خشونت خانگی زوج علیه زوجه (مطالعۀ تطبیقی در فقه امامیه و حقوق موضوعه با تأکید بر لایحه پیشگیری از آسیب دیدگی زنان و ارتقای امنیت آنان در برابر سوء رفتار) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
خشونت خانگی علیه زنان پدیده ای است که آثار ناگواری بر سلامت جسم و روح زنان و به تبع آن بر سلامت خانواده وارد می کند. از آن مهم تر خشونت و سوءرفتار زوج علیه زوجه است که با توجه به نقش و جایگاه زن در خانواده، لزوم توجه و بررسی بیشتر این پدیده مشخص می شود. این پژوهش به دنبال پاسخ به این سؤال اساسی است که چه قواعد فقهی و حقوقی در رفع و منع پدیده خشونت خانگی زوج علیه زوجه وجود دارد. در این پژوهش، این موضوع از منظر فقهی و حقوقی بررسی و به برخی از شبهاتی که درمورد جواز چنین خشونتی در اسلام وجود دارد پاسخ داده می شود. همچنین دیدگاه قانون گذار ایران به موضوع بررسی و درنهایت راهکارهایی برای مقابله و توقف این پدیده ارائه می شود. روش تحقیق توصیفی است و با ابزار تحلیل محتوای کیفی به تبیین موضوع پرداخته شده است. از نظر فقه امامیه، انواع خشونت به خصوص از سوی زوج، علیه زنان منع شده و از منظر مقررات داخلی حقوق ایران، با وجود خلأهای قانونی در این خصوص، اقداماتی مبنی بر بسترسازی فرهنگی در بادی امر و در کنار آن تصویب قوانین خاص، مؤثر و کارآمد، از جمله تصویب هرچه سریع تر لایحه «پیشگیری از آسیب دیدگی زنان و ارتقای امنیت آنان در برابر سوءرفتار» می تواند تا حد زیادی از ارتکاب این پدیده بکاهد.Domestic Violence of the Husband against the Wife (a Comparative Study in Imamiyyah Jurisprudence and Iranian Law with an Emphasis on the Bill "Preventing Women from being Injured and Improving their Safety against Misbehavior"
Domestic violence against women, as a social issue, has always been considered in different societies. Many researches have been conducted on domestic violence all over the world. There are different kinds of knowledge from which domestic violence can be considered. Psychology, sociology, criminology and pathology are some of these sciences. Researchers have recognized it as a serious social problem and issue. This phenomenon has adverse effects on the health of the body and mind of women and consequently the health of the family and society. According to Quran, men and women are equal in terms of human status and dignity. According to the religion of Islam and the Quran, gender is not a criterion of superiority of one over the other. Considering the role and position of women in the family, there is more attention and investigation on the phenomenon of domestic violence. In this research, the issue of husband violence against the wife has been tried to be investigated from a jurisprudential and legal point of view. In addition, some questions about the permissibility of such violence in Islam are examined and some important doubts in this field are answered. In addition, the Iranian legislator's view on the issue of violence is examined and finally, solutions to stopping of this phenomenon are presented. Also, in this research, it is emphasized that the speedy approval of laws that lead to the violation of women's rights is part of the emphasis of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The method of this research is descriptive. We have used qualitative content analysis. According to Imamy jurisprudence, all types of violence against women, especially from the husband, are forbidden. There are some doubts about this issue but all of them can be answered by using jurisprudential sources. In addition, there are cases in Islam that show Islam's serious opposition to violence against women. For example, Islam has condemned the ugly customs such as Waad, Ilaa, Zehar and Erth al-Nisaa, and Islam has forbidden to harm a believer. Also in Iranian law, there are two views in opposition with violence: 1. The common point of view is guidance with an emphasis on compromise, mediation and counseling; 2. The criminalization of domestic violence, which is reflected in the bill "preventing women's injuries and improving their security against misbehavior". Eventually husband's violence against wife is something that may be learned through the learning process in society. Therefore, cultural activities, education and training can be effective in preventing and reducing this phenomenon. Also, passing effective and efficient laws, such as criminalizing violence, supporting abused or homeless women, and passing the bill as soon as possible can greatly reduce the commission of this phenomenon in the society.
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