درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Nowadays one of the most important subjects discussed in the field of Management and planning of social and spatial development of cities is strategic schematization, which in case of proper usage can lead to arrangement and optimum usage of the resources and existing possibilities and desirable symphonic constant growth. Strategic schematization is actually systematic methods that cause incorporation and premiership actions considering four important parameters which are internal strengths and weaknesses and external chances and threats. With the help of this schematization we find out where we are, where we need to go and how we should get there. On the other hand one of today’s most important discussions in the world in the field of urban management and extension, according to the growth of urbanization, is the creation of metropolises and their problems and difficulties. The development of ICT contraction and information technology and its specific capability in haltering, controlling, omitting or reducing the difficulties of urban society has caused the idea of electronic cities which is in need of creating electronic organizations which is followed by electronic governments. Because of the unique traits such as exact and quick analyzing of the descriptive information related to them and also urban management needs of today’s society, the GIS positional information systems have changed into a safe tool to patronage the decisions of the reference location. Therefore achieving a complete useful location information system needs a calculated and proper short term and long term schematization. In this process using new methods of strategic schematization which includes analyzing SWOT as surveying and identifying the current situation, valuating and analyzing GIS needs and eventually recording the strategic and massive program can be very effective and solving. In this article surveying this subject and discovering paths towards this achievement has been discussed.

In spite of the advancements made in science and technology, the world is still facing the perils of prevalence and epidemic of different diseases from one side and problems such as  inappropriate distribution of treatment giving services in a large number of countries. <br /> In such a condition there remains a need for the design of a comprehensive health system using the GIS based smart cards. This can facilitate having all common health, treatment services, such as issuing and receiving prescriptions, insurance services, having access to medical records which can accompany every individual. This will facilitate the development of social and spacial. Considering the fact that the data becomes regional and transferable (knowing they should stay confidential, and have permitted access) , predicated data banks in the health and hygiene net work management, such as offices and treatment giving insurance institutions could have all kinds of possibilities for planning, organizing, controlling and utmost management, in both individual and common health of the society. Although some developed countries are at the moment using smart cards in theirs health systems, but in this suggested system, the objective is to utilize the advantages of GIS smart cards being regional.  In this scheme a smart card is intended for each individual, and often loading the necessary information on it. This is used instead of his health service notebook and clinical record. In addition identification card used to access the patient’s medical record and prescription card is designed for doctors. Also the service offering identification card is designed for health centres and pharmacies. Predications should be made of the regional information in every visit to the physician or a clinic, upon which all the following possibilities can be obtained; all statistical reports based on GIS, research activities, supervising over the health and treatment distribution, number and reason for visiting the health care centers, defining the start of an epidemic and factors offering it, checking the nutritional diseases, analysing the concentration and spreading of different disease and their causes according to region or country.  All these data can help provide health maps, satellite pictures and defining various layers of information. Finally by the use of these cases optimum managing and development of a smart health and healing network can be made possible<strong>.</strong>

Traditional Iranian houses, especially Esfahan, have very special cultural patterns, such as privacy entrance but contemporary houses in Isfahan, because of changes in the methods of designing and building houses, importance of entrance reduced to such level that now in contemporary houses entrance is just a door. Entrance correlates indoor safe space of house and outdoors. It`s importance lays in controlling entry, exit, territory and hierarchy. Since house owners were satisfied with traditional form of entrance, it is a good idea to learn from them in designing new entrances. The purpose of this research is to find a way for designing appropriate entrances for Isfahan contemporary houses.  Isfahan city is from margin of desert and the origin of traditional houses. Analysis showed that blockage of visual and phonic relation, creating a space between outdoor public space and indoor private space, creating access patterns to internal spaces and traits that separate in and out were the most significant properties of traditional entrances. All these traits are ignored in contemporary entrances. Suggestions made for design include creating public meeting space in yard and creating a separate entrance space for each house in apartments.

