درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to present a model of factors affecting organizational vitality in public organizations (case study: public organizations of Mazandaran province). Methodology : This was an applied and quantitative study. The study population included employees of public organizations in Mazandaran province in 2019, 246 of whom were selected based on Cochran's formula and using cluster sampling method. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire on barriers to organizational vitality and were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and Amos software. Fidning s: The results showed that the barriers to organizational vitality included nine factors, 49 components and 120 concepts. The management factor includes five components, the individual factor includes six components, the organizational factor includes six components, the economic factor includes seven components, the political factor includes five components, the physical environment factor includes five components, the religious-value factor includes six components, the technological factor includes four components, socio-cultural factor includes five components. Besides, the factor loading of all 49 components was higher than 0.40 and the reliability of all nine factors was higher than 0.70. Also, all nine factors had a positive significant effect on barriers to organizational vitality so that the individual and political factors had the greatest and the lowest effect, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion : The results of the present research have practical implications for experts and organizational planners, and can help them design and implement programs to reduce barriers to organizational vitality

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present a model of professional development of teachers with a qualitative approach. Methodology: In this study, in order to identify the teacher professional development model, a qualitative interview was determined. The statistical population of the study in the qualitative part was all experts and experts in educational management and planning with 10 people and in the quantitative part included all teachers and principals working in primary schools in Shiraz. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. To collect the data in the second stage, a closed questionnaire with a Likert scale of five was used. Findings: The results showed that the results of semi-structured interviews during several stages of coding and also inspired by the research background, led to the identification of the initial code. In the second step, the identified concepts were categorized into the following categories. These fourteen categories are; 1. Management of learning and teaching 2. Creating a conducive learning environment 3. Assessment and curriculum 4. Outline vision 5. Continuous school improvement 6. Effective communication and collaboration 7. Relationship with society and stakeholders 8. Operations management 9. Resource management 10. Guidance and leadership of individuals and teams 11. Professional ethics 12. Islamic ethical principles and norms 13. Develop your career 14. Finally, the fourteen professional standards of school principals were divided into several key areas or categories: educational leadership, strategic leadership, ethical leadership, management and organizational leadership, communication management, and professional development. Conclusion: The results showed that the results of semi-structured interviews during several stages of coding and also inspired by the research background, led to the identification of the initial code.

Purpose : In order to achieve sustainable economic growth, the existence of a competitive market and equal conditions for all economic enterprises is essential, and in Iran the sixth five-year economic, social and cultural development plan has been designed for this purpose. As a result, the aim of this study was the legal analysis of the competitive dimensions of the sixth five-year economic, social and cultural development plan. Methodology : This research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was a qualitative research with a descriptive approach, which in the competitive dimensions of the sixth five-year economic, social and cultural development plan are reviewed and analyzed. Findings : The findings showed that the sixth five-year economic, social and cultural development plan in several cases and clauses pays attention to creating competition in the market, and the government is obliged to provide competition for all economic enterprises in the country. The mentioned program uses variety strategies for economic, social and cultural development such as reducing the role of government ownership, accelerating the privatization process and economic transparency. Conclusion : The results indicate that if the variety strategies in the sixth five-year economic, social and cultural development plan are realized, we can expect change and transformation in the economic market and sustainable economic growth.

