Architecture and Urban Development (IJAUD)

S trategic planning, as the las t s tage of the development of urban planning, s trives to create consensus among citizens regarding urban development adaptability and participative techniques. Urban residents are recognized as s takeholders in the planning process and will take part in its final formulation. In addition to discussing issues like reducing poverty, city planning, and environmental problems, the CDS prioritizes increasing economic competitiveness. This s tudy measured good urban governance, livability, bankability, and competitiveness indicators for Mallard. A descriptive-analytical approach has been used to accomplish this. The mos t crucial feature of this s trategy is that it views cities as the engine of economic growth and directly affects governance, local economic growth, and poverty alleviation.The purpose of this article is to review and evaluate the components of the city development s trategy in Mallard. The data were processed using SPSS and AMOS software, one-sample T-tes ts, and other tools. The results show that while the components of bankability (2.20) and competitiveness (2.42) are in a somewhat better position than the other components, the components of livability (1.70) and good urban governance (18.82) are in a much poorer position.

The spatial weighted regression method is one of the bes t methods to achieve higher accuracy in analyzing space-affected relations. This article attempts to introduce a model of the results of Area of Supply and Demand and general park performance with a spatially weighted regression model for evaluating parks in Region 1 of Tehran. The density of parks and population density in Region 1 of Tehran with the help of some environmental variables-space such as the area of parks. To follow the theoretical framework, spatial dis tribution and urban green space efficiency indices were used. With their help, environmental-spatial variables have been extracted, and the required data have been collected through sys tematic scientific methods and turned into information in determining the relationship between the data. Based on the findings, it is expected that this indicator will help landscape planners to unders tand the supply and demand index of parks and their relationship with the general efficiency of parks. It can help planners reconsider their projects' policies, goals, and cos ts. The results show that the general performance development index of parks in the firs t Region of Tehran is not commensurate with their supply and demand. In some areas, parks with appropriate performance indexes have low demand. Predictions of this research show that parks with index (-0.5>S tdError) value will need more demand in the future, and demand for parks with index (S tdError>2.5) will decrease.

 The extant s tudy aimed to analyze the acous tic comfort situation in contemporary apartments based on urban spaces in Tabriz, Iran. This s tudy was conducted using a quantitative method within the field survey at two levels of the ques tionnaire (perceptual situation) and field measurements (acous tical condition). The researcher-made ques tionnaire was used to collect data in the firs t s tep. Architecture experts approved the validity of the ques tionnaire; its reliability was examined using Cronbach's alpha (0.926). All experiments associated with airborne noise field measurements (background sound and sound pressure level) were done using 2260Inves tigator. Firs t, background noise was measured in two open and closed windows inside the considered residential units. In the next s tep, sound pressure level (SPL) Figures were plotted using level rate and sound s tandard in different plan spaces. Ultimately, the authors assessed noise criteria and their difference with sound levels. The results indicated the undeniable effect of traffic, among other variables of acous tic comfort, on dissatisfaction caused by noise in urban areas of Tabriz. This effect was not only definite but also so significant that there was no change in patterns emerging in noise level, even based on the SPL measurements.

Improving the thermal comfort of occupants in indoor spaces is one of the objectives of improving building cons truction techniques. In temperate and humid climates, window shutters are utilized as a protective shield during s torms. They can also block the view from the outside environment into the room. In this s tudy, we looked into how the inner climate condition was affected by various design patterns of these flexible envelopes. Vernacular architecture in humid and temperate climates can be used to describe different window shutter sizes and shapes. These shutters include both entirely rigid or perforated types. Window shutters are utilized as adjus table enclosures outside building windows that allow occupants to adjus t their position or location. Occupants in this area frequently open windows during extreme heat to ventilate the building and enhance the inner climate.In this regard, while using natural ventilation, we compared the twelve sample models with window shutters with various opening inlets to those without these flexible envelopes. We concluded after looking at several variables that flexible envelopes with an inlet area of 12.5% to 25% of the flexible envelopes produce better inner climate conditions.

