Recent advancements in cons truction and shifts in traditional housing practices in the villages of the Gilan Plain have resulted in a disconnect between the newly-cons tructed housing and its surrounding environmental, economic, physical, social, and cultural conditions. This s tudy aims to identify and evaluate the key components affecting traditional rural housing in the Gilan Plain and compare these with those found in the literature review. The s tudy employed a mixed-methods design, including descriptive-analytical approaches, a survey method, and a case s tudy approach, to examine rural housing in the Gilan Plain. The components were dis tilled into items and evaluated through a ques tionnaire dis tributed to 100 architectural experts, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. The components were then ranked using the Friedman tes t. To observe the functions of these components, 23 case s tudies of rural housing in the Gilan Plain were inves tigated. The findings showed that livelihood played a significant role in shaping the physical s tructure of rural homes in the Gilan Plain compared to other rural areas of Iran. Due to the region's favorable climate conditions, including an abundance of rain and vegetation, there has been a lack of emphasis on climate adaptation s trategies and resource management compared to other regions of Iran. The abundant fields and vegetation also serve important cultural functions, such as providing privacy.
