درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

SUBJECT AND OBJECTIVES : Most of those with a materialistic mindset believe that religion has no place in this technological age; That is to say, for the progress and salvation of man in this modern age, man is in no need of a religious belief, as it is considered obsolete. In the religious worldview, however, faith is a light that gives direction to life and it is one of the crucial requisites for salvation in this world and the Hereafter. Thus, the primary aim of this study is to examine the role of faith (i.e) in attaining a goodly pure life in this modern age in the light of verse 97 of Surah al-Naml. METHOD AND FINDING : The methodology used in this research work was a descriptive-analytical research method in which the available data are analyzed based on logical and textual evidence. The outcome of this research showed that the life of a faithful is indeed worthy and ideal, while a life that is devoid of it is a worthless and imperfect one. CONCLUSION : Similarly, a goodly pure life without faith in God and righteous deeds is infeasible. For it is only under the shadow of faith that man could attain both material and spiritual developments.

In Islam, no ruling, including Wājib and Ḥarām, is unreasonable, and certainly the ruling on banning music and Ghinā is due to the corruptions in them and what entertains human beings and make them unaware of something and deviate them from religious beliefs is considered Lahw that can also be seen in Ghinā, and religious scholars, citing verses and hadiths on Ghinā , in cases such as: the income of Singing women, who are entered by men and is accompanied by fun and debauchery and false words, buying and selling Ghinā maids and teaching and hearing their voices, a voice and tone of the people of immorality and sin, are forbidden in the Qur'an, prayers and lamentations, etc. And mezmar, drumming, playing oud, tar, daf... are some of the instruments of Ḥarām Ghinā and music, but in Islamic societies, there is a difference of opinion among people regarding the Ḥarām and Ḥalāl music, which raises doubts, because today, instead of paying attention to being Ḥarām or Ḥalāl Ghinā , as a popular job among men and women, is associated with debauchery, men and women are mixed, schools are set up, reproduced and distributed, and new musical instruments are used, so in this background it is necessary to provide solutions by music scholars as well as from a religious perspective by religious authorities and scholars.   

Shari’at Sanglaji, as one of the activists of the contemporary Shia Qur'an-Sufficiency attitude, seeks to narrow the scope of personal exegesis   with anything other than the interpretation of the Qur'an to the Qur'an. Updating the religion by purifying it from non-Qur'anic teachings is the ideal of the defenders of this movement. This research critiques this religious rethinking approach by a descriptive-analytical method. Shari’at Sanglaji, through understanding the Qur'anic phrases, concludes that the Nubuwwah and Wilayah Sunnah are not original in anything other than Āyāt al-Aḥkām, and emphasizes the need to interpret the Qur'an in the light of other verses, as the best and only source for the correct interpretation of verses. He considers a non-independent role for the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) in explaining the divine verses and considers them as the commentator of the Prophet’s Sunnah (PBUH), and not the commentator of the Qur’an’s verses. Among the contradictions of this approach with Imamiyyah thoughts are incompatibility with the nature of intercession, a shaky position for the intellect in interpreting verses, and the fallacy of referring to the companions in referring to the interpretation of the Qur'an without any explanation regarding accepting the narrations received from them. Most Imamiyyah theologians emphasize the position of the Prophet and the saints in the direct news of God and organizing the spiritual and social life of the people, as well as the authority that God has given to the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his esteemed saints. And they consider obedience to the Prophet and the saints necessary because of their immunity from sin and error in personal and social actions. From this perspective, intercession is impossible without God's permission, and the authority of intercession is expressed.   

Raising issues thereby man is guided to the Right Path, the Holy Qur’an refers to scientific issues. One of the most important axes in the Qur’an is the origin and creation of man. The quality of his creation and the origin of his life are discussed fluently in 76 verses of 41 Surahs. With the growth of embryology in the twentieth century, some have sought to adapt such verses to it to clarify the truths of the Qur’an to the audience, while others have challenged such verses and raised misconceptions such as inconsistency of embryonic stages in the Qur’an with the embryology, semen coming out of the spine and ribs (solb and tarā’ib), devaluating semen, the creation of the fetus from the male sperm and not paying attention to the role of the female sperm, determining the time of the fetus sex, descripting sperm as amshāj, the difference of ‘alaq without “tā” and with “tā”, the difference between the adding letters of “thumma”, “fā”, and so on. As a result, the confirmation of embryological knowledge by the valuable Qur’anic teachings in the study of human creation is proved. Also the mentioned misconceptions have basic problems, for the issues referred in the Qur’an are consistent with the findings of modern science, as well as, there are reasonable answers to all these doubts and differences.

In the Qur’anic verses and Islamic hadiths, human values rank such a high status that religious leaders have also emphasized to respect these values. Altruism and serving humans - in all religions and denominations - have also been emphasized by religious leaders theoretically and practically. Paying attention to such values can play an important role in the solidarity of human societies and the peaceful life of different ethnic groups and nationalities. Human values have also been considered by Iranian writers and mystics, some of whom have reflected those valuable lessons in their Persian poems and texts. Despite blind prejudices, “Religious Enlightenment” requires that those life-giving and altruistic teachings be discussed by scholars.

The illegal proliferation of small arms constitutes a major source of destruction to lives and properties and exacerbates ethnic and religious tensions leading to full-fledge conflicts. However, by employing failed state theory as theoretical framework,a failed state is one that has shattered social and political structures. It is characterized by social, political and economic failure. It is the collapse of state institutions, especially the police and judiciary with resulting paralysis of governance, a breakdown of law and order, and general banditry and chaos. Common characteristics of a failing state is when a central government is so weak or ineffective that it has little practical control over much of its territory, non-provision of public utilities or services, widespread corruption and criminality; refugees and involuntary movement of populations, and sharp economic decline. Using the above theory, the research found that, many factors are responsible for the illegal proliferation of SALW in Nigeria, but the prominent include porosity of Nigerian borders,arms traffickers exploit this situation to smuggle SALW into the country. wide spread insecurity in the country which Nigerians and cooperate organizations have lost confidence in the state and its security agencies to guarantee security hence, individuals, groups and cooperate bodies have to provide security for themselves through various means. These private securities and vigilantes are armed sometimes with illegal weapons. Arming of private security is part of the motivational force for the proliferation of small arms in Nigeria.However, corruptioncreates breeding grounds for the proliferation of small arms and light weapons among the civilian population. Finally, under-equipment of the national security agencies.Criminals and dissidents are often better equipped than the security agencies thereby making the security agencies incapable of repelling their attacks and unable to defend the public from criminals.