درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Iran's transitioning society, in the face of extensive social, cultural, economic and political changes in recent decades, has been exposed to wide differences in terms of values and behavior among the new generations. Such developments require the special attention of policymakers and government macro-planners. The present article is written with the aim of explaining the level of attention of macro policymakers to generational changes in the form of development plans. The theoretical framework of this article is derived from the approach of Bourdieu's theory of generational conflict, based on attention to the unbalanced distribution of power and wealth resources among generations. This research examines the laws of development programs with an institutional approach and examines the extent of the development program's attention to the transfer of values to reduce the generational gap, as well as the attention of development programs to the balanced distribution of resources and facilities to prevent the deepening of the generational gap. . The results of the research show that in both dimensions of transferring values and trying to distribute resources and create social justice, several policy development programs have been formulated and approved.. . ..Key words: generational changes, development plans, generation gap, values.

The Competitive Industrial Performance Index (CIP) measures a country's ability to produce, add value, export, and impact global trade through manufacturing industries. To improve industrial competitiveness, focus must be given to expanding production and enhancing its quality with technological advancements. Developing countries need to build technological capacity, increase production, and invest in infrastructure to upgrade their industrial competitiveness. However, Iran's Competitive Industrial Performance has fallen behind, lacking a favorable position in the region and the world. The annual reports of the UNIDO analyzing data from 1990 to 2020 shows that Iran's performance has been weak compared to similar economies. The gap between Iran and the global benchmark (Germany with a score of 0.416) and the regional benchmark (Turkey with a score of 0.117) has widened over the past three decades. Additionally, Iran's manufacturing industry production and export structures have experienced two different directions of transformation in the past two decades. From 2000 to 2010, concurrent with the Third and Fourth Development Plans, the Manufacturing Value Added share in total GDP (MVAsh) increased from 9% to 14%, and the Medium- and High-tech manufacturing Value-Added share (MHVASH) in total manufacturing value added increased from 41% to 45%. However, during the years 2010 to 2020, concurrent with the Fifth and Sixth Development Plans, both of these mentioned indicators regressed. Notably, the regression in the level of technology for high-tech products, from 0.9% to 0.5%, is continuously declining and poses a fundamental challenge for Iran's industrial competitiveness.