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Systematic review
حوزههای تخصصی:
Crowdsourcing Translation as a Post-Editing Method (CTPE) has emerged as a rapid and inexpensive method for translation and has drawn significant attention in recent years. This qualitative study aims to analyze and synthesize the approaches and aspects underpinning CTPE research and to identify its potential that is yet to be discovered. Through a systematic literature review focused on empirical papers, we examined the limited literature thematically and identified recurring central themes. Our review reveals that the topic of CTPE requires further attention and that its potential benefits are yet to be fully discovered. We discuss the eight core concepts that emerged during our analysis, including the purpose of CTPE, CTPE areas of application, ongoing CTPE processes, platform and crowd characteristics, motivation, CTPE domains, and future perspectives. By highlighting the strengths of CTPE, we conclude that it has the potential to be a highly effective translation method in various domains.
A Systematic literature Review of ICT in the Educational System of Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
School Administration, Volume ۱۰, Issue ۴, Winter ۲۰۲۲۳
109 - 135
حوزههای تخصصی:
Although information and communication technology (ICT) is discussed in different aspects of education for a long time and numerous scholarly works have been published by Iranian researchers in Persian and English, but a study that illustrates the whole status of published works is not yet conducted. There is no reliable source to display the body of knowledge produced in this field. For this reason, it is necessary to investigate state of the art of ICT in educational system of Iran through a systematic review of scientific published papers. The present research aims in identifying, interpreting and describing the topics and approaches used by the Iranian authors to study ICT in the educational system of Iran. Achieving the identity or knowledge base of this field is performed with an descriptive-interpretive approach in order to perceive the status of technology application in the educational system of Iran. The research population includes all articles published in the journals of Education and ICT. In this regard, research articles in the field of ICT in the educational system in both Persian and English languages were searched in databases between 2001 and 2022. By using the systematic review method, a list of related keywords and concepts were searched in Persian and English databases which include related journals. After conducting the initial search and applying the inclusion criteria, 112 articles were included in the study. Finally, a detailed review and in-depth investigation was conducted by using qualitative content analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, four dimensions of ICT in the educational system were extracted: “Leadership”, “Professional development”, “Assessment”, and “Teaching-learning process”. Analyses shows that these dimensions are not considered evenly. Sub topics of these four areas as well as ignored areas are discussed. Also, future directions are proposed
A systematic review of validity and reliability assessment of measuring Spasticity Evaluation Tool and Wheelchair Skills Tests at the level of international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) in people with spinal cord injury(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Sport Sciences and Health Research, Volume ۱۵, Issue ۲, ۲۰۲۳
203 - 217
حوزههای تخصصی:
Background: Assessment of spasticity and wheelchair skills performance is important in both clinical practice and research.Aim: The present study aimed to systematically review the psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of outcome measures used to assess spasticity and wheelchair skill tests in people with spinal cord injury.Materials and Methods: A search was conducted using terms through PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Related articles included measures of spinal cord injury patients published in English from 2010 to 2021.To determine the publication quality of studies COSMIN checklist was used.Results: A total of 2150 potentially eligible studies were retrieved from four databases. The remaining 20 full-text studies were retrieved for complete review. Finally, 12 studies involving a total of 658 participants were included in the systematic review.Conclusion: Ethical, safety, and psychological issues were considered during the test for people with disabilities. According to previous studies, the Spasticity Evaluation Tool has been suggested as a reliable tool for assessing spasticity in SCI subjects. However, due to the variety of tests and the elimination of selected tools, wheelchair skills tests cannot be recommended.
A Systematic Review of Instagram as a Mobile Assisted Language Learning Tool in English as a Second/Foreign Language(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
In recent years, Instagram has gained considerable attention in scientific research because of its popularity among English language learners. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of empirical studies that investigated the use of Instagram as a mobile-assisted language learning (MALL) tool in ESL/EFL and attempted to perform a scientific mapping of the literature. To this end, a corpus of studies since 2010 was retrieved in January 2023 from six academic databases and reviewed through the stages of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). A critical appraisal of 48 experimental studies included in this review was carried out and a meta-analysis of 11 eligible studies was conducted. The results of the meta-analysis confirmed the significant effect size of the use of Instagram in ESL/EFL. The bibliometric analysis revealed that the research productivity is up and found writing and vocabulary skills as the main focus in most of the studies. This study could have implications for teachers and researchers to gain a broad overview of the integration of Instagram in English language teaching and to know the current research trends in the field for future research.