Purpose : Shared leadership is a form of leadership in which all organizational employees have an important role. As a result, the purpose of this research was providing a model for shared leadership in governmental organizations. Methodology : This study was cross-sectional from type of descriptive-analytical. The research population was managers and deputies of governmental organizations of Isfahan city in 2020 year, which according to the Cochran's formula the sample size estimated 214 people who were selected by cluster random sampling method. The research instrument was a 98-item researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by 10 experts after removing 6 items and its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method 0.97. After data collected by researcher-made questionnaire were analyzed with using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and Smart PLS software. Findings : Findings showed that shared leadership in governmental organizations had eight factors of individual, group, environmental, administrative health, administrative corruption, work ethic, political behavior and Islamic management; So that the factor load of all items and the eight mentioned factors was higher than 0.40, the average variance extracted of the eight factors was higher than 0.50 and the Cronbach's alpha reliability and the combined reliability of the eight factors was higher than 0.80. Also, the model of shared leadership in governmental organizations had a good fit and shared leadership had a direct and significant effect on all eight factors (P<0.05). Conclusion : The results indicated the existence and effective role of eight factors of individual, group, environmental, administrative health, administrative corruption, work ethic, political behavior and Islamic management on shared leadership. Therefore, in order to improve and promote shared leadership in governmental organizations can provide the ground for improving the eight mentioned factors.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of both work to family enrichment and family to work enrichment on family satisfaction and work satisfaction. The moderating role of positive and negative affectivity is also examined in this regard. Methodology : This Study is an empirical survey research with the statistical population of faculty members of Iran’s universities. The research questionnaires were distributed among professors of five premier universities of Tehran. 200 people were used by simple random sampling. Carlson et al. (2000), Carlson, Kacmar, and Williams (2000), Brayfield and Crockett (1955), Schumm, McCollum, Bugaighis, Jurich, and Bollman (1986) and Agho et al. (1992) questionnaires were used and research hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling by PLS software. Findings : The results showed that according to path coefficient, work family enrichment has a positive and significant effect on faculty members’ job satisfaction (0.7562) and family satisfaction (0.7362) both T-statistics are upper than 1.96. Positive affectivity enhances these relationships as a moderating variable (0.6423). However, negative affectivity had no significant effect on the relationship between work family enrichment and family and job satisfaction (both T-statistics are lower than 1.96). Conclusion : positive aspects of work family interface, in other words, work family enrichment in comparison with work family conflict variable should be considered as an important variable in psychology of family and organization. The issue of work family enrichment in the scientific jobs of faculty members of universities which have distinctive job qualifications compared with other jobs could have a significant effect in job and family satisfaction

Purpose: The present study aims at analyzing the content of work and technology curriculum in the junior high school. Methodology: A qualitative and applied research method was used, which was performed based on the content analysis. The statistical population consisted of work and technology curricula of the junior high school in the academic year 2019-2020, which were examined without sampling. The data collection tool was a triple list designed based on the goals of economic-professional education set out in the fundamental reform document of education. The collected data were analyzed using Shannon entropy software. Findings: In this software, the frequency of each data unit was identified, its indices of descriptive statistics were extracted and the importance coefficients of each of them were reported. The data in this study was in the form of themes, photos and learning activities. Therefore, data analysis was performed by using descriptive statistics indicators and their quantitative analysis. The results showed that the rate of emphasis on economic-professional education in work and technology curricula in each of its eight goals was as follows: understanding professional skills 0.99, professional ethics 0.066, entrepreneurship 0.053, avoiding unemployment 0.052, observance of productivity 0.040, commitment to ethics and values 0.039, wealth development 0.038, business laws 0.032, economic justice 0. Conclusion: The content analysis of the work and technology curricula of the first year of high school showed that the understanding of professional skills in the seventh grade was 46.6%, in the eighth grade was 75.4% and in the ninth grade was 61.5%

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of interactional management style on academic adjustment, mathematical anxiety, and academic engagement in elementary sixth grade students. Methodology : This research was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of method and with pre-test-post-test design with experimental group and control group. The statistical population consisted of all male students of the elementary sixth grade of district 3 of Tabriz city with a total of 3721 students in the academic year of 2018-2019. The sample size was 57 persons (29 experimental and 28 control) and selected by purposive sampling method. Clark academic adjustment questionnaire, Shokrani mathematical anxiety questionnaire, and Schofley and Becker academic engagement questionnaires were used for data collection. The interactional management style was also implemented based on the researcher-designed package. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods including univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance were used for data analysis. Findings : Results showed that after applying an interactive management style, the mean of academic adjustment in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group. The mean of mathematical anxiety and its components (mathematical test anxiety and anxiety of mathematical nature) in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group. The mean of academic engagement and its components (ability, commitment, and attraction) in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion : The study concluded that teacher-student interaction improved academic engagement and academic adaptation and reduced student math anxiety.

