درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: This study was conducted aimed at investigating the effect of teaching philosophy to children on general health and anxiety among middle school students. Methodology: This was an applied study in terms of purpose and a quasi-experimental one, with a pre-test and a post-test and control and experimental groups, in terms of data collection method. The statistical population included the middle school students in District 5 of Tehran during the period 2009-2010, and the sample size was 30 subjects. Subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Sampling was performed using the convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were the Goldberg’s General Health Questionnaire (1972) and the Spitzer’s Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (1983). The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of a 60-minute philosophy training course that was based on the "Philosophy Lesson plans for Children". Data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: Findings showed indicated that there was a significant difference between the general health scores of the experimental and control groups after teaching philosophy (P <0.01). Conclusion: The results indicated that teaching philosophy to children had a positive effect on their general health and anxiety.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the dimensions and competency components of managers and their impact on organizational development. Methodology: At first, the dimensions of managers 'competence were identified by reviewing the literature of the research. Then, the factors affecting organizational development by identifying the effective indicators on these structures were identified through a semi-structured interview in the qualitative section and in the form of managers' competence desirability questionnaires Sounded up. Findings: These questionnaires were analyzed through structural equations and partial least squares of PLS. After determining the weight of each factor and eliminating negligible factors as well as determining the weight of each index, the effect of dimensions and competency components of managers on Organizational development was studied and the proposed model of research was presented to explain the role of managers' competency in organizational development, and the degree of appropriateness of the proposed model was confirmed according to the research components. Discussion: The findings indicated that managers' competence in organizational, organizational, organizational, and organizational dimensions affects organizational development.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and rank the authentic leadership components in professors with humanistic approach in higher education organizations. Methodology: The research method used in this study a combination of applied and fundamental approaches. The research method was qualitative. The statistical population of the study consisted of professors who were selected using theoretical saturation principle and purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted through reviewing the theoretical foundations. To evaluate the validity of the tool, the researcher used two types of descriptive and interpretive methods and test-retest reliability and in-subject agreement method were used to calculate the reliability of the interviews. Both validity and reliability were confirmed. The method of data analysis was theoretical coding based on the data theorization method. Finding: The results of the content analysis and foundation data method in the present study showed that the components of genuine leadership with a humanistic approach in higher education organizations include, respectively, management strategy components, intra-organizational trust, organizational culture, justice. Internal organization, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational support, empowerment, transparency in communication, self-awareness, balanced information processing, in the field of genuine leadership and empathy components, respect, reasoning, interpersonal relationships, authenticity, job passion, positive self-esteem, reinforcement Selfishness and self-efficacy were at the heart of humanism. Conclusion: Professors who adopt the humanistic and managerial approach, who believe in inter-organizational justice and good citizenship behavior, empathize with others, and achieve interpersonal relationships with others, and in interpersonal relationships with others. They are transparent, will be empowered internally and externally, will be supported by others, and ultimately attain authenticity and prosperity.