Presently, half of world population lives in cities and in many countries such as Iran, most of people live in cities and metropolitans. The city evolution and new conditions in metropolitans are considered uncontrollable and it is believed that the future base of mankind forms in cities as Park points the city as the natural habitat of human in modern age. The urban population deals with various and somehow annoying problems as it can be said that most of social damages are appeared in cities. The urban management faces with difficult responsibility of controlling these damages. This paper attempts to study the citizen's social vulnerability in Tehran according to urban social space approach. Here, different views such as Chicago school, Dickens theory, Castells theory and social approaches such as Chicago school and social disorganization theory are applied. The paper is a survey and questionnaire is the tools of data collecting. The results showed the high rate of citizen vulnerability in relation with research variables such as self-alienation, rationalism, less emotional relationships, less social integration and more individualism.

In this paper, it is tried to explain the concept of representation and architectural representation through a qualitative methodology, approach its procedure for gradual creation in architecture and then according to scholars and to obtain the effect of this concept in the process of architectural facts the concepts are presented. In addition, it is referred to theories and practical texts by philosophers, and archaeologists and architects who have spoken about the architectural representation, and its definitions are also provided from the perspective of semiotics. Then through a deductive view aiming to clarify the fundamental differences between types of architectural representation and according to the presented ideas, three fundamental roles in the representation of architecture as mimesis and imitation, architectural representation as abstraction and architectural representation as simulation are described and examples are cited for each of them. In the end, by a qualitative methodology and with an interpretive approach using the theory of Umberto Eco in architectural codes, the comparative tables are provided, and to clarify the relationship between the three methods of representation and the procedure of their ideas on the formation of the architectural reality are analyzed through the semiotic approach. Finally, these comparative tables are separately classified in three groups of three so a variety of architectural representation techniques in diverse historical periods in architecture are explained as a result of this research. 

The present study intends to shed light on 25 lifelikeness layers in Imam Jome’eh House (Khaneh Emam Jome’eh) in Isfahan as one of the prominent historical monuments dating back to Qajar dynasty. The present study intends to shed light on 25 lifelikeness layers in Imam Jome’eh House (Khaneh Emam Jome’eh) in Isfahan as one of the prominent historical monuments dating back to Qajar dynasty. The lifelikeness or Zendevari architecture is a general and reconciling pattern (framework) among all the definitions of architecture that in its definition, it consists of 25 layers. these 25 layers include countable layer , spatial layer, geometric layer, Skeletal layer, motor layer, simple mechanical layer, automated mechanical layer, biological layer, environmental layer, climatic layer, sensory layer, visual layer, imaginary layer, unreality layer , media (symbols) layer , analytical( analyzing the elements) layer , historical(importance) layer, creativity (in the building)layer, economic layer, social layer, forensic layer , moral layer , aesthetic layer, political and faith layer and educational layer. Overall, it can be said that in the lifelikeness (Zendevari) development framework, the world and its beings consist of 25 layers, which are in interaction with each other in an unpredictable way, yet a universal and natural relation can be found between layers in two directions. The study method used in the current research is of an analytic-descriptive type, and data collection was performed in a field-, interview- and library-based method, and some strategies were presented to strengthen the zendevari (lifelikeness) of the building under study in a SWOT analysis method. The study method used in the current research is of an analytic-descriptive type, and data collection was performed in a field-, interview- and library-based method, and some strategies were presented to strengthen the zendevari (lifelikeness) of the building under study in a SWOT analysis method. 

: One of the tools for the architectural advent form is the structure, while architecture and structures, particularly in our sociable Iran, are separated from each other. Most successful buildings have dominating designers who are proficient in structural issues and have a comprehension of the structural system's behavior. The extent of attention to the structure of the building will inevitably lead to beauty. If the structure has aesthetic considerations, a successful link between architecture and structure will occur. This research seeks to provide a solution and strategies to formulate both architecture and structure. The purpose of this paper is to articulate a sound and desired theoretical foundation in relation to the aesthetics of the architectural form and structure so that achieve a successful link between architecture and structure. The research methodology is applied in terms of the purpose of the research. The qualitative and quantitative research methodology is used to analyze the information as well as to provide analytical tables and matrix analysis in order to summarize the contents. The research has come to the conclusion that constructive requirements, along with functional requirements and aesthetic issues, bring together an unmatched effect. The study of successful works in the world suggests that if one of the subcategories of these three criteria works, it can be considered as one of the most successful buildings in the world. Formation of forces flow can be effective in the aesthetic structure of the structure.