Purpose: This research was conducted with the aim of studying the relationship between school culture and social climate governing school with academic ethics and mediating role of educational buoyancy. Methodology: The present study is descriptive, cross-sectional, purposeful, applied, and essentially a descriptive survey. It has been surveyed by a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was all boys' high school students in Bojnourd city who were 5172 people. Of these, 382 were selected by relative sampling according to the Morgan table for participation in the research. The research tools consisted of Alessandro and Sadh School Culture (1997), Social Psychosocial Class Questionnaire (Frazer, Giddings and McBurby, 1995), Educational Buoyancy Questionnaire (Hossein Chari and Dehghanizadeh, 2012), and Educational Ethics Questionnaire (Golparvar, 2010). The validity of the instrument was of formal and content type, while its reliability calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient for school culture questionnaire turned out to be 0.939, Psycho-social 0.84, academic buoyancy 0.837 and academic ethics 0.869. Data were collected from questionnaires using descriptive statistics (frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation and calculation of central indicators and dispersion); to find the results of the research hypotheses, inferential tests including multiple regression analysis was employed using SPSS software (version 19). Also to test the validity of the theoretical model and calculate the effect coefficients Structural Equation Modeling Method with Lisrel 8.8 software was used. Findings: The results showed that there is a relationship between school culture and social climate governing school with students' academic ethics. There is also a relationship between school culture and students' academic buoyancy. Also, academic buoyancy has a mediator role in relation to school culture and students' academic ethics (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The findings show that there is a relationship between school culture and students’ educational ethics, so by upgrading and strengthening school culture, students' academic ethos will be consolidated. Also, school culture has a positive and significant effect on the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and communication.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effective components on assessment the quality of educational services in education and provide a model for it. Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was articles of related to research and management experts in the field of educational services in Tehran, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation, number of 10 people of them were selected as the sample by purposive sampling method. The research tool was a semi-structured interview that lasted 30 to 45 minutes for each person and its structure and internal validity and its external reliability was confirmed. Data were analyzed with coding method in NVIVO software version 10. Findings: According to the analysis, the main theme of assessment the quality of educational services in education had 44 free themes in the form of 9 sub-themes including research activities, teachers, curriculum, school physical environment, learning resources, learning process, cultural-religious activities, cultural activities and sports activities. Conclusion: According to the results, to improve the quality of educational services in education can be done by improving the sub-themes and free themes of each of them until provide a basis for improving and promoting the education system.

Purpose: this study was conducted aimed to provide a knowledge management model for the branches of the Islamic Azad University of West Azerbaijan Province. Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of aim and quantitatively correlated in terms of implementation method. The study population was 654 faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of West Azerbaijan Province during the academic years 2020-21. The sample size was estimated n = 243 based on Cochran's formula who were selected by cluster sampling method with respect to gender ratio and scientific rank. The data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire (74 items), content validity of which was confirmed by experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha of 0.90. Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling by SPSS-23 and LISREL-8.8 software were used for data analysis. Findings: The results of factor analysis showed that knowledge management with eight factors of infrastructure and information technology, knowledge management processes, organizational structure and setting, intellectual and innovative capital, human resources and training, knowledge leadership, and organizational management and culture explained 74% of the total variance of knowledge management. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the knowledge management model had a good fit and the eight factors had a direct and significant effect on knowledge management (P <0.05). Conclusion: According to the study results, planning to improve knowledge management through factors o infrastructure and information technology factors, knowledge management processes, organizational structure and setting, intellectual and innovative capital, human resources and training, knowledge leadership, and organizational management and culture is essential. For this purpose, the use of training workshops can be effective.