An in-depth exploration of influential factors impacting the choice of knowledge workers: a comprehensive systematic literature review(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
The selection of knowledge workers in the organization is one of the main tasks of human resource management in the new era, and the lack of criteria and a coherent list of factors influencing the selection of these workers has been raised as a challenging issue in this field. The following article seeks to examine these influencing factors on the selection of Knowledge workers using a systematic review. The process of conducting a systematic research review is derived from the model of Okoli and Shabram (2017) and the selection steps of Silva (2015). Based on this, the number of 1976 articles published without time limit from the databases of Science Direct, Google Scholar, Normags, a comprehensive portal of humanities, the specialized database of Noor magazines, and the scientific information center of academic jihad were examined, and analyzed. In the final step, effective factors were extracted from 16 articles. The findings of the research were presented in the form of three categories of knowledge, skill, and ability, and finally, the key characteristics of knowledge workers were divided into two parts: some characteristics are non-developable and fixed, and others are developable and variable.
A Systematic Review of Gamified Systems: A New Model for Strategic Development in Future Gamification Research(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Today, gamification is being used in various areas such as education, health, and business to enhance engagement and increase the system's efficiency. Despite significant scholarly interest, in many cases, undesirable results have been achieved using gamified solutions. This highlights the need for further research to explore these challenges through innovative methodologies and to devise new solutions. Addressing this gap, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on the emerging and growing subject of gamification using the PRISMA methodology and proposed a novel model for the strategic development of future gamification studies. The research led to the identification of 48 qualified empirical studies which have been analyzed to outline the existing views, gaps, and consequently the implications for future research. Through the analysis, we delineate the impact and effectiveness of gamification, highlighting its potential to transform user experience positively when implemented with strategic finesse. Consequently, we propose a novel model for the strategic development of future gamification studies, presenting it in three main dimensions: Contexts, Users, and Elements, and for each dimension, significant and less-paid topics are discussed. In addition, we represent six main suggestions for the design of the entire gamified system: Decision-Making Methods, Success Factors, Validation Methods, Dynamic Design Approach, Timeframe, and Modern Technology. Our proposed model not only facilitates a deeper understanding of gamified systems but also offers actionable insights and guidelines for both academics and practitioners. It is meticulously designed to assist researchers and practitioners in crafting more effective gamified systems that are customized to meet specific user needs and environmental contexts. By doing so, it aims to maximize the sustainable benefits of gamification, ensuring that these systems deliver significant and lasting impacts. This strategic approach integrates the latest advancements in technology and dynamic design principles, establishing a robust framework for the future of gamification research and application.
The Past, Present and Future of Safety Management in Sport: A Bibliometric Approach to Determine Performance in Scientific Mapping(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
The purpose of this paper is to list and briefly discuss the top authors, organizations, universities, nations, publications, and journals in the topic of sports safety management. It also aims to provide the most linked patterns in terms of co-citation, co-authorship, keyword co-occurrence, temporal proximity, and substantial terms and concepts in the field of safety management based on content analysis. 214 pertinent international publications from journals around the world that were published between 1993 and 2023 were found in the Scopus citation database and comprised the statistical population for this study, which followed a systematic review process. In this study, software tools like Publish or Perish, Excel, Vosviewer, Rstudio, R and Maxqda 2020 were used to identify, quantify, and evaluate safety management elements in sports.The results showed that the United States has the most influence in this sector, with the University of Florida (USA) being the most significant university and organization. "Recreational Sports" is the most prominent journal in the field of safety and risk management. Konnaughton, D.P., and Spengler, Jo are the most significant authors in this discipline. Finally, a comprehensive and eight-dimensional model of safety management was created by merging the essential terms that were taken from the examination of the top 20 articles in this sector. In conclusion, it can be said that safety and risk management in sports can reduce sports-related dangers and boost safety standards, resulting in a significant advancement in athlete safety and a reduction in risks related to sports.
