها (قمرقالب، فعل قالب و غیره) است.