مطالب

There appears to be a link between EFL teachers’ personality traits, teaching techniques, and classroom management strategies. This survey study aimed to investigate the differences between the extroverted and introverted Iranian EFL teachers’ specific teaching techniques of classroom management. Accordingly, forty male and female Iranian EFL teachers teaching at the ILI (Iran Language Institute) from Mazandaran, Iran were selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Based on the scores they obtained from the Persian translation of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) Questionnaire, they were grouped as extroverted and introverted participants. Then the Teacher Classroom Management Strategies Questionnaire (owned by The Incredible Years, Inc. USA, 2012) was used to see how often the participants use specific teaching techniques and how useful they find each technique for managing their classroom. The independent samples t-test indicated a significant difference between the extroverted and introverted Iranian EFL teachers’ specific teaching techniques of classroom management. Based on the results, extroverted EFL teachers were better than introverted ones at using specific teaching techniques of classroom management. The findings suggested that teachers should be aware of their personality traits in order to better understand themselves and to find the best types of techniques for better classroom management.

Objective: Participating in sports has many benefits for children, but sometimes there are some problems that make a series of worries and stress in their parents. Therefore, the current research was carried out to identify factors reducing parents’ stress while their children participate in sports activities.Methods:  The present study is practical in terms of its purpose and was conducted qualitatively via using the descriptive phenomenological method. The participants in the research consisted of university faculty members in the psychology department, sports psychologists, sports instructors, and parents in 2023. The sampling method was purposeful, and the interviews continued in a semi-structured manner up to number 14.Results: Effective Factors in reducing parents' stress during their children's participation in sports activities include 6 main contents: motivational awareness; factors relating to parents, children themselves, instructors, and peer groups; and the structure of sports places and clubs, which form a total of 48 sub-contents.Conclusion: Some of the most important themes expressed in the current research include proper interaction between parents, children, and club coaches, no verbal or physical violence by instructors towards elementary-aged children, and favorable relationships between children and their friends in the club.

Purpose: The present study aimed to constructing and validating a questionnaire of factors affecting victimization in cyberspace in teenage Girls. Methods and Materials: The research employed a mixed-methods approach, specifically an exploratory sequential design and a tool development model. Initially, in the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with adolescent girls who had experienced cybervictimization at the secondary school level, as well as their parents, in Isfahan, Iran. Participants were purposefully selected, and data saturation was achieved after interviewing eight adolescents, followed by interviews with their parents. The qualitative analysis was performed using the Colaizzi method and MaxQDA software. The factors influencing cybervictimization from the perspectives of both adolescents and parents were identified, which led to the development of an initial questionnaire for the quantitative phase. The quantitative phase used a survey method, and a sample of 384 female students from secondary schools in districts 3, 4, and 6 of Isfahan, studying in the academic year 2023-2024, was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. After a preliminary trial with 45 students, the questionnaire was administered to the main sample to evaluate its validity and reliability. Data analysis was performed using LISREL 7 and SPSS 28 software. The content validity of the questionnaire was assessed by experts, and construct validity was determined through confirmatory factor analysis. Findings: The questionnaire showed convergent validity with the Young Internet Addiction

Management is an effective and goal-oriented process that guides an organization. This guidance involves five sequential functions: planning, organizing, leading, coordinating, and controlling and evaluating. The fundamental knowledge of management, or the management process, has been present even in ancient civilizations such as those of the Iranians, Egyptians, Sumerians, and others. In Islamic civilization, we have had grand and civilizational management systems. Today, the successful implementation of an HSE (Health, Safety, and Environment) management system depends on the participation of all employees. Given that job satisfaction can influence employee performance, this study aims to model the relationship between job satisfaction and the HSE performance of Pars Oil and Gas Company employees. The statistical population of this research consists of all employees of Pars Oil and Gas Company (N = 5300). Using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling, 360 employees were selected as the sample. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, and to ensure its validity, the opinions of several university faculty members were used. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was applied to confirm the reliability, yielding values of 0.79 for job satisfaction and 0.83 for HSE performance. The results indicate a positive and significant relationship between job satisfaction and HSE performance (P-value < 0.01). The regression results show that, in two steps, the indices of job natureand security and safety, which had the highest impact on HSE performance, were included in the analysis. In the first step, the job nature index explains 59% of thevariance in the response variable (HSE performance), and in the second step, with the inclusion of the security and safety index, this figure increases to 63%