A Systematic Review of Translator Translation Styles: Trends and Development from 2013 to 2023(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
جستارهای زبانی دوره ۱۵ مرداد و شهریور ۱۴۰۳ شماره ۳ (پیاپی ۸۱)
275 - 299
حوزههای تخصصی:
This is a systematic review of Translator Translation Styles from 2013 to 2023, based on 16 highly relevant articles, which are included after searching a total of 193 articles in three databases using specific keywords. This review aims to investigate the current trends and development of the four core research elements, namely, the research topics, research approaches/tools, research objects, and research trends of Translator Translation Styles. Corpus-based research and computing technology have become the core research trends in this field. By taking the translated texts as the research objects and using a variety of research approaches to analyze and compile statistics on a large number of texts, researchers can accurately identify and compare the different emphases of their respective studies on Translator Translation Styles. At present, it seems that the research on Translator Translation Styles has established a system framework. However, it still needs to be optimized and improved in some aspects (e.g., the research objects are too limited and lack innovation in types), and future research can further explore those aspects. The present paper ends with some suggestions and recommendations for future researchers in academic contexts.
A Systematic Review of Theories on Family Business Internationalization(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Objective: Due to globalization, its economic impacts, and the capacity of family businesses to create socio-emotional value on an international scale, this study aims to establish a comprehensive theoretical framework for the internationalization of family businesses.Methods: Using a mixed-methods approach, 1,727 articles from the Web of Science database were identified over a decade, and 42 relevant theories were systematically reviewed. A subsequent narrative review further examines these theories in the context of family business internationalization.Results: These theories are categorized through two approaches: first, a multidisciplinary approach, which includes general management theories, internationalization theories, and family business-specific frameworks; and second, an interdisciplinary approach, organizing these theories within the framework of theoretical evolution. This evolutionary process starts with theory building, continues with theory development, and concludes with theory testing.Conclusions: The primary contribution of this study is the identification of core assumptions within each theory related to family business internationalization. Additionally, by extracting key concepts based on content correlation, this research presents a conceptual model that enhances understanding of the theoretical framework and highlights gaps in the evolution of these theories. These findings provide a valuable foundation for future research in the dynamic and evolving field of family business internationalization.
Central Bank Transparency and Capital Market Reaction: A Systematic Review(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
In an expansive test of nations over distinctive geographic districts and over a long period of time, we discover restricted nation and variable-specific impacts of central bank straightforwardness on figure exactness and their scattering among an expansive set of proficient figures of monetary and macroeconomic factors. More communication indeed increments estimate mistakes and scattering. So the aim at this study is a systematic review of central bank transparency and capital market reaction. This study was conducted using a systematic review. At first all papers (n=165) related to keywords (capital market reaction and central bank transparency) searched for Persian and English databases; Google, Google scholar, PubMed covering the period from 2012 through 2022 was performed. Then all qualitative and quantitative papers related to central bank transparency selected and analyzed (n=28). As a result to inclusion and exclusion criteria, papers related to central bank transparency were found and analyzed (n=28). Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were: papers related to central bank transparency, papers were Persian and English, types of papers were original and all the papers were free full text. In the initial search, 165 papers were found that after reviewing the titles and abstract articles and removing repetitive and non-related, 54 possible related articles were investigated. Of these, 31 papers were omitted from the abstract because of lack of access to the original article and lack of sufficient information. Finally, 28 papers were included in the study.
There are very few studies that have examined the effect of central bank transparency on capital market turmoil. The effect of central bank transpar-ency on the domestic capital market has not been studied. There is no agreement in the literature on theoretical discussions on whether increasing central bank transparency affects capital market turmoil. In foreign research, we can also refer to the study of Dinser and Eichngreen (2007) who have studied this effect empirically using the main transparency index. The pre-sent systematic review shows that almost whole of papers on central bank transparency and capital market reaction highlighted similar findings con-cerning monetary policy decisions.
