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زبان شناسی

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ادبیات اقتصاد تاریخ تربیت بدنی جغرافیا حقوق روانشناسی زبان شناسی علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی علوم اجتماعی علوم اسلامی علوم انسانی علوم تربیتی علوم سیاسی فلسفه و منطق مدیریت مطالعات زنان هنر و معماری
زبان شناسی چیست؟ زبان شناسی کاربردی زبان شناسی نظری سیر تحول زبان شناسی (تاریخچه) علوم مرتبط میان رشته ای ها نقد و بررسی کتاب
ترتیب بر اساس: جدیدترینپربازدیدترین
فیلترهای جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۶٬۵۴۱ تا ۶٬۵۶۰ مورد از کل ۱۱٬۱۰۲ مورد.
۶۵۴۱.

Gender-based Study of Learners' Reading Ability Through Dynamic Assessment (DA): Guthke's Lerntest approach in focus

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۲, Issue ۷, Autumn ۲۰۱۴ 47 - 53

کلیدواژه‌ها: dynamic assessment 039 s Lerntest approach reading ability Zone of Proximal Development

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The intention of the present paper is to seek whether gender has any impact on the effectiveness of applying Guthke's Lerntest approach in reading comprehension. For this purpose, after selecting 60 intermediate EFL learners, they were arbitrarily categorized to four clusters of males and females, two experimental and two control groups, each consisting of 15 male and 15 female learners. Both control and experimental groups took part in a reading performance class, but just the main groups (experimental) were subjected to interventionist model of dynamic assessment (DA) on their reading tests, and control groups were assessed through static testing method. A pretest and a posttest were given to the intermediate level and, a questionnaire comprising 16 items was given to the experimental groups to elicit their attitudes towards the application of Guthke's Lerntest approach. To examine the hypotheses of the current research, independent t-test and Likert -scale were used. The results of the study revealed that EGM and EGF learners were not very much different with regard to their performances on the reading post-test. In addition, the learners held highly positive attitudes towards DA practices in their EFL setting.
۶۵۴۲.

Investigating the Relationship among Iranian EFL Teachers’ Self-regulation, Effective Teaching, Gender, and Teaching Experience(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iinternational Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۹, Issue ۳۵, Spring ۲۰۲۱ (۲) 167 - 186

کلیدواژه‌ها: effective teaching self-regulation teachers’ self-regulatory teaching experience

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۲۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۹
The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between EFL teachers’ self-regulatory trait and effective teaching. Furthermore, the study aimed to find out the relationship between EFL teachers’ self-regulatory trait with some demographics such as gender and years of teaching experience. The participants were 85 EFL male and female teachers between the age ranges of 27 to 52. In addition, 200 male and female high school students between the age ranges of 15 to 17 participated in this study. Self-regulatory trait of the teachers was explored through Teacher Self-regulation Scale (TSR) questionnaire and the qualities of successful Iranian EFL teachers were explored through Qualities of Successful Iranian EFL Teachers’ Questionnaire (QSIET). Empirical analysis revealed that no significant relationship existed between teachers' gender and their self-regulatory trait. However, a significant relationship was found between teachers' self-regulatory trait and years of teaching. The implications of this study can be practical and useful for EFL teachers, who eagerly try to improve their teaching qualifications as well as teacher-training courses. The findings can be also helpful for language teaching designers to design proper syllabuses and materials for language teaching.
۶۵۴۳.

The effect of Virtual and Real Classroom Instruction on Inter-language Pragmatic Development: Microblogging versus Traditional Instruction of Speech Acts to Iranian EFL Learners(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۳, No.۲۷, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۰ 72 - 99

کلیدواژه‌ها: Iranian EFL learners Pragmatic awareness real classroom instruction Speech Acts virtual classroom

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Despite the fact that virtual learning seems to have considerable potential for enhancing language learners’ communicative abilities, it has received less attention for improving pragmatic competence of learners in EFL educational settings. The present study was an attempt to investigate the impact of virtual and real classroom instruction of speech acts on the pragmatic awareness and development of Iranian EFL learners. To do so, a quasi-experimental study was designed and, through a homogeneity test, 57 EFL female language learners at the intermediate level were chosen. The participants were randomly divided into the experimental groups of virtual and real classroom learning and went through the procedure of pretest, intervention, and posttest; the pertinent data were collected by means of a PET test, a speech-act pre-test and comparable post-tests of speech acts. Both measures of independent and paired-samples t-test were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that instruction of speech acts through both virtual and real classroom techniques can be conducive to the promotion of pragmatic awareness among the EFL learners in the Iranian context; meanwhile, real classroom instruction of speech acts proved to be more fruitful and more significantly elevated the pragmatic awareness of Iranian EFL learners. We conclude the study drawing on the implications of our findings for ELT and EFL policy makers, language educators and teachers, material developers, and learners.
۶۵۴۴.

