درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES : Iran's 1979 Islamic Revolution, led by the Imam Khomeini, kicked off a new era in interaction between the clergy and the government; an interaction which has taken shape and been institutionalized at different levels of regulation, legislation and execution, and for sure within the framework of the views of the Leader of the Islamic Revolution and adopted laws. The Imam Khomeini's views about government-clergy interaction bears significance from two aspects; First and foremost, he was instrumental in the emergence of the Islamic Revolution and the ensuing establishment of the Islamic Republic, and also the stabilization of the role of leadership; Second, the criteria he has defined about clergy-government interaction could be an acceptable index for the assessment of their status quo. METHOD AND FINDING : The methodology of this article originally pursues an approach based on text analysis and hermeneutics although historical analysis is incorporated. For this reason, this article seeks to know the model of clergy-government interaction which is sketched out based on the Imam Khomeini's standpoint and specifically his 22-volume Sahifeh. The research hypothesis is that the model of clergy-government interaction preached by the Imam Khomeini relies on religious beliefs and the structure of an Islamic society with a view to monitoring the government and guiding people and making the life for its nation (Ommat) meaningful. CONCLUSION : The results of the research showed that this article highlights the Shia ideology before discussing the standing of the supreme authority on religious matters (Marja'), Shia political discourse and the process of its formation throughout different periods, as well as the new potentialities of the Islamic Revolution like institution of supreme clerical rule (Velayat-e Faqih) and religious democracy which is an influential factor in the formation and development of the Shia political discourse.

SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES : Due to the outbreak of a virus from the corona family called Covid-19, which has infected millions of people around the world, the subject of the possibility or impossibility of Government responsibility for infectious diseases is a global issue. It is the Government's duty to act in order to improve human life, and this is in accordance with its existential philosophy. This debate originates from the capabilities and powers that are monopolized by Government. It is believed that, by resorting to the authority and discretions of a conventional Government, it can prevent the spread of many infectious diseases to a large extent and in case of negligence in performing tasks, must be liable. This is the initial question: Why should the Government be liable for infectious disease which it had no role in creating it? METHOD AND FINDING : In this paper, by descriptive and analytical method and by collecting library resources, the continuity and relation between the responsibility of the Government and infectious diseases will be discussed. The Right to Life and the Right to Health are the basis of legal authority to intervene in the field of infectious diseases. CONCLUSION : Public Law and Human Rights has a special view of infectious diseases and some statutes provide for Emergency Situations. Governments are committed to taking the most effective measures possible to prevent spread of infectious diseases. According to the findings of this study, during Corona, these liabilities for the Government can be enumerated: Identification, Determining the liable authorities and institution, Education, Responsibility for prevention and treatment, Establish and expand insurance protections, Compensation for victims, Judicial and political Responsibility. In Iran, it is necessary to design a comprehensive system for exceptional situations such as pandemics.