مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

Reliability


۱.

The Relationship between Translation Tests and Reading Comprehension: A Case of Iranian University Students(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات کاربردی زبان سال چهارم ۲۰۱۲ شماره ۱

کلیدواژه‌ها: Assessment Reading Comprehension Validity Translation Test Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۱۲۶ تعداد دانلود : ۶۱۸
The present study seeks to investigate the potentiality of the translation task as a testing method for measuring reading comprehension. To achieve this objective, two types of translation tests, open-ended and multiple-choice tests, and two types of reading comprehension tests, multiple-choice reading comprehension and open-ended cloze tests were developed in this study. The reliability of the tests was computed in order to estimate which translation test was more reliable and valid. Correlation coefficients were run in order to investigate whether translation tests worked as reliable and valid measures of reading comprehension, and to examine the relationship between proficiency in reading comprehension and proficiency in translation. The results indicate that the open-ended translation test is more reliable and valid than the multiple-choice one; translation has a high potentiality to work as a reliable and valid tool to assess reading comprehension; and there exists a high positive correlation between the participants’ proficiency in reading comprehension and their proficiency in translation. The findings of this study might have pedagogical implications for instructors. They may be justified to highlight the role of translation tests and benefit from them in their reading comprehension classes.
۲.

Development and Validation of Teacher Emotional Support Scale: a structural equation modeling approach(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۱, Spring & summer ۲۰۱۸ 137 - 160

کلیدواژه‌ها: Emotional support scale EFL Teachers structural equation modeling approach Reliability Validity

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۶۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۳۹
Reviewing the literature indicated that no validated model was found that examine the extent to which teachers support their students emotionally in EFL classrooms. Therefore the present study elaborated on this issue through developing and validating a teacher emotional support scale in an Iranian English foreign language context. Main components of the scale have been specified based on Hamre and Pianta's (2007)theoretical framework. A large number of items were created primarily based on operational definitions of each component. After reviewing the items by a group of experts, the questionnaire was piloted and tested on a sample of 324 EFL teachers. Finally, the researchers evaluated the validity of the questionnaire through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.The results of the reliability of the questionnaire estimated through Cronbach’s alpha were 0.833. 17 items have been removed from analysis resulting in identifying 4 factors in exploratory factor analysis. The model was evaluated using AMOS 22 also indicated that the model was fit the data.the current study contributes to the field of English language education through designing and validating new instrument to assess teacher emotional support in EFL classrooms. Researchers and other practitioners who are involved in teaching English language can assess the extent to which teachers support students emotionally in similar pedagogical EFL context using this instrument. They also need to encourage teachers to improve their emotional skills by participating in teacher training courses.
۳.

Investigating the Reliability and Factor Structure of the Self-Regulating Capacity in Vocabulary Learning (SRCvoc) in Iranian EFL Context(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۰, No.۲۰, Spring & Summer ۲۰۱۷ 169 - 186

کلیدواژه‌ها: self-regulation self-regulating capacity in vocabulary learning Exploratory Factor Analysis Reliability Validity

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۴۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۲۸
The present study aimed to investigate the reliability and factor structure of the self-regulating capacity in vocabulary learning strategies scale (SRCvoc) in the Iranian EFL context. To this end, the original (SRCvoc) questionnaire (Tseng, Dornyei, & Schmitt, 2006) was translated into Persian, using a translation/back-translation procedure. Then, the Persian version of the SRCVOC was piloted to 43 high school students and showed acceptable internal consistency reliability (α = .81). In the main phase of the study, a sample of 1167 high school students (grades 9-12) from fifteen high schools in three Iranian cities completed the Persian SRCvoc. Based on the results, the Persian version of the scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency reliability (<em>α </em>= 0.81). The factor structure of the translated version of the measure was investigated through a series of factor analyses. The results showed that the translated SVLSQ is composed of one dimension with five subcomponents, with a different factor structure as compared to the original questionnaire. The findings of the study suggest that the Persian version of the SVLSQ is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring self-regulatory vocabulary learning strategies in Iran. 
۴.

