درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

The study of the role of some Western-affiliated factors, especially the colonial identities in the Persian Gulf in the imposed war against Iran, based on the occurrence and continuation of this war reflects the inadequacies of British colonial heritage in the periphery of Iran. The slogan of independence from the East and the West and the reaction of the sheiks of the Persian Gulf region showed the extent of their reliance on supra-regional powers. This is the basis of the behavior of some of Iran's neighbors towards the slogans of independence and freedom of the Islamic Revolution. Therefore, the behavior and performance of the sheikhdoms of the Persian Gulf during the imposed war indicated their connection with Western colonialism.This article seeks to answer the basic question of the role of the colonial identity of the Persian Gulf sheikhdoms in their behavior and action in the face of war by examining historical documents and based on the method of library studies and analytical methods and by explaining the historical identity of the Persian Gulf sheikhdoms. Has it been imposed on Iran for eight years? The results of this study indicate that the requirements of historical and political identity have played a decisive role in the degree of support or opposition of this sheikhdom to independent currents based on indigenous and Islamic identity and this is the basis for their efforts to strike. Hitting the interests of Iranian revolutionaries in the form of imposed war.

The recent geopolitical transformations that have seen a strengthening of India-U.S. bilateral relations along with strained U.S.-Iran and U.S.-China ties have pushed India into a difficult strategic position with Iran.  Along with the heightened India-China tensions, the proposed China-Iran deal gives China more leverage with Iran, impacting India’s long-term strategic economic relations with the latter. The recent agreements and partnership between Iran and China reflected in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the draft 25- year Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (CSP) will pave the way for long-term strategic cooperation between the two countries. The agreement per se and the growing closer ties between Beijing and Tehran can have challenges for India's relations with Iran and interests in the Persian Gulf region. Nonetheless, it is unlikely to affect India-Iran bilateral ties that remain robust seriously and has withstood challenges earlier, and the comprehensive strategic partnership shall not be an exception. India’s stake in the situation hinges on its interest in Iranian natural gas reserves and its desire for continued participation in the Chabahar port project with Iran. With the deal now inked and considering India’s changing geopolitical and security environment vis-a-vis China, what are the key implications of the China-Iran pact for India? How can New Delhi respond to Beijing’s major drive to support Tehran?

Development and progress as a complex concept based on a process have various dimensions and levels usually studied in economic, political, social, and cultural development. Political development is one of the essential dimensions and indicators critical in theories and approaches to development in schools of thought and political sociology studies. While defining and clarifying the concept of "Political Excellence" and recognising the differences between it and the idea of "Political Development" and introducing the indicators of this exploratory concept, the present article examines them in terms of content from Ayatollah Khamenei's perspective. The main question is about the place of political excellence idea and progress in Ayatollah Khamenei's political thought. In response, it should be said that in his view, political excellence will be achieved by considering local conditions and domestic equipment, which is a new viewpoint and an acceptable model to replace with the concept of Western political development. Explaining the concept of political excellence, while considering the Western models of development unsuccessful, emphasising the indigenous Iranian-Islamic model of progress, he expressed seven signs and indicators for the desired model of political excellence and improvement, some of which, such as struggle, the spirit of risk-taking and discipline, the foundations of Islamic epistemology and attention to the two dimensions of human [body and soul], are the prelude to excellence and progress, and others, such as ensuring the independence of the country, producing the science and realising the social justice, is the result of excellence and improvement. In explaining the manifestations of political excellence and progress, he also expresses characteristics of the people such as awareness and insight, participation and presence in scenes and elections, and public monitoring and unity.