The role of personality characteristics in life expectancy, quality of work life, and work-life balance: a systematic review
حوزههای تخصصی:
Personality as an individual factor is one way of describing human characteristics, usually referred to as a number of relatively stable behavioral traits or characteristics. This systematic review reviewed all related Iranian studies in international databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, and national databases, including the Scientific Information Database (SID) and Magiran which was published between 2002 and 2024. The following keywords and combinations of them were used to search the databases: “personality characteristics” “life expectancy,” “quality of work life,” and “work-life balance”. Personality characteristics significantly influence various aspects of life, including life expectancy, quality of work life, and work-life balance. Research indicates that traits such as conscientiousness, neuroticism, and overall personality profiles can contribute to both individual and organizational outcomes. Personality traits, such as conscientiousness and emotional stability, significantly impact life expectancy, job satisfaction, and work-life balance by promoting healthier lifestyles and well-being. Understanding these influences can inform interventions to improve health outcomes and workplace dynamics.
Digital Transformation through Artificial Intelligence in Organizations: A Systematic Literature Review(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
The current paper reviews the present literature in the most known scientific databases in the management and business fields about artificial intelligence (AI) and digital transformation within organizations. The main objective is to extract related research axes and uncover gaps in this emergent topic. The methodology used is a systematic literature review with RStudio software based on 36 selected papers from the Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) databases in the period of 2019-2024. The main axes identified are AI potential for organizations’ performance, innovation and AI potentials, and AI adoption determinants. Regarding the discussion and analysis of the results, future directions are projected to cover all sides of digital transformation through AI tools. The main contribution of this paper is to provide researchers and practitioners with current advancements and changes in Al tools utilized to facilitate digital transformation within evolving economic and social landscapes for companies.
A Systematic Review of Research in the Mental Health of the Elderly in the Neighborhood Spaces: A Co-occurrence Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Architecture and Urban Development, Volume ۱۴, Issue ۳ - Serial Number ۵۳, Summer ۲۰۲۴
78 - 90
حوزههای تخصصی:
Examining the issue of population aging has put the elderly in urban and residential environments at risk due to reduced movement, space perception and mental capacity. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate mental health research of the elderly in the neighborhood space, using the qualitative approach, descriptive method, systematic review and co-occurrence keywords technique, the resources of the Scopus database were examined by using the VOSviewer software. The findings showed that the words "greenness", "cross-sectional survey", "physical activity", "objective built environment", "perceived built environment" and "Covid-19" have been used more in recent years. The most studies were conducted in China (37 cases), America (21) and England (16). Scientific productions in the 1982 to 2019 went through an upward trend and in 2020, it had a rapid downward trend. From 2021 onwards, these productions have followed an upward growth again. Correlation, survey and descriptive methods were the most used methods with a frequency of 71, 60 and 58. The most used tools were questionnaire, interview and mapping with frequency of 78, 48 and 31. "Green space" was the most used variable with 66 repetitions. After that, the variables of walkability, accessibility and safety were ranked second to fourth with repetition times of 37, 31 and 27. The results of this research, in the form of network map, help mental health researchers to take steps to speed up meeting the needs of the elderly by knowing as much as possible about the research gaps.
A Systematic Review of Design Research Approaches in Architectural Design Processes(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
This paper reviews 70 scholarly studies to explore and organize key methodologies in architectural design research through a systematic lens. It is grounded on three widely used frameworks: Frayling's research into, through, and for design; Cross's typology of design knowledge as epistemological, praxeological, and phenomenological; and Buchanan's basic, applied, and clinical research model. The study employed a structured review procedure, following PRISMA guidelines, to evaluate articles from 1982 to 2023 in major scholarly databases. A shared set of strategies and methods was also developed for each type of design research. The proposed conceptual framework—derived from the timing of the research intervention (pre-, through-, or post-design)—provided a more distinct charting of the research landscape. It revealed prevalent clusters of design research practice, each shaped by unique pairs of epistemological emphasis and methodological stance. Based on past studies, this research developed a further typology known as research through design (II), an expansion of the three earlier categories. By offering a distinct and understandable classification, the article aims to assist architecture students, instructors, and novice researchers in selecting the most suitable research approaches. The conclusions enhance the clarity of architectural education and help position design research as a central component of both academic study and professional practice.