Replacing IFRS instead of Iranian accounting standard(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Advances in Mathematical Finance and Application, Volume ۲, Issue ۲, Spring ۲۰۱۷ 53 - 59

کلیدواژه‌ها: IFRS Iranin accounting standard Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۳۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱۰
Accounting standards, are rules governing how to do accounting work, and specify what information must be provided in financial reporting. The main objective of this study was to compare the stronger accounting standards against weaker accounting standards which in this study, we compare accounting standards of Iran and international standard in terms of Rents. The population of the research is institutions member of accounting community; that to collect theoretical principles of the study, library methods and to collect statistical information, questionnaires were used. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used for validity and reliability of questionnaire, and to analyse the data, Student's t-test, Kolmogorov - Smirnov test and Friedman test was used. SPSS21software was used to analysis. Time limit of this research involves the second half of 2016. The population of the investigation includes audit firms of Certified Public Accountants community. Findings from analysis of statistical data are at 95% reliability level, which reject us hypothesizes based on non-reliability, unsuitability and lack of understanding. We conclude that Iran's accounting standards relative to international standards from the perspective of professional judgment of auditors to determine the rent type, in terms of degree of reliability, intelligibility, functionality is more appropriate.
۵.

Investigating validity and reliability and factor analysis of Webster's Wisdom Questionnaire in Iran(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Learning and Memory, Volume ۱, Issue ۱, Spring ۲۰۱۸ 7 - 19

کلیدواژه‌ها: Webster's Wisdom Questionnaire Self-assessment Factor Analysis Validity Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۳۳ تعداد دانلود : ۴۳۹
Webster's Wisdom Questionnaire is a well-known self-assessment scale, which can cover a wide range of future wisdom studies. This research was conducted with the aim of factor analysis and examining the reliability and validity of Webster's Wisdom Questionnaire and to evaluate the relationship between wisdom and age and gender. This questionnaire contains 40 questions assessing the people's wisdom. In a cross-sectional study, 395 (293 males and 102 females) of Sanandaj city, selected by randomized cluster sampling, were assessed using Webster's Wisdom Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient, factor analysis and t-test. Using factor analysis, four factors of the proper use of experiences, emotional regulation, reflection, and humor were extracted. To assess the reliability of this questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha and Pearson correlation were used. The results revealed that this questionnaire had good convergent validity. In addition, the comparison of these factors between males and females indicated that females significantly obtained higher score than males in two factors of using the experiences and emotional regulation. Moreover, the high correlation of factors with the total score of the questionnaire and poor correlation of the factors with each other reflect the adequacy and efficiency of this questionnaire to be used by researchers, experts, and psychologists in Iran.
۶.

Quantifying Investment in Language Learning: Model and Questionnaire Development and Validation in the Iranian Context(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Issues in Language Teaching (ILT), Vol. ۷, No. ۱, June ۲۰۱۸ 25 - 56

کلیدواژه‌ها: Investment model questionnaire Validity Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۱۱ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۲
The present exploratory study aimed to provide a more tangible and comprehensive picture of the construct of investment in language learning through investigating the issue from a quantitative perspective. To this end, the present researchers followed three main phases. First, a hypothesized model of investment in language learning with six components was developed for the Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) learners based on the extensive readings of the literature on investment, consultations with a panel of experts, three university professors in the relevant fields, and interviews with 20 language learners. Second, a questionnaire was developed and validated based on the proposed model to represent its components. Finally, the data collected through this questionnaire were fed into the model to see to what extent the model fitted the data. The participants were male and female English language learners belonging to different age groups and English language proficiency levels.The initial results showed poor values; however, the model was trimmed by removing one item from the questionnaire, and final statistical indices showed that the model fitted the data.
۷.

Psychometric Properties of 3-, 4-, and 5-Option Item Tests: Do Test Takers’ Personality Traits Make a Difference?(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۱, No. ۱, ۲۰۱۹ 25 - 56

کلیدواژه‌ها: Item Difficulty item discrimination MC Test Personality Trait Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۹۷ تعداد دانلود : ۲۷۳
Prior research has yielded mixed results regarding what contributes psychometrically sound multiple-choice (MC) items. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, twofold: (a) to compare 3-, 4-, and 5-option multiple-choice (MC) tests in terms of psychometric characteristics, and (b) to investigate the relationships between three MC tests and five personality traits. To that end, 150 students were asked to answer three stem equivalent MC item tests. A Big Five Inventory was used to find students’ personality traits. Moreover, an attitude questionnaire was utilized to seek students’ opinions of these three MC tests. The results of one-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences for item difficulty, while no statistically significant differences were found for item discrimination and reliability across three MC tests. The results of the Pearson correlation showed no correlation between personality traits and three different versions of MC tests. The results of the attitude questionnaire indicated mixed views towards MC tests. The findings of this study suggest that test developers consider statistical, affective, and contextual factors in order to develop different formats of MC tests.
۸.

