درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

В контексте гуманизации и гуманитаризации образования большое внимание уделяется индивидуальным способностям человека. Обучающийся становится активным участником образовательного процесса. Изучение языков является одним из основных компонентов, помогающих ребенку развить свою индивидуальность, сформировать межкультурную коммуникативную компетенцию, способствующую успешному общению с представителями других культур на изучаемом языке, это путь к ценностям цивилизованного мира. В связи с этим в статье представлены положения гуманистической педагогики, рассматриваются основные этапы изучения иностранных языков в мировом пространстве и в российской школе.

An overview of pedagogical interventions in the field of interlanguage pragmatics reveals the under-exploration of the processes in which changes in learners' second language (L2) pragmatic competence are established and that most of these investigations have focused on the product or final outcome of the learners' pragmatic development (Bardovi-Harlig, 1999; Kasper, 1996; Vyatkina & Belz, 2006). This study aimed to provide a qualitative analysis of the microgenetic development of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' pragmatic knowledge of request speech act. A total of 140 male and female participants received instruction on request strategy types and internal and external modification devices for seven sessions (weeks) through consciousness-raising (C-R) tasks. The data were collected after instructional sessions during the first, third, fifth, and seventh weeks through discourse completion tests (DCTs). The results indicated that, in the course of time, the participants stopped using direct request strategies and employed conventionally indirect strategies more frequently in situations involving high-status interlocutors and high-imposition requests. Moreover, as time progressed, the learners became more preoccupied with pragmatic appropriateness rather than grammatical correctness. The results of the study suggest that C-R instructional tasks offer an effective means of teaching pragmatics. Considering request speech act, learners should become conscious of the significance of concepts such as status and imposition as well as internal and external modification devices in request formulation.