A Systematic Review of Educational Damages in Children of Divorce(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to examine the educational damages faced by children of divorce. Divorce is a significant life event that imposes stress on the entire family, especially on children. Methods: This study employed a systematic review of existing literature to identify key educational damages faced by children of divorce. A total of 3,296 articles were initially retrieved from databases, and through a rigorous selection process based on relevance, 27 studies were chosen for in-depth analysis. The indicators were categorized into 9 criteria using a coding framework, with each indicator representing a unique educational challenge or damage. Findings: The review identified 72 educational indicators categorized into key themes such as academic decline, dropout rates, concentration and attention issues, cognitive development impairments, and reduced resources for education. The most frequent issues were poor academic performance, lack of concentration, and dropout rates. Children from divorced families exhibited significantly more challenges in school performance, motivation for achievement, and learning compared to those from intact families. The absence of a stable emotional and financial environment exacerbated these issues, further contributing to academic setbacks. Conclusion: The findings highlight the severe impact of parental divorce on children's educational performance and mental well-being. Academic decline, lack of concentration, and emotional maladjustment are common issues, often leading to school dropout. Effective interventions, including parental education and structured support programs, are crucial to reducing the educational damages faced by children of divorce. Schools and counselors must be trained to address these challenges and work collaboratively with parents to create a supportive learning environment.
A Systematic Review of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Integration in English as a Foreign Language Education(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) have emerged as transformative technologies in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education, offering immersive, adaptive environments that enhance learner engagement, retention, and motivation. This systematic review synthesized 48 peer-reviewed studies published between 2019 and 2024 to examine AR/VR applications, implementation strategies, challenges, and learning outcomes within EFL contexts. The researchers established inclusion criteria—English language studies published from 2019 onward in Scopus-indexed language teaching and learning journals, fully accessible online, and thematically aligned with research objectives—and applied exclusion criteria to studies that were non-English, dated before 2019, restricted in access, or published in low-impact or non-verified outlets. Data from the selected articles were imported into MAXQDA 24 for qualitative coding, yielding 64 open codes that were consolidated into 12 axial codes and further synthesized into six overarching themes: learner engagement, integration strategies, implementation practices, learner perceptions, adoption challenges, and language acquisition outcomes. Findings indicate AR/VR interventions significantly bolster engagement and linguistic competence when embedded within pedagogically sound frameworks, although technical constraints, cost considerations, and teacher readiness can hinder adoption. Educators should design scalable, user-friendly experiences and invest in targeted professional development to optimize outcomes. This review advances our understanding of AR/VR’s pedagogical potential in EFL settings by highlighting evidence-based practices and persistent challenges. It offers actionable recommendations for future research.
Sports Brand Image, Sponsors' Portfolio, and Corporate Social Responsibility: A Systematic Review(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
The brand image is one of the most valuable assets of sports organizations. Companies' respect for their social responsibility is one of the essential tools for maintaining this asset. Sponsors enter a sponsorship program based on their social responsibility, portfolio, and brand image value. This study investigated the relationship between sponsors' portfolios, corporate social responsibility, and brand image and was conducted using a qualitative systematic review method. The available documents have been received using the specified keywords, and the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram was implemented based on valid electronic databases. The data extraction process was performed using MAXQDA 2020 software. Also, the quality of research was evaluated in two parts: quantitative and qualitative. Reviewing 71 documents examined 370 open sources, 54 concepts, and 10 categories in the three fields, including financial sponsor, social responsibility, and portfolio. The results showed that financial sponsors and portfolios are closely related and aligned. A sponsor social responsibility program is also planned and implemented based on the financial sponsor. The results of the social responsibility program will affect different parts and factors of the financial sponsor and portfolio by impacting the two parts of the sponsoring company and the consumer. This study examines the relations between the financial sponsor, sponsor portfolio, and corporate social responsibility axes. In this study, financial sponsorship, sponsor portfolio, and social responsibility are considered the three vertices of a triangle, addressed in less research.
