درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Urban space can be the most successful public arena in this century if employ the potentials for collective cooperation in creative ways in order to provide further services. The theory of creative city tries to strengthen the qualities which enhance the image of a city for the citizens and create a dynamic city in terms of culture and intercultural learning. Therefore, the existence of generator, open, and the popular spaces are necessary along 24 hours a day. Since the nightly work and activity gradually became parts of the urban life, urbanization requirements converted night into day for people, and the urban spaces allocated a special position in this phenomenon. Desirable urban spaces should be made in response to the present urban environment of the cities. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to present designed solutions in order to interactive lighting to create live and urban spaces. The study uses a qualitative research method and a case study, based on field studies via a questionnaire and direct observations, meanwhile recognizing the principles of making creativity in urban spaces and the study of physical and social environments of Ahmadabad Avenue- Mashhad are investigated by using SPSS to analyze formal, qualitative and visual values in the space. Results of this study indicate whatever emphasized in urban design and the darkness comes following the sunset, may arise disorder in its performance, to helping artificial light modeling keep its efficiency during the night.

Redevelopment of distressed and blighted areas are targeted by most of development policies. However, a number of policies have been changed as the result of the ineffectiveness of the previous experiences, the incompatibility of the development tools and plans, the lack of financial resources or social movements. Large-scale redevelopment projects have usually been considered as the powerful tools for urban revitalization, modernization and implementation of radical plans while many of those were criticized due to their various consequences including social exclusion, inequality, social conflicts, environmental damages, inconsistent scale, etc. Downtown of the City of Mashhad; Samen District, has experienced various physical interventions in the form of large-scale projects during the last century. Although the projects and intervention policies have been transformed during the past decades, previous faults were ignored and sometimes were iterated in these experiences. In fact, it seems that urban development solutions in the district have not been sustainable solutions and couldn’t maintain or shape a sustainable community in the historical and formerly economic urban core of Mashhad. This paper, focusing on mega redevelopment projects experienced in Samen Districst after 1920s, aims to highlight the critical aspects neglected or bent in Samen redevelopment program. Based on the nature of large-scale redevelopment projects and the current sustainability criteria, it qualitatively assesses the sustainability of the redevelopment projects through content-analysis method. According to the results, despite the competitiveness and place promotion goals of the Samen redevelopment project, the adopted approaches and policies could not lead to a state of sustainable development.

The purpose of this study is to exامینe the effects of place identity on the sustainable development of urban spaces. Thus, the components of place identity, emotional attachment, place attachment and social bonding have been measured in three dimensions of (cognitive) the place identity, (affective) emotional attachment and (behavioral) place attachment and social bond. To measure sustainable development, three components of sustainable development, including society, economy, and environment has been considered. The current survey is a descriptive survey. The assessment instrument was the standard questionnaire of Safarnia which has been used to measure the variable of place identity and to measure the variable of sustainable development, a questionnaire has been made by the researcher and has been based on the combined theoretical framework. The statistical population of this research has been the inhabitants of Shiraz city and Hafeziyeh aera. SPSS22 software has been used to analyze the data and exامینed the results of both descriptive and inferential statistics. In inferential statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient has been used to exامینe the hypotheses. In this study, the variable of place identity is high and sustainable development is also in a high level. These results suggest the positive effects of place identity on the sustainable development.

Attachment to a place is a positive emotional relation between a person and a place that leads to the significance of a place for the people staying there. Several studies have been presented about the sense of attachment to one or more locations around the world that each of them has evaluated the subject from a specific view and has achieved different results. This research tries to assess the relationship between intensity of attachment to a place and scale of the place with a new look at this issue. Accordingly, the factors influencing the attachment on the place have been exامینed in three dimensions of "physical", "socio-demographic" and "emotional". Physical factors have been divided into three scales of house, neighborhood and urban. Social-demographic factors have been generalized to variables such as age, gender, level of education, etc. Emotional factors have been extracted from 21 indices of the literature related to the concepts of place and attachment to a place. In this research, 12 emotional cases were evaluated for each of three interest place scales for people with different demographic characteristics in Shiraz. Studies were conducted through questionnaires at different neighborhoods with randomly selected citizens and the results were presented as a descriptive and analytical report. These results indicate that the feeling of attachment to the city scale is at the highest level, and then is a home, and finally is the attachment to the neighborhood scale.