Architecture and Urban Development (IJAUD)

Density is a critical typology in determining sustainable urban built-form patterns. Built-form refers to the assemblage and arrangement of the building masses in a city reflecting the spatial layout of spaces. The relationship between density and urban character is also based on at certain densities (thresholds). In a wider sense, sustainable cities are a matter of density. Recent debates about the creation of more sustainable urban form, compact cities have led to a renewed focus on issues of density. The argument is that high density high-rise with low ground coverage or compact city form can offer a high quality of life while minimizing crime, possibility to provide adequate amenities, green and open spaces, accessibility and space consumption. However, the relationships of density and patterns built-form are not reasonably well developed and integrated into the urban design-planning processes in developing countries cities like Addis Ababa. On the hand, not many studies have been undertaken with regard to density in relation to patterns of built-forms. Therefore, this study aims to explore density in relation to patterns of built-form in the process of planning & design of urban spaces2. The analysis is based on the primary sources as well as secondary documents collected from the concerned agencies and related references. The findings illustrate that high density high-rise with low ground coverage patterns of built-forms can offer better possibilities for installing good spatial quality3 of urban spaces. It concludes with an overview of emerging thinking/implications where further efforts are required in the future

Disaster Management and current approaches in this field in one hand only has focused to physical vulnerabilities and in the other hand has included consequential action to reduce vulnerability and improve physical preparation as well as resistance institutional insignificant during the disaster. Therefore, these approaches usually have ignored the capabilities and capacities of residents to reduce vulnerabilities and consequently losses and damage. While recent approaches have entered, the field of disaster management emphasized that at first vulnerability is beyond the physical vulnerabilities and second vulnerabilities have an inverse relationship with the resident’s capacity in the face of disaster. So, community-based disaster risk management need to recognize indicators of vulnerability and community capacity and its relationship is essential. Accordingly, in the first step, the indicators of community capacity and community vulnerability are provided and in the second step based on these indicators, community capacity and vulnerability have been assessed. The assessment of community characters is based on GIS capabilities, spatial analysis tools and SPSS and correlation regression is used for analyzing the relationship of the variables. The results and findings of this research indicate that the vulnerability of urban areas is not only influenced by physical factors, but also social and organizational factors like community organizing and community educating have affected strongly the vulnerability.

Due to rapid growth of urbanization and economic demand, we are continuously losing our fields, our free lands, open sky, ponds, lakes; actually our breathing spaces. Sometimes for zoning policies, migration or transferal of a particular business or activity, a place like waterfronts, body of water, military or industrial sites can lost its importance, kept vacant and become a dead place. These are all called LOST SPACES in urban context. Renewal of the lost spaces might open up the new visions. This paper will discuss about one of these lost spaces; an urban water body and its renewal process. Under a proper design and guidelines method, a lost water body might open up the new opportunities to make the urban life more sustainable; where architecture, landscape and water can build up a synthesis. We can achieve social equity, economic progression, environmental education, vegetation as well as a breathing space for locality.

The question from the mission of architecture and its relationship with human as the artist or the audience, without addressing to the reality issue and the manner of cognition is not possible. As a human phenomenon, architecture is a product of human awareness on various aspects such as scientific, engineering, and artistic aspects. Therefore, clarifying the nature and the manner of awareness, cognition and the methods and tools, can contribute to understand the art work. In continue the manner of advent and perception of wisdom in the Islamic architectural work would be analyzed. The research method is logical reasoning. Therefore, initially the Islamic worldview is posed based on the transcendental philosophy as the last and most important and major Islamic philosophy evolution, this approach is a strong system with logical method and has a strong theoretical transparency in order to understand the definition of components such as ontology, anthropology, epistemology and cosmology. After explaining principles of mental structures according to proposed Islamic worldview, the manner of emergence of the architectural work by creator of the work and how it is perceived by the audience and the work relationship with reality, based on the quad and quintet causes, ultimate and in instance, nominative, substantial, formal which have been considered in the formal position of discussion. The manner of Islamic architecture as nominative cause and the advent of thought and imagination, as the ultimate and in instance cause and actuality of the mass and the space, as substantial causes in the form of the face of place as formal cause is the purpose of this research. The manner of creation and perception of the work and the manner of presence and the advent of reality in architecture are exامینed by determining nature and the manner of emotions, perceptions and cognition. The most important result of this study is to address the main mission of architecture as the creator of the cognition factor.

In this paper, the build and survived railway stations over the time at which first railway line construction started at Turkey until the present had been exامینed and the ones which were out of use and lost their original function with time had been determined. Also the determined building stock had been evaluated based on the principle of giving new function to the old buildings, in especial of station buildings. The obtained data had been scanned by means of software prepared by the expert system approach in order to make a priority order for buildings. The priority order of 40 stations which found to be eligible for re-usage and had been chosen among the exامینed 580 stations had been made . In this way discarded railway heritage action plan has been prepared for the solution of problems in the state. The solution proposes is guiding many countries, especially in Turkey.

The purpose of this study is to exامینe the effects of place identity on the sustainable development of urban spaces. Thus, the components of place identity, emotional attachment, place attachment and social bonding have been measured in three dimensions of (cognitive) the place identity, (affective) emotional attachment and (behavioral) place attachment and social bond. To measure sustainable development, three components of sustainable development, including society, economy, and environment has been considered. The current survey is a descriptive survey. The assessment instrument was the standard questionnaire of Safarnia which has been used to measure the variable of place identity and to measure the variable of sustainable development, a questionnaire has been made by the researcher and has been based on the combined theoretical framework. The statistical population of this research has been the inhabitants of Shiraz city and Hafeziyeh aera. SPSS22 software has been used to analyze the data and exامینed the results of both descriptive and inferential statistics. In inferential statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient has been used to exامینe the hypotheses. In this study, the variable of place identity is high and sustainable development is also in a high level. These results suggest the positive effects of place identity on the sustainable development.