One of the issues that mos t cities across the world are faced with is natural disas ters. Natural hazards and their devas tating effects remain on the ground, especially in recent years, the countries have been about to reduce the damage caused to it to plan and manage their events. Adminis trative units could have an important role as one of the elements before, during, and after the crisis. In this s tudy, connective s tatus and building accessibility in the offices of region 5 in Isfahan were s tudied, including Telecommunication Organizations, Fire S tations, Electricity Companies, municipalities, Education Minis try, and Gas Companies. Heretofore, there was no study of the connective s tatus and accessibility of the office buildings in Esfahan. This research is a descriptive and analytical survey. The required information was evaluated and weighed by six indices, including the questionnaire, field collecting method, and A.H.P. measures. The results indicated that among administrative centers in terms of the degree of connectivity and accessibility, adminis trative codes 6 and 17, with weights of 0.03% and 0.031% were the mos t accessible, and adminis trative codes 14, 8, 9, 10, and 11 with weights of 0.07%, 0.067% were the mos t inaccessible.

The s tudy methodology is a mixed research method that is contextual and semantic in terms of the data's nature; in terms of the logic of thinking, the s tudy method is deductive, and in terms of the analysis levels, it is analytical-interpretive. The selected s trategy of this research is grounded theory, with the preliminary analyses (qualitative research method) being conducted based on S trauss and Corbin's sys tematic coding using MaxQDA software. Then, in the second s tage, the importance coefficients of the topics extracted from semi-s tructured interviews were analyzed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) using Expert Choice Software. The research findings indicate that mos t of the respondents find "recognition and creation of emotional bond through the use of the pas t generations'' memories" and "the neighborhood's his torical form and shape" as two selectable solutions and, of course, in the authors'' minds, considering the population growth and increase in the demands for new houses in the intended texture and, consequently, increase in the number of cons tructions and the change in the city's countenance, these solutions seem to be somewhat illogical. "The necessity for amending the urban and regional criteria and regulations," and also, "enhancing the awareness of the designers and the area's addressees," and, subsequently, "reducing the influence of the designers'' tas tes" are the other factors that seem to be more widely applicable for they can prevent the emergence of visual abnormalities on the façades to a large extent.

The cons truction indus try is one of the mos t energy-consuming and Contamination indus tries. Lean cons truction (L.C.) is an advanced manufacturing approach that could potentially bring novel developments in the cons truction indus try and seeks to elevate the value of the building, diminishing was te. Off-site cons truction (OSC) techniques have numerous advantages. Recent research s tudies have outlined the advantages of bringing together L.C. and OSC. This research aims to identify the elements of blending L.C. and OSC for the Indus trialization architecture framework. The core ideas that are integrated into the framework are addressed and discussed. This research employed a 3-s tep bibliometric review of indus trialization research within the cons truction and manufacturing sectors. A comprehensive sys tematic literature review technique to review the literature on L.C. and OSC for indus trialization architecture identified factors of integrated L.C. and OSC for indus trialization architecture and arrived at a conceptual model by recognizing these components. To refine AEC performance toward indus trialization cons truction, The increased efficiency of the enhanced production sys tem is taking a more prominent place. The introduction of automation and robotic sys tems into the cons truction process, pre-fabrication technique, cons truction 4.0 and use of information communication technology and digital technology (BIM, RFID,...), use of DFMA technique (design for manufacture and assembly) and sus tainability ability for the elimination of cons truction was te are factors for integrating L.C. and OSC for indus trialization architecture. This document provides a reference for future cons truction direction to achieve indus trialization cons truction.

 Recent advancements in cons truction and shifts in traditional housing practices in the villages of the Gilan Plain have resulted in a disconnect between the newly-cons tructed housing and its surrounding environmental, economic, physical, social, and cultural conditions. This s tudy aims to identify and evaluate the key components affecting traditional rural housing in the Gilan Plain and compare these with those found in the literature review. The s tudy employed a mixed-methods design, including descriptive-analytical approaches, a survey method, and a case s tudy approach, to examine rural housing in the Gilan Plain. The components were dis tilled into items and evaluated through a ques tionnaire dis tributed to 100 architectural experts, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. The components were then ranked using the Friedman tes t. To observe the functions of these components, 23 case s tudies of rural housing in the Gilan Plain were inves tigated. The findings showed that livelihood played a significant role in shaping the physical s tructure of rural homes in the Gilan Plain compared to other rural areas of Iran. Due to the region's favorable climate conditions, including an abundance of rain and vegetation, there has been a lack of emphasis on climate adaptation s trategies and resource management compared to other regions of Iran. The abundant fields and vegetation also serve important cultural functions, such as providing privacy.