درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Developing a comprehensive document based on the utmost use of renewable energy efficiency in the architecture design is the first step in national level to follow the goals of sustainable architecture and this is not possible without having a deep trend of the climatic compartment. The modeling of comprehensive energy plans in the architecture without having a quantitative approach is incomplete and inefficient in all of these areas without accurate scrutiny Also, one of the main challenges regarding the climatic compartment in architecture is the qualitative approach of designers and researchers of architecture towards this science; which has a basic contradiction with quantitative data of climate science. Hence, through the quantitative potential climatic investigation and integrating it with qualitative components affecting architecture, a suitable approach to architectural design is obtainable. The purpose is to measure and evaluate solar energy in the design of the architecture of buildings in Iran with a climatic approach. The first step in achieving this purpose is to identify and prioritize the relevant factors and criteria for utilizing the solar energy capability in the design of architecture and climate. The variables of this model with the above objective function include 5 main criteria and 15 sub-criteria. In the next step, we define and eliminate non-usable areas and then draw a fuzzy hierarchy structure. After that, the relative weight of criterion is determined using the FAHP technique and based on the views of a group of academic, governmental and industrial experts in the Super Decision analysis software.

The main aims of this research are the design and implementation of a multilayered and interactive geomatic map of the cultural heritage of Tuscia, one of the richest and most complex cultural areas of Italy, thanks to the presence of different civilizations, from Etruscans and Romans to the Middle Age. Its cultural heritage is very rich, valuable and above all diversified because including tangible and intangible manufacts and artifacts, placed in a peculiar natural context. For this reason, the research finds to purpose a GIS (Geographic Information Systems) map able to match some of the geomatics options in the field of the cultural heritage with a double level database recording, defined according to the Midas standards. This  GIS map of Tuscia was designed to be useful for two different kinds of targets: informal users, like travelers and schools, but first of all entities, institutions, and organizations which protect, promote and manage that mentioned heritage.

Every year, crises cause extensive and occasionally irreversible damage to countries and human societies affecting communities, economies, and environments. Identifying, proper planning, and optimum managing of crises are among the priorities of government programs and procedures. With the expansion and complexity of the societies and variety and innumerability of crisis-making factors, mere use of traditional methods of reinforcement and crisis management would not be efficient. One of the most important ideas brought about in the present decade for crisis management and urban planning is creating resilient cities in the face of various crises by increasing their capacity in all aspects. The significance of this standpoint is the comprehensive look at crisis-making factors, controlling crises, and reduction of vulnerability, particularly in human resources, which speeds the resilience process. Although all infrastructural or environmental, economic, social-cultural, and organizational or institutional aspects have been taken into consideration in resilience, the focus on social and cultural capacitating in each and every citizen would be greatly effectual in a developing country such as Iran. This land endures weak infrastructures and structures, but enjoys a rich cultural and national support from the citizens’ creativity and participation that can help us with achieving the goal of flexibility in crisis management by spending the least amount of time and money. In the present paper, the experiences of other nations and novel concepts such as creative cities, resistant development, principles of futures study and planning, and process-oriented strategic management have been studied along with the current state of Iran. Finally, the method of “Strategic Futures Study and Planning based on GIS” is suggested as a suitable approach in crisis management planning. In the author’s point of view, complete use of this method could help us significantly reduce the losses of disasters and pioneer in the field of crisis management among developing countries.<br /> <strong> </strong>