Psychometric Properties of Multiple Intelligence Developmental Assessment Scales (MIDAS) for Adults in the Iranian Context(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Issues in Language Teaching (ILT), Vol. ۸, No. ۱, June ۲۰۱۹ 165 - 194

کلیدواژه‌ها: Psychometric properties Persian-MIDAS-Adults Factor Analysis Reliability Validity

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۳۷ تعداد دانلود : ۳۹۴
This study reports psychometric properties and derivation of norms for a Persian version of the Multiple Intelligence Developmental Assessment Scales (MIDAS) for Adults. After examining and confirming equivalency between English and Persian versions, translated and validated by Saeidi, Ostovar, Shearer, and Asghari Jafarabadi (2015), the scale was administered to a sample (N = 2146), including students, undergraduates, graduates, and adults from different provinces in Iran. The participants were at least 19 years old and above (M = 29.40, SD = 2.26). Out of 2146 samples, 1103 females and 1043 were males. To examine the validity and reliability properties of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach Alpha (α) reliability correlation coefficients, and corrected item-total correlations were employed. Exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation identified eight principal components, which accounted for 67.21% of the variance for 115 items. The internal consistency coefficient (α = .92; ranging from 0.89 to 0.93) was also very high. The confirmatory analysis generally replicated the original conceptualization of the MIDAS. According to the results, the Persian-MIDAS-adults questionnaire has good psychometric properties in the research community and can be safely used as a valid tool to assess MI in Iran.
۹.

Validity and Reliability Reports in Applied Linguistics Research Articles: The case of tests and questionnaire

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۷, Issue ۲۸, Winter ۲۰۱۹ 121-134

کلیدواژه‌ها: Validity Reliability Applied linguistics test questionnaire

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۵۵ تعداد دانلود : ۲۶۰
This study intended to determine the way validity and reliability i.e., psychometric properties were reported in the Applied Linguistics research articles. The study also focused on the measurement methods applied to determine the validity and reliability of the scores derived from the tests and questionnaires in the empirical studies. The corpus of the study included 331 empirical studies derived from 733 research articles (RAs) published between 2005 and 2018 in three prominent Applied Linguistics journals – Applied Linguistics, Modern Language Journal, and TESOL Quarterly, The selected papers used test and/or questionnaire for data collection. Our analysis indicated that 77(20.98%) of the studies did not report validity and reliability measures, 82(22.35%) reported only reliability measures, 26(7.08%) reported only validity measures, and 182(49.59%) reported both the validity and reliability measures for the instruments. It was also found that content validity assessed through the pilot study had the highest frequency among validity evidences while internal consistency, mostly identified by Cronbach's alpha, was the most frequent reliability evidence.
۱۰.

Evaluation of the Validity and Reliability of a Communicative Scale for Translation Quality Assessment

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۵, Issue ۱۷, Spring ۲۰۱۷ 85 - 98

کلیدواژه‌ها: PACTE TQA Construct validity Reliability Psycho-motor Mechanism Scale

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۴۴ تعداد دانلود : ۲۵۱
The present study assessed the construct validity and reliability of a researcher-constructed psycho-motor mechanism scale based on the communicative theory of translation proposed by PACTE (2003). In doing so, the necessary criteria for designing the scale were obtained by a thorough review of related literature on previously constructed scales in error analysis or holistic ones. Moreover, in the first part of the research, a qualitative data analysis according to the translation tasks done by eleven participants and their feedback through a semi-structured translation problems interview was done for finding the descriptors in designing the psycho-motor mechanism scale. Next, by designing the scale, two translation tasks were given to 90 M.A. students majoring in Translation Studies at four different branches of Islamic Azad University. Based on the rating done by two experienced raters, construct validity and reliability of the scale was revealed by the use of factor analysis and correlation statistics. The findings approved by the construct validity and reliability of the researcher-constructed scale could contribute to the field of Translation Studies since having a more objective scale for translation tasks in line with anchored theories of translation quality assessment like those of PACTE (2003) is a felt need.
۱۱.

