مطالب

Background : The increasing demand for flexible, resilient, and high-performance telecommunication systems—especially in dynamic environments—has led to growing interest in the use of autonomous drones. Their mobility and adaptability make drone swarms a promising solution for enhancing communication networks, particularly in 6G and edge computing applications. Objective : This study explores the application of drone swarms to improve network formation, synchronization, and resilience in both urban and rural telecommunication scenarios, with an emphasis on their feasibility, robustness, and adaptability. Method : A series of simulations were conducted using multi-agent coordination algorithms and network optimization models under varying conditions. Key performance indicators including Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), latency, energy efficiency, and system reliability were evaluated across different deployment scenarios. Results : The findings indicate that drone swarms achieved a 92% PDR, a significant improvement over the 75% observed in static wireless network (WN) bases. Additionally, average latency decreased by 35%, while energy efficiency increased by 28%. The swarm-based system maintained robust performance even with up to 20% node loss, demonstrating strong fault tolerance and adaptability. Conclusion : The study confirms the potential of drone swarms as a scalable and resilient solution to address critical telecommunication challenges such as disaster response, rural connectivity, and real-time data transmission. Future work should focus on addressing remaining deployment barriers, including regulatory concerns and seamless integration with existing telecommunications infrastructure.

Background: The availability of advanced digital technology and evolving need for high speed and low latency connections have put pressures on the existing optical fiber networks. New technologies like the Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs), Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) and Quantum Communication will be valuable towards the achievement of these demands. Objective: The study examines the capability, expansiveness, and cost-effectiveness of current and emerging optical fiber systems for the development of future Internet technology. The research also seeks to assess these formations to improve data transmission rates, network response time, secure and efficient networks’ solutions. Methods: This is a mixed methods study where both experimental and computational data were collected and analyzed accompanied by theoretical insight. The results that were compared included transmission rate, spectral efficiency, signal integrity and lifecycle costs. Specific work was done on multi-band WDM, PIC-based systems, optical QKD along with simulation studies on large scalable multi-core and mode-division architectures. Results: The article samples acknowledge improved network capabilities with increased transits per watt by 300% in multi-band WDM and reduction of latency levels by employing edge computing. The tested PIC-based systems were shown to be more efficient than the comparable existing systems and quantum communication proved to be reliable method for transmitting data over short to medium distances. Conclusion: Today, it can be stated that the advanced optical fiber technologies are of great value for the construction of high speed, large bandwidth and secure Internet connection. Their integration can reportedly conquer future connectivity issues but new development is required to come over the barriers of deployment and sustainability.

This research aims to model the accounting of startup companies within the financial business ecosystem.This research is philosophically based on the interpretivist paradigm and was conducted with an inductive approach. It is also applied - developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method and data collection timeframe. A nested research design was used to achieve the research objective. The research participants included theoretical experts (professors of financial management and accounting) and empirical experts (managers of startup companies). Theoretical sampling was used until theoretical saturation was reached, and eventually, 24 individuals participated in the study. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire based on a decision matrix. The validity of the interview was confirmed based on four criteria: credibility, transferability, confirmability, and dependability. The reliability of the qualitative section was estimated to be favorable by calculating Holst's coefficient at 0.817 and Cohen's Kappa coefficient at 0.706. Data analysis was performed using grounded theory in the qualitative section and the SWARA method in the quantitative section. Based on the research model, it was determined that causal conditions (technical factors, managerial factors, governmental factors, and accounting factors) influence the core phenomenon (startup accounting). The core phenomenon, contextual conditions (financial business ecosystem infrastructure and financial business ecosystem financial resources), and intervening conditions (financial business ecosystem regulations) influence strategies and actions (technological strategy and financial strategy). This research provides a comprehensive model for understanding startup accounting within the financial business ecosystem. The findings highlight the critical influence of technical, managerial, governmental, and accounting-related factors on core accounting practices. Furthermore, the interplay between these practices, the broader ecosystem infrastructure, financial resources, and the regulatory framework shapes startups' strategic decisions (both technological and financial). These strategic choices, in turn, directly affect both the financial and non-financial performance outcomes of these nascent firms. The model underscores the need for a nuanced approach to startup accounting that takes into account the specific context of the financial business ecosystem.