Proposing a Model for Assessing Service Quality in Online Digital Sales Platforms(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Industrial Management Journal, Volume ۱۷, Issue ۴, ۲۰۲۵
160 - 198
حوزههای تخصصی:
Objective : Service quality is vital in securing competitive advantage, fostering sustainable growth, and improving organizational performance—especially within digital platforms. Despite its recognized importance, the concept of digital service quality remains underdefined in existing literature. This study aims to address this gap by (i) identifying the key dimensions of service quality in online sales platforms and (ii) uncovering the specific components within each dimension.
Methodology: As an exploratory research study, the systematic literature review employed the Kitchenham model to identify relevant studies and establish a theoretical foundation for assessing service quality in online sales. The model consists of three main phases and seven stages: planning, conducting the review, and reporting. The seven procedural steps in Kitchenham’s approach are as follows: (i) formulating research questions, (ii) developing a search strategy, (iii) determining selection criteria, (iv) searching, (v) selecting studies, (vi) extracting and analyzing data, and (vii) ensuring quality control.
Results : A systematic literature review since 1980, filtered by defined criteria, yielded 100 relevant sources using the Caldwell method. Through open coding, key components were extracted and grouped into categories, which were then clustered into three core themes for evaluating online store service quality: infrastructure, design, and trust. These encompass content relevance, responsiveness, credibility, and security.
Conclusion : The conceptual model developed from the identified themes and categories offers a foundation for evaluating online store service quality and may be validated through future qualitative or quantitative studies. Recommended directions for further research include investigating the underlying causes of consumer distrust and assessing the influence of emerging technologies—such as blockchain, crowdsourcing, and artificial intelligence—on the dynamics of service quality.
The Pedagogical Integration of Web 2.0 in K–12 English Teaching: A Systematic Review(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
حوزههای تخصصی:
Due to the high development of technology and limited research on pedagogical integration of web 2.0 in K-12 English classrooms, the objective of this study is to understand the web 2.0 technology integration in pedagogy in K-12 English classrooms in recent five years, find the gap, and provide insightful suggestions for further improvement. A systematic review with PRISMA 2020 guidance and theme analysis were conducted to achieve the research goal. The findings of the selected paper indicated that current English teachers valued technology-integrated content instruction, preferring to use more relevant and acceptable elements of teaching tools. The ongoing usage of adopting web 2.0 tool not only benefited students’ effective language learning but also enriched teachers’ teaching methods and improved teaching levels. Additionally, some obstacles were also revealed to web 2.0 tools' successful adoption in education, including the tool, teachers, and external influences. Relevant suggestions are made to improve the pedagogical integration of various tools.
The Neuroimaging Aspects of Second Language Learning in Educational Environment: A Systematic Review of Literature(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
منبع:
Applied Linguistics Inquiry (ALI), Vol ۳, No ۱, Spring ۲۰۲۵
87 - 107
حوزههای تخصصی:
Neuroimaging has a substantial pedagogical advantage when applied to language learners who are experiencing cognitive procedures during educational settings. Among such learners are L2 learners who may encounter new experiences that neuroimaging may be able to clarify. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether neuroimaging tools are capable of revealing more information about the experience of L2 learners. A systematic review of the literature on the use of neuroimaging in the context of L2 learning is presented in the study. According to a comprehensive search of numerous known databases, 19 articles met the criteria for extensive analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that neuroimaging tools can be used to reveal brain function during L2 learning. Furthermore, it may enable us to uncover brain function during the learning of L2 skills and its neural responses to them. Researchers have also mentioned the challenges in the implementation of neuroimaging tools in L2 procedures. In addition to presenting the testimonies found in the literature, it is emphasized that neuroimaging in L2 learning remains relatively unknown.