Purpose: This study aimed to plan and validate the product creativity evaluation model in architectural education. According to three product creativity evaluation models: CPAM, CSDS and PCMI. Methodology: The research was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection among descriptive studies was correlational and in terms of method was mixed exploratory research. The statistical population in the qualitative section included all experts in education and creativity in Mashhad. A sample of 10 people was selected by purposive sampling using the principles of theoretical saturation from the mentioned community. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included all university professors in the field of architecture in Mashhad, and 150 people were selected by random sampling. The required data was collected in the summer of 2020 using semi-structured interviews and upstream documents in the qualitative phase. The measurement tool in the quantitative section was a researcher-made questionnaire whose construct validity was calculated using factor analysis, and the reliability value through Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.82. The researcher carried out qualitative data analysis using the thematic analysis coding approach developed by Braun and Clarke and quantitative data analysis using the partial least squares method. Findings: The results revealed that five components with 12 indicators make the status of novelty with two markers of originality and surprise. Relevance to the problem includes two indicators of regulatory compliance and practicality. In addition, the effectiveness of solutions has three indicators, namely meeting the needs of contacts, being environmentally friendly, and having durability. Design elements include two indicators, details (well-defined component) and elegance, and the collection of design elements contains the three indicators of harmonization, completeness, and well-formation (well-crafted) at the 95% confidence interval (p = .001). In addition, confirmed element analysis of the obtained components revealed that all factor loads were significant, and there is an acceptable agreement between the creativity model of architectural design products and the data. The heavy element load related to novelty (0.91) and the light one are related to the collection of design elements. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that according to the experts, the factor of novelty, such as originality and surprise, along with functional factors such as relevance, effectiveness, and artistic factors consisting of the design of elements, and the collection of design elements affects the designing creativity evaluation model of problem-solving results.

Purpose: The purpose of this current research is to design and formulate a decentralized curriculum for primary schools in Iran. Methodology: The methodology is qualitative research from content analyzing of comparison-categorizing system, which includes three steps. In the first step, decentralized and extracting its parameters, international dissertations and researches in connection with subject of the research in qualitative analyzing method were investigated and studied. In the second step, after concluding the findings, the final curriculum pattern was formulated including decentralized curriculum (objectives and contents, teaching-learning methods, evaluation). In the third step, measuring-descriptive methodology was used by making use of factor-analysis for evaluating the credibility of suggested model from viewpoints of experts and specialists. The realm of research was all books and written references on decentralized curriculum that were selected by purposeful sampling. Due to the abundance of various available printed and digital references, those ones from 2000 to 2015 were used. Data collection tools were researcher-made charts and tokens, which were used for collecting categories and elements of decentralized curriculum. Faculty members, specialists and experts’ viewpoints were used for reliability of the research. Findings: The After taking opinions and revising, the final framework was formulated. For increasing the credibility of the research, ultimate attention and care were taken in order to prepare tokens. On quality of research, 467 conceptual codes were extracted, 23 main parameters were achieved which were used for formulating decentralized curriculum. A research-made questionnaire was designed in order to evaluate the conceptual structure of the research and it was reviewed by 200 specialists and experts, and then it finally was approved after carrying out a factor-analyzing showing that most of articles had proper weigh-factor which means all standard coefficients were within 0.3 to 0.6. On the other hand, the articles put proper weigh-factors on their factors. Conclusion: This current research as a non-intensive curriculum model for Iranian elementary schools is usable for curriculum designers and authorities of Ministry of Education who have stepped forward efficiently to give more authorities to education organization of provinces.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to design and validate a model for empowering primary teachers based on the study lesson approach using experts' opinion. Methodology: This was an applied qualitative study based on the aim and the nature of the data, respectively. The study population in the qualitative part of the research included education experts and top teachers in education areas. The sample size in the qualitative part was selected using the theoretical saturation principle and purposive sampling method. Data collection was carried out using interview. The validity and reliability of the instruments were evaluated and confirmed. In the qualitative part, data analysis was performed using theoretical coding in MAXQDA software and grounded theory method. Findings: The results of factor analysis showed that out of 120 available indicators (items), 18 main components were identified. Accordingly, the components of knowledge, skills, attitudes as constituent factors and individual factors, organizational factors and group factors were identified as effective factors. Conclusion: The results also showed a significant difference between the scores of teachers who participated and not participate in the lesson study process in terms of the standards of educational design and planning, creating and maintaining a learning atmosphere, implementing and conducting teaching, measuring and communicating with learning outcomes, evaluation and reflection on learning and teaching, more cooperation from teachers, activities to strengthen content knowledge and educational technology. Therefore, it can be stated that lesson study approach can lead to the development of teachers' abilities.