درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Politics and the political system have the best opportunity to fulfil justice in achieving lofty human ideals. Therefore, complete justice in various dimensions is possible through the policy of justice and its rulers. With the descriptive-analytical method, the present study aimed to analyze and identify the existing relationships between politics and justice in Imam Khamenei's political jurisprudential thought. To this aim, investigated the role of politics in the fulfillment of social justice, political requirements of justice, politics, and obstacles to the realization of justice, and statements expressing the relationship between justice and politics. The results indicated that in Imam Khamenei's political jurisprudential thought, justice has a privileged position. So, it is the basic principles of his political jurisprudence, the essence of virtue, and a strategy to achieve high human goals and standards. As the most crucial dimension of the divine caliph of humans, politics or responsibility of his collective destiny caused the manifestation of justice realization and continuation. Justice is achieved through an open political system, that is, a system based on divine laws, and through principles such as just law, enforcement, oversight, public participation, and social balance.

Purpose and necessity of research: The main issue of this research emerged when we looked a huge amount of strategy formulation in various petroleum companies in Iran, in which, those documents followed the classical patterns (such as David model) of strategy formulation, on the prescriptive-consecutive paradigm, with no face of the environmental approaches to conduct the planning process of strategy formulation. In this article, we suggest the pattern of Reeves, Hannes and Sinha (2015), in order to choose and execute the right approach for National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC)’s strategy formulation. Research Methodology: This research is developmental, explanatory and quantifiable research. The research strategy was survey and by its application, the information needed to determine the degree of NIOC environmental strategic dimensions and prioritization of different patterns of strategy formulation in NIOC, were achieved. Research Findings: The shared value strategy, shaped NIOC as the leader of oil and gas industry in the various domestic industry and above all into the international market as the OPEC joint partner. It seems that NIOC organizational culture adapt with the shared value strategy according to creation, lead, and membership in the share of crude export with OPEC and non-OPEC collaboration during the ages. Therefore, NIOC should craft the shared value strategy for the niches of oil and gas markets.

Purpose: The aim of this study was a comparative study of media literacy curriculum policy in the educational system of leading countries and Iran. Methodology: The approach of the research was qualitative approach and the method used in it was comparative-analytical method. The research population in this study included all valid scientific documents, including books, articles in specialized journals related to media literacy, from which the works related to the subject were selected using purposive sampling method and appropriate to the research objectives of the case. Were analyzed and data were collected by documentary method, Descriptive analysis method was used in data analysis. Based on the research question, a framework for data analysis was considered. Based on this framework, the required data from available resources were selected, organized, and then their similarities and differences were identified and compared and interpreted. Findings: Based on the results of this study, the concerns and views on content, necessities and goals of media literacy in different countries are largely similar and educational planners try to maintain their cultural identity in the use of different media. . The results also showed that media literacy has been considered as one of the most effective monitoring tools in the countries. Also, according to the results of the research, the most important differences between the selected countries and Iran in this regard was that the goal of these countries is to institutionalize the media literacy curriculum in an organized manner and in the form of codified policies and long-term plans, but in Iran. Although this issue has been emphasized in the upstream documents, due to the lack of sufficient infrastructure, lack of culture appropriate to the age of technology and teachers not being familiar with this knowledge, these conditions have not been provided and implementation in schools has been unsuccessful. Several years of implementation have not yet led to a successful indigenous approach and model for implementing this skill in schools. Conclusion: The results showed that the concerns and views on the content, necessities and goals of media literacy in different countries are largely similar and educational planners try to maintain their cultural identity in the use of different media.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine the structural relationships between mode metacognition and cyberspace with self-efficacy mediation in gifted students in Ghaemshahr, Babol, and Sari. There is a structure. Methodology: The method was correlation using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 1000 gifted female high school students in three grades (first, second and third) of Ghaemshahr, Babol and Sari cities. For each observed variable (18 variables observed in the model), and considering the possibility of incomplete questionnaires, 350 people were selected as the sample size by census method. جعفری & Kalantari (2016) cyberspace questionnaire, Morris (2001) self-efficacy questionnaire and Onil & Abedi (1996) mode metacognition questionnaire were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and AMOS 23 software. Findings: The results show that mode metacognition has a direct effect on the tendency of cyberspace in gifted students of Ghaemshahr, Babol and Sari. Conclusions: Therefore, those who have learned poor cognitive adjustment strategies may be more susceptible to using high-risk behaviors as a means of alleviating negative cognition than others.

Perpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-F) in students. Methodology: In a descriptive-correlation and validation study, 216 and 226 graduate students from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad selected through multi-stage sampling method. Data were collected using the Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Ryan & Connell, 1989), Basic Need Satisfaction in Relationships (LaGuardia, et all, 2002) and Subjective Vitality Scale-State level Version (Ryan & Frederick, 1997). Internal consistency, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity were analyzed. Findings: The results showed that the scale had four-factor structure with the variance explained 67.20%. The confirmatory factor analysis was confirmed. The scale had good construction reliability. The criterion validity confirmed in relation to basic need satisfaction in relationships and subjective vitality in friendship (P≤0.01). Conclusion: The Friendship Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SRQ-F) had good internal consistency as well as exploratory and confirmatory validity in students. This questionnaire can be used as a valid instrument in future studies.