درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

In our country, a large number of university graduates are unable to leverage their higher education and enter the workforce. It is evident that at present, there is no coherent qualitative and quantitative linkage between the educational system and the labor market, leading to resource wastage. Furthermore, there exists a fundamental ambiguity regarding the rationale for the significant upward trend in higher education within the country compared to global and regional trends. In this article, game theory and static games with complete information have been employed to model the interaction between the Azad university and students. To this end, the strategies of the university and students have been examined within four distinct scenarios, and their outcomes have been analyzed to ascertain the equilibrium in the aforementioned games. The results demonstrate that, for students, the strategy of pursuing studies in a field with available job opportunities that align with the student's preferences dominates over other strategies (irrespective of the choices made by other players) in all games. As for the Azad university, the strategy of offering a field with existing job prospects or establishing new ones supersedes alternative strategies, and the absence of such fields is pervasive within the university. Ultimately, it is recommended that the Azad university continues its approach if there are fields with available job opportunities, and if there are no practical fields that correspond to the region, necessary policies should be implemented to create these opportunities.

Since public procurement involves such large amounts of money in various procurement operations, it is imperative to ensure value for money (VfM), electronic procurement is a modern tool through which value for money can be attained, this study determine the influence ofelectronic procurement strategy on Value for Money in construction project. Study used a cross section design to collect data from 160 employees from different department who were sampled based on their strata and by using questionnaire. The study found that reliability and speedy of electronic procurement increases the efficiency of construction projects. The study concludes that electronic procurement, is the key tools through in which, if utilized well the construction project in public organization will be efficiency, economy and effectively through trade discount and communication. Also, electronic procurement increase transparency and to a large extent brought about simplicity of the work done despite of the challenge of network problem.

Knowledge, as one of the pillars of success, is an essential factor for innovation, production and economic growth. Knowledge management is a new strategy that organizations, would need that so as to increase their performance and success. In case companies don’t use knowledge management system correctly and at proper time, they would be either faced with failure or obliged to leave the arena of contest. Agricultural knowledge-based companies have a key role for the regeneration of the agriculture and increase of the employment of agricultural graduates in this field. As presently the challenge of managers is to provide a suitable environment for the growth of the human mind in knowledge-oriented companies that embrace a cutting-edge approach to knowledge management, wherein knowledge is tailored to fit the specific context, are poised for success. By fostering effective learning, this approach leads to enhanced performance and improved efficiency. In this study, many studies were reviewed and generations of knowledge management were analyzed with a paradigmatic approach. Almost 100 related books and articles were reviewed through archival research. The findings showed that knowledge-based companies should go from the first generation of knowledge management to the use of the fourth generation; that way the internet use, social networks, analytical tools, intelligent agents, etc., might have a great participation with one another, which leads to their stay in the contest scene, and their faster achievement of future-oriented and dynamic results. Therefore, it is suggested that agricultural knowledge-based companies have focus on transformational management and its characteristics.