The Impact of Multiple Intelligence-Oriented Writing Tasks on the Accuracy, Fluency, and Organization of ELT Students’ Writing(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۲, No.۲۵, Fall & Winter ۲۰۱۹ 1-31

کلیدواژه‌ها: Accuracy fluency MI-oriented writing tasks Organization writing task-supported instruction

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Correlational studies supporting the link between learners’ multiple intelligences and their learning are superseded by interventionist attempts to explore direct applications of Multiple Intelligence (MI) Theory in language teaching and learning. This quasi-experimental study examined the extent to which engaging ELT major university students in writing tasks, compatible to their dominant intelligences, might enhance the accuracy, organization, and fluency of their writing. The participants were 64 male and female English major sophomores. They were in three intact classes, randomly assigned to a control no task (NT) group, a task-supported (TS) group, and an MI-oriented task (MIT) group after their initial homogeneity was assessed. The fifteen-session treatment comprised pre-writing brainstorming activities in the NT group and a set of pre-writing tasks performed by the TS group. In the MIT group, however, individuals with the same dominant intelligences were grouped together to perform tasks that were compatible with their dominant intelligences. The one-way ANOVA analysis of the research data obtained from the post-test writing scores revealed that the MIT group surpassed the other groups in accuracy, fluency and organization. The findings underscore the necessity of taking learners’ intelligences into consideration as a criterion for task selection and offer important pedagogical implications for teaching writing.
۶۵۴۵.

Merits and Demerits of Domestication Procedure in Children’s Animations: A case study of two dubbed cartoons “The Incredibles” and “Barnyard”

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۲, Issue ۶, Summer ۲۰۱۴ 55 - 61

کلیدواژه‌ها: Domestication dubbing animation dubbed cartoons Merits demerits

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Among the fans of animated films young children are the most popular. This has led the dubbing industry to produce domesticated animations for the young audience of a different language and culture. In other words, in most cases dubbers attempt to adopt domestication procedures to make the language of animations easier and more tangible for children. The domestication strategies may bring both children and their parents great satisfaction. However, as a result of domestication, the dubbers may go too far and utilize a language which is not appropriate for children. Based on Venuti’s theory (1995) of domestication, the present study took a look at the merits and demerits of this procedure. It actually aimed at exploring different cases of inappropriate domestication in the two dubbed cartoons “The Incredibles” and “Barnyard”.
۶۵۴۶.

Effect of Awareness of Teacher Education Philosophy on EFL Teachers’ Professional Skill: A Post-method Perspectivization(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iinternational Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۸, Issue ۲۹, Spring ۲۰۲۰ 91-105

کلیدواژه‌ها: EFL Teachers’ Awareness Postmethod Professional Skill (PS) Teacher Awareness Teacher Education Philosophy (TEP)

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۲۱ تعداد دانلود : ۵۴۵
Teacher education philosophy plays an important role in enhancing the teachers’ awareness of the practices particularly in the context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). This study meant to observe the possible effect of the awareness of teacher education philosophy on EFL teachers’ professional skill in the light of Kumaravadivelu’s postmethod parameters, tapping teachers’ gender, academic qualification, teaching experience, and age. Through a mixed-method approach employing the posttest-only equivalent-groups design, 60 EFL teachers from four language institutes in Isfahan, Iran, were randomly appointed to experimental and control groups. The philosophy of adult education inventory for treatment of experimental group and a book for placebo of control group were used. A questionnaire, an interview, and classroom observation checklist were tools for data collection. T-test, ANOVA, and Mann-Whitney tests exposed a significant difference between EFL teachers’ awareness of teacher education philosophy and their professional skill. Female teachers, bachelor holders, the most experienced teachers, and teachers in the third age range showed better perception of the teacher education philosophy. The implications derive education policy-makers to demarcate quality resources, teacher educators to modify training approaches, and EFL teachers to develop their professional related presentations.
۶۵۴۷.

A Mixed-Method Approach on the Role of Self-Constructs in Self-Regulation(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۶, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۰ 217 - 237

کلیدواژه‌ها: self-constructs ideal L2 self Self-efficacy Beliefs self-regulation

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۲۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۱۲
The current mixed-method research aimed to investigate the effects of self-constructs on self-regulation. To this end, a number of 127 Iranian EFL learners were chosen randomly as the sample of the study. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were designed. Also, correlation analysis and regression analysis were run on the data. The results of interview data suggested that motivated learners who reported self-regulation tended to display positive visualization of their ideal L2 self and self-efficacy beliefs. Besides, the result of correlation analysis indicated that ideal L2 self had stronger association with self-efficacy beliefs than with self-regulation, suggesting that it is necessary to hold positive beliefs towards language learning in order to visualize oneself as a proficient and successful language user. Of the two self-constructs, self-regulation turned out to be most strongly associated with self-efficacy followed by ideal L2 self indicating that what characterizes self-regulated learners is that their levels of self-efficacy is higher compared to those who are not. Finally, the result of regression analysis revealed that self-efficacy and, to the lesser extent, ideal L2 self were found as direct predictors of self-regulation. It seems unlikely to be a motivated learner without the actual beliefs in ones’ ability and a strong actualization of one’s image as a successful language user.   
۶۵۴۸.