Language Learners' Imagined Communities: Model and Questionnaire Development in the Iranian Context(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۹ , N. ۲ , ۲۰۲۰ 155 - 182

کلیدواژه‌ها: imagined communities model questionnaire Iran Validity Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۹۵ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱۴
This study aimed to overcome the researchers' extreme attention to essentially qualitative methods in research on language learners' imagined communities and move towards quantification in order to achieve a more tangible image of this construct. To do so, the present researchers followed three main phases. First, a hypothesized model of language learners' imagined communities with eight components was developed for the Iranian context based on the wide-ranging readings of the literature on imagined communities, consultations with experts and interviews with language learners. Second, a questionnaire was developed and validated based on the model to represent its components. Finally, the data collected through the questionnaire were fed into the model to see to what extent the model fit the data. The initial results showed poor values; however, the model was trimmed by removing one item from the questionnaire, and final statistical indices showed that the model was fit.
۱۲.

The Process of Enhancing Validity, Reliability, and Ethics in Research(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۲, No. ۲, ۲۰۲۰ 59 - 88

کلیدواژه‌ها: ELT research Validity Reliability ethics

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۳۴۸ تعداد دانلود : ۲۰۱
Many types of research are carried out in the field of ELT. Therefore, different types of studies are performed by post-graduate students, teachers, professors, and researchers. However, the main concern of the present article is that whether the post-graduate students, teachers, and professors have the necessary knowledge on three important research points: validity, reliability, and ethics. To this end, this article discusses these three issues and sheds some light on them. In fact, validity is concerned with the correctness of inferences according to the results and instruments. Meanwhile, reliability deals with the quality and consistency of the data collection procedures. In order to calculate the reliability of the data, Cohen Kappa’s inter-rater agreement is presented and explained by means of a vivid example. Finally, ethics is an area of moral philosophy concerning the rules by which behavior needs to be directed. Finally, some means and ways of increasing and enhancing the validity, reliability, and ethics of the research are introduced and elaborated on. By providing comprehensive details and vivid examples, this article can be useful and helpful to post-graduate students, teachers, professors, and researchers in carrying out research and ensuring and quarantining their data, data collection procedures, and instruments.
۱۳.

Psychometric Properties of the Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-F) at the Emerging Adulthood(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: iranian journal of educational sociology, Vol ۴, Number ۲ (۲۰۲۱) 139-148

کلیدواژه‌ها: Friendship Self-Regulation Vitality Basic Psychological Needs Factor Structure Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۸۳۲ تعداد دانلود : ۳۱۶
Perpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-F) in students. Methodology: In a descriptive-correlation and validation study, 216 and 226 graduate students from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad selected through multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using the Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Ryan & Connell, 1989), Basic Need Satisfaction in Relationships (LaGuardia, et all, 2002) and Subjective Vitality Scale-State level Version (Ryan & Frederick, 1997). Internal consistency, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity were analyzed. Findings: The results showed that the scale had four-factor structure with the variance explained 67.20%. The confirmatory factor analysis was confirmed. The scale had good construction reliability. The criterion validity confirmed in relation to basic need satisfaction in relationships and subjective vitality in friendship (P≤0.01). Conclusion: The Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-F) had good internal consistency as well as exploratory and confirmatory validity in students. This questionnaire can be used as a valid instrument in future studies.
۱۴.

Designing and Validating a Comprehensive Questionnaire to Assess Online Interaction Learning Model

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Language Testing, Volume ۱۱, Issue ۲, Summer and Autumn ۲۰۲۱ 34 - 50

کلیدواژه‌ها: confirmatory factor analysis constructivist learning theory Exploratory Factor Analysis online Interaction Learning Model Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۳۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴۱
The Online Interaction Learning Model was founded on constructivist learning theory. It is an input-process-output model based on moderating variables, the inputs, which includes all of the characteristics of the courses, the instructors, EFL learners, and the technology. Due to the fact that the studies considering the pivotal role of the Online Interaction Learning Model are scarce in number, this study was conducted to validate a newly-designed questionnaire via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Two hundred fifty-nine Iranian university and higher education institutes EFL learners were asked to participate. The newly-developed questionnaire consisted of 35 items measuring the five constructs of the Online Interaction Learning Model (Course materials, Instructor performance, Learning practices, Student-to-student interaction, and Access to technology). The results from EFA, CFA, and reliability analyses revealed that the new questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument measuring Online Interaction Learning Model. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between each component of the Online Interaction Learning Model and EFL learners’ GPA as well as between the total Online Interaction Learning Model and student academic achievement. Male and female EFL learners’ scores on the online interaction learning model were quite different from each other.
۱۵.

