درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

This small-scale corpus-based study delineates the most common and significant dialectal variations between the two most commonly spoken English varieties: American English (AmE) and British English (BrE). As a result of the corpus analysis, four main areas have emerged as to where dialectal variations take place: pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and orthography/punctuation. A total of 26 variations ( f =10 in pronunciation, f =5 in vocabulary, f =6 grammar, and f =5 in orthography/punctuation) was identified by analyzing a variety of sources, including books, articles, online dictionaries, and websites. The significance of the variations in the abovementioned language areas and their implications for language teaching were discussed empirically and pedagogically. Notwithstanding the limitations, the research is expected to contribute to our understanding and awareness of the dialectal variations and assist language learners and teachers with the learning and teaching of these variations pedagogically and systematically since it might serve as a guide or a framework of reference.

Circulation of scientific discoveries occurs in various discourse communities. Adopting an audience-oriented view of writing (Hyland, 2010) and drawing on the appraisal theory (Martin & White, 2005), the current study aimed to explore the evaluative strategies psychologists would use to share their specialist knowledge with scholarly and non-scholarly readers. To this end, a corpus of 38 academic research articles and 38 popularized science articles from the archive of an English international refereed journal, Current Psychology , and two English popularized magazines, Newsweek and New Scientist , were analyzed in terms of attitude resources of appraisal, namely appreciation, affect, and judgment . The results of the study revealed that palpable degrees of persuasion were achieved through including certain attitude elements in both corpora despite no statistically significant difference. The results debunked the myth of objectivity in academic discourse and disclosed the psychology experts’ appealing to persuasive tools for convincing the specialist and non-specialists of the truth value of their research outcomes. The findings carry pedagogical implications for English for the students of psychology courses. Indeed, future psychologists need to get familiar with the common discursive strategies to address their intended audience in academic and non-academic settings.

As the capital market becomes more competitive, one of the topics that has attracted the attention of many financial researchers in recent years is the liquidity of corporate stocks that because of the dynamics it can create in corporate financing, it is of strategic importance. The purpose of this research is designing a Model of Comprehensive interpretive/structural Mechanism of Effectiveness of Stock Liquidity Tehran Stock Exchange Companies. The one-year study period 2018-2019 in both qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis was conducted with the participation of two members of the panel. In the qualitative analysis section, this research identified through the combination of Delphi and the analysis of three components of the operational mechanism, the structural/governance mechanism, and the investor/mechanism of trading mechanism in the form of the effective statement on stock liquidity. And in the Comprehensive Interpretive / Structural Analysis section, with the participation of four Stock Exchange brokers, members of the panel presented a model based on a spectrum of the most influential statements to the least effective stock liquidity statements. The results show that the Delphi analysis of 25 indicators identified early in the meta-synthesis, 7 Index Remove and 2 indicators have been merged for a total of 16 statements were approved. In the quantitative section, based on a comprehensive interpretive/structural analysis, it was identified that the increase in the number of trading transactions as the component of operational mechanisms was identified as the most influential factor in stock liquidity.

Evaluating the performance of companies using their financial ratios is a challenging task that is expected to become more straightforward by reducing the dimensionality of the data. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of companies using a hybrid model for investment-related decision making through which the mean value of various financial ratios are calculated based on the investor's risk-taking behavior so that the number of all criteria is reduced to one single value for each alternative. To do so, a sample of 172 companies listed in Tehran Stock Ex-change was selected from 2008 to -2018. Firstly, the financial ratios were prioritized using decision trees regression analysis (type CART) and TOPSIS Technique. The results showed that Gross Profit Margin and Debt to Equity Ratio are the most and the least important factors, respectively. Then, using OWA (Ordered Weighted Averaging Aggregation) operator, the role of investor’s risk-taking behavior was investigated, and the results showed that investor’s risk-taking behavior changes the outcome of the decision-making process significantly.