درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the individual entrepreneurial components of students from the perspective of university lecturers. Methodology: The present study is based on a data-base research method that was conducted through interviews with 12 experts including a combination of university professors and members of the profession including various professional disciplines using purposive sampling method. selected. Data categorization, interviews were analyzed based on the first two stages of the three-stage Strauss and Corbin system, namely open and axial coding and categorical coding. Subcategories and categories were obtained and finally They were divided into main categories that are more general and conceptual. After collecting the questionnaires, 50 raw data were identified which converted this raw data into 17 common codes and 17 common codes were presented in 9 classification concepts, then 9 concepts were classified into 4 categories. In this study, the main variables extracted from the data and their subcategories were investigated. Findings: Data content analysis resulted in the extraction of 4 main themes (subcategories) and 9 sub-themes (concepts) as follows: Creativity with sub-themes: desire for innovation and initiative and fluidity; meta-cognitive beliefs with Sub-themes: Tolerance of ambiguity and flexibility; Self-esteem with sub-themes: Self-esteem and self-assurance; Sub-themes of thinking style: General and partial thinking. Conclusion: The increasing importance of entrepreneurship education and its ability to improve economic growth and job opportunities is evident in some universities at both academic and non-academic levels.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of leadership style on innovation according to the mediating role of commitment and organizational climate. Methodology: The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all employees of the Tax Administration of Iran. Using Cochran formula and stepwise cluster random sampling, 752 individuals were considered as the sample size. Data were collected using standardized and transformational leadership questionnaires by Bass & Avilio (2000); organizational commitment by Meyer & Allen (1997); Holpin & Croft (2000); After collecting the questionnaires, the data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, percent, frequency and table using SPSS software and statistical inference was made by structural equation modeling using lisrel software. Path coefficients and software significant coefficients were used to investigate the research hypotheses. Findings: The results showed that the degree of fit of the proposed model was appropriate according to the research components; transformational leadership on innovation with mediator role of organizational commitment was 0.90, transformational leadership on innovation with mediator role of organizational commitment. 0.82, pragmatic leadership influenced innovation with mediator role of organizational commitment 0.99, also pragmatic leadership influenced innovation with mediator role 0.71. Conclusion: Managers can increase employees' organizational commitment by adopting transformational leadership style or a combination of transformational and pragmatic leadership style rather than pragmatic style.