Validation of C-test Among Afghan Students of English as a foreign Language

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Language Testing, Volume ۱۱, Issue ۲, Summer and Autumn ۲۰۲۱ 109 - 121

کلیدواژه‌ها: C-Test Reduced Redundancy Principle Validation Reliability Afghan Learners

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۲۵ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۵
Abstract Addressing the limitations and criticisms of cloze tests, Klein-Braley and Raatz suggested a modified version of the cloze test called the C-test where the ‘C’ stands for cloze. They introduced the C-test as a better representation of the reduced-redundancy principle. In C-tests, several shorter texts involving a larger number of items completed within a shorter amount of time while cloze tests usually consist of one or two longer texts with less items. This study reports on the results of a research program carried out to validate the C-test amongst Afghan EFL learners. One hundred advanced English majors were administered two different language tests namely a language proficiency test (composed of listening, reading, and writing) and a C-test composed of four different texts to measure the overall language ability of the participants. Various analyses were to measure the validity and reliability of the C-test. The results of the study confirmed that the C-test is a reliable and valid test which can be used as a general English language proficiency test among Afghan students of English as a foreign language.
۱۶.

A Survey on Intercultural Contact (IC) among Iranian EFL Students: Validating a Questionnaire(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۴, No.۲۹, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۱ 19 - 40

کلیدواژه‌ها: intercultural contact Validity Reliability EFL students

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۴۰۷ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳۰
Intercultural contact (IC) among students has received a great prominence in EFL and ESL contexts in recent years; therefore, this study was an attempt to modify and validate a questionnaire as an instrument to elicit the resources from which Iranian EFL students obtain their IC information. To reach this aim, a modified version of Peng and Wu’s questionnaire with 26 items and five factors was administered among 200 male and female Iranian EFL students from different language institutes in Tabriz, Iran. To determine the reliability and validity of the modified questionnaire, the statistical analyses of the model and fitness of the questionnaire were conducted by SmartPLS3 software. The results of reliability analyses using three measures of Cronbach’s alpha, combined reliability (CR) and average variance extraction (AVE) demonstrated that the questionnaire has a good reliability. Moreover, the results of construct crossvalidated communality (Q²) proved the construct validity of the questionnaire. Additionally, the results of correlation coefficient matrix and p value for all the latent variables demonstrated that all the paths and relationships in the model are significant and the model is a good fit. This study also clarifies the implication of such a questionnaire for ELT and presents some suggestions for future studies.
۱۷.

Preliminary Analysis of Psychometric Properties of Speech Anxiety Thoughts Inventory (SATI)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of preventive Counselling, Volume ۲, Issue ۳, October ۲۰۲۱ 1 - 12

کلیدواژه‌ها: Speech anxiety Reliability Validity students

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۳۶ تعداد دانلود : ۹۸
This study aimed to evaluate causal explanation of the relationship between emotional expression and marital maladjustment based on the mediating role of empathy among divorce stage couples. This research conducted through a descriptive method and the study design was correlation in the form of path analysis. The statistical population consisted all couples applied for divorce (aged 30-50) who referred to the counseling centers of the Judiciary in Tehran during 2020-2021. The sample size determined 396 cases and selected through convenience sampling method. In order to collect the information, standard questionnaires of marital maladjustment, couple empathy, and emotional expression were used. Data's analyzed in the SPSS 21 and AMOS 24 software's. Data analysis showed the model fit of emotional expression relationship with marital maladjustment by mediated role of couple's empathy. The model explained about 34% of the variance of marital maladjustment in divorce applicants. Based on these findings, it can be said that the relationship between marital maladjustment and emotional expression is not a direct relationship and factors such as marital empathy can strengthen or weaken this relationship, so in trainings related to emotional expression, it is suggested to consider these variables.
۱۸.

