درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: This study aimed to compare respiratory parameters and sleep quality between physically active and inactive young adult males, while exploring correlations between these domains. Method: In a semi-experimental design, 15 active males (aged 20–23 years; ≥8 hours/week moderate-to-vigorous activity; >2 years sports experience) and 15 inactive males (≤3 hours/week activity; no sports experience) were recruited. Anthropometric measures (height, weight, BMI, body fat percentage, heart rate) were assessed. Pulmonary function—including forced vital capacity (FVC), vital capacity (VC), maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), percentage predicted FEV1 (%FEV1), and maximum expiratory flows at 25% and 75% of FVC (MEF25%, MEF75%)—was evaluated via spirometry (Fukuda ST-95) per American Thoracic Society guidelines. Sleep quality was quantified using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Independent t-tests compared groups; Pearson correlations and multiple linear regressions examined associations (α = 0.05). Results: Active participants displayed superior respiratory metrics ( p < 0.05): higher FVC ( p = 0.023), VC ( p = 0.002), MVV ( p = 0.001), FEV1 ( p = 0.001), %FEV1 ( p = 0.001), MEF25% ( p = 0.026), and MEF75% ( p = 0.042). PSQI scores were significantly lower (better) in the active group (4.13 ± 1.18) versus inactive (6.53 ± 2.50; p = 0.002). No baseline differences emerged in age, height, weight, heart rate, fat percentage, or BMI ( p > 0.05). In the active group, each 1-unit increase in FEV1, MVV, VC, FVC, and MEF75% was associated with corresponding reductions in sleep quality scores of 0.217, 0.127, 0.370, 0.386, and 0.194 units, respectively (all p > 0.05). Regressions and correlations between respiratory indices and sleep quality were non-significant in both groups. Conclusion: Regular physical activity enhances sleep quality and respiratory function in young males, though direct mechanistic links were not evident in this cohort. These findings advocate exercise as a non-pharmacological strategy for addressing sleep and pulmonary health, warranting larger, diverse studies to elucidate interactions.

Purpose: With increasing age, sleep quality decreases and sleep complaints are common in the elderly, especially inactive individuals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between several respiratory indices and sleep quality in active and inactive adult men. Method: Twenty elderly men with a mean age of 70.18±8.21 years, height of 163.23±5.10 cm, and weight of 71.20±7.11 kg participated voluntarily and after obtaining informed consent, randomly divided into two active and inactive groups (10 people in each group). Respiratory indices were measured using Microlab spirometry. The Pittsburgh questionnaire was used to assess sleep quality. Independent t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: In the active group, the mean sleep quality score was significantly lower than that of the inactive group (p=0.013). Maximum voluntary ventilation (p=0.021), forced vital capacity (p=0.033), peak expiratory flow 25-75%, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (p=0.046) parameters were significantly higher in the active group than in the inactive group. Conclusion: It seems that exercise can be an effective factor in improving respiratory system function and sleep quality in inactive adult men.

We were very interested in the recent research focused on evaluating cardiovascular performance in young populations. The maximal oxygen pulse (O₂Pmax), calculated as the ratio of peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak) to peak heart rate (HRpeak), has become an important, non-invasive marker for assessing cardiopulmonary function. Nevertheless, direct measurement through cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is often impractical for large-scale studies. highlighting the need for reliable estimation methods. Although several such protocols are available for adults. their accuracy in adolescents—who experience significant physiological changes—has not been thoroughly validated. Our study sought to address this by comparing O₂Pmax estimates derived from one laboratory-based and three field-based exercise tests against a standard reference in adolescent males. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 60 healthy adolescent boys (mean age 16.05 ± 0.81 years). Participants underwent four exercise tests in a randomized order: a Graded Exercise Test (GXT) on a treadmill, two cycle ergometer tests (PWC195 and PWC212)

Purpose: Physical activity is associated with higher left ventricular mass but also reduced risk of cardiovascular outcomes. The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effect of twelve weeks of resistance training and a detraining period on relative left ventricular wall thickness in inactive men. Method: Twenty-four inactive men who met the inclusion criteria and were able to participate in the exercise protocol were randomly divided into two resistance training groups (n=12) and control group (n=12). Anthropometric characteristics, body composition, and relative wall thickness (RWT) were measured using echocardiography at three time points: before the start of exercise, at the end of 12 weeks of exercise, and after a 6-week period of non-exercise. The exercise protocol consisted of 12 weeks of exercise (three sessions per week) followed by 6 weeks of non-exercise. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and repeated measures analysis of variance at a significance level of p < 0.05 using SPSS software version 24. Results: The results showed that a significant change in RWT was observed between pre-test and post-test measurements in both groups (p < 0.05) and significant changes in RWT were also observed during the detraining period in the training group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that 12 weeks of resistance training can lead to beneficial changes in cardiac structure in inactive men. A 6-week detraining period can lead to negative effects on these adaptations. Therefore, it is recommended that individuals participate in regular and structured resistance training to maintain these positive adaptations.