The impact of service quality on improving loyal behaviors (Case study of customers of wrestling sports complexes in Kermanshah province)

نویسنده:
منبع: Humanistic Approach to Sport and Exercise Studies, Volume ۲, Issue ۳ Summer ۲۰۲۲ 269-277

کلیدواژه‌ها: Ship lounges Customer loyalty Communication word of mouth Reliability

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۶۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۶
Today, competition to improve the quality of services is recognized as a critical strategic issue for sports venues. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of service quality on improving loyal behaviors. (A case study of customers of wrestling sports complexes in Kermanshah province). The research method was descriptive-correlational and was conducted in the field. The study's statistical population was the customers of wrestling halls in Kermanshah province. In this study, 450 people were considered as the statistical sample of the study by random cluster sampling. Bonajsui's (2012) Research Work Questionnaire was used to measure research variables. Univariate and multivariate regression and the Friedman test were used to analyze the data. The regression test results showed that the service quality variable has a predictive power of about 18% of the variance of communication quality. Furthermore, the results showed that the variables of personnel responsiveness, reliability, and trust in personnel could be significant predictors of the communication quality component. Also, the results showed that the variable of communication quality could be a significant predictor for the components of loyal behavior, word of mouth, purchasing desire, and dissatisfaction. The study's results showed that the quality of services affects the quality of communication. According to the results, the responsiveness of the complex staff, reliability, and trust in the personnel have a positive effect on the quality. At the same time, no relationship was found between the tangibles and empathy components with the relationship's quality. According to the results, improving the quality of services in sports complexes and the quality of customer relations are the main factors in the occurrence of loyal customer behaviors and their reappearance in the future.
۱۹.

Construction and Validation of Dimensions and Components of the Organizational Anomie Scale in Order to Provide a Native Model in Government Hospitals(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of System Management, Volume ۸, Issue ۲, Spring ۲۰۲۲ 57 - 73

کلیدواژه‌ها: organizational anomie Validity Reliability Hospital COVID-19 Factor Analysis

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۵۹ تعداد دانلود : ۱۲۶
Organizational anomie (OA) is defined as the lack of law, as well as violations or weaknesses in the implementation of laws and norms in the organization, which can have detrimental effects on the performance of the organization and its members. The main focus of this study is to establish and validate an organizational anomie scale that can be employed to implement and operate this tool in field studies. The present research is applied-exploratory in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. To conduct this research, issues related to organizational anomie using factor analysis approach and content analysis method of scientific texts as well as from the perspective of qualified and experienced thinkers and experts and a researcher-made questionnaire on organizational anomie in COVID-19 pandemic are analyzed. it placed. Completed by experts and managers. The reliability coefficient of the test was calculated to be 0.85 using Cronbach's alpha test. Exploratory factor analysis of organizational questions revealed that the components of this questionnaire may explain more than 78.512 % of the desired variance. After one rotation of Varimax factors, the correlation between each item with each component was determined in the best situation and accordingly, twelve components were selected and extracted with the most weight: conflicting goals of the individual and organization, weakness in communication, standard selection ,ambiguity in goals, level of trustworthiness, negative attitude of employees towards themselves, feeling useless, understanding justice, weak control, common norms, organizational indifference, lack of socialization. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that organizational anomie is a multidimensional concept with many dimensions and components and cannot be studied with limited dimensions and components.
۲۰.

Reliability and Validity of Self-Assessments among Iranian EFL University Students

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Language Testing, Volume ۱۳, Issue ۱, Winter and Spring ۲۰۲۳ 225 - 235

کلیدواژه‌ها: learner-centered teaching learner autonomy Self-assessment Reliability Validity

حوزه های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۲۱۶ تعداد دانلود : ۲۰۹
Modern teaching practices emphasize learner autonomy and learner-centered approaches to language learning. Such teaching methods require corresponding assessment approaches. Self-assessment is viewed as an assessment mode which matches modern learner-centered teaching methodologies. However, the validity and reliability of self-assessments are not yet conclusively established. This study aimed to provide validity and reliability evidence for self-assessments among Iranian EFL university learners. The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) Self-Assessment Grid was translated into Persian and was given to a sample of Iranian undergraduate students of English. A C-Test battery containing four passages was used as a criterion for concurrent validation. Self-assessments of university EFL learners were examined for internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Findings showed that while self-assessments are highly reliable they lack validity as evidenced with low correlations between components of self-assessment grid and the C-Test. The implications of the study for the application of self-assessments in foreign language education are discussed.