Developing EOP materials for Pre-service Cabin Crew: A text-driven approach(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iinternational Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۹, Issue ۳۴, Spring ۲۰۲۱ (۱) 41 - 68

کلیدواژه‌ها: cabin crew EOP Flight attendants language proficiency Materials Development

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۱۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۹۱
One prominent criterion to achieve efficient learning and instruction in an educational setting is the appropriate material(s) specifically developed for that particular group of learners, particularly in an English for Occupational Purposes (EOP) context. This study aimed at developing new EOP materials for pre-service cabin crew in an aviation school. To do so, initially the researchers performed the evaluation of the current EOP textbook through a checklist and interviews with 20 English teachers who did not express much satisfaction about it. Consequently, having been convinced about the unsatisfactory results, the researchers developed new materials for this group of learners. The new materials was later implemented on 30 learners as the experimental group as opposed to another 30 as the control group being instructed by the current material. The findings demonstrated significant differences in the experimental group achievement of language proficiency at the end of the course compared to their language proficiency at the beginning of the course. Moreover, the results expressed significant differences between the achievement of control and experimental groups at the end of EOP courses, in favor of the experimental group. The newly developed EOP materials for flight attendants could be widely instructed in the airlines and aviation schools based on the obtained findings.
۶۵۴۹.

Effects of Using Tenets of Genre Analysis on Iranian Pre-intermediate EFL Learners' Reading Comprehension(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۴, Issue ۱۴, Summer ۲۰۱۶ 35 - 45

کلیدواژه‌ها: Genre Genre Analysis genre move Genre-based instruction Reading Comprehension Iranian EFL learners

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۲۰ تعداد دانلود : ۳۲۰
Genre-based approach has been the focus of interest in the teaching of language since the mid1980s. Genre is defined in terms of the use of language in conventionalized communicative settings. The present study made an attempt to scrutinize the effects of genre-based pedagogy on Iranian Pre-intermediate EFL leaners' reading comprehension as well as the interaction between their reading comprehension achievement and their general English proficiency. To examine the formulated hypothesis, a sample of 80 Pre-intermediate EFL learners attending a language institute was selected. Then, the participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The instructional procedures went on six sessions before the posttest was administered. The results of an independent samples t test revealed that genre-based pedagogy had a significant effect on Iranian Pre-intermediate EFL learners' reading comprehension. Implications of the study can include, among other things, the incorporation of genre-based pedagogy in the EFL language teaching curriculum in Iran.
۶۵۵۰.

نقدی بر تمایز مضاف الیه اسمی و مضاف الیه وصفی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: مطالعات زبان و گویش های غرب ایران سال هشتم زمستان ۱۳۹۹ شماره ۳۱ 117 - 127

کلیدواژه‌ها: اسم مرکب گروه اسمی مضاف الیه اسمی مضاف الیه وصفی ساختِ اضافه

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طبیب زاده و برادران همتی (۱۳۹۴) براساس معیارهای مختلف، نقشِ اسمِ دوم در ساخت های اسم + کسره اضافه + اسم را به دو نوعِ مضاف الیه اسمی و مضاف الیه وصفی تقسیم می کنند. آن ها به درستی برخی ویژگی های مغفول مانده گروه های اسمی زبان فارسی را تأکید می کنند، امّا به نظر می رسد در توصیف صحیح این ویژگی ها ناموفّق هستند. اوّل اینکه آن ها معیارهای مناسبی برای تشخیص مضاف الیه وصفی و تمایزِ آن با ساخت های دیگر ارائه نمی دهند. دوم اینکه مواردی که به مثابه نمونه های مضاف الیه وصفی مدّ نظر دارند، با وجود شباهتِ کلّی شان، تفاوت های ماهوی با یکدیگر دارند و نمی توان آن ها را در یک دسته قرار داد. سوم اینکه آن ها در نهایت معیارهای قطعی یا جامع و مانع برای تشخیص مضاف الیه وصفی به دست نمی دهند و آن را به عوامل بافتی و کلامی وامی گذارند.    
۶۵۵۱.

The Effects of Noticing on Learners’ Grammar Achievements: Cognitive and Ecological Perspectives(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Language Studies,Vol ۱۳, No. ۱, ۲۰۲۱ 19 - 38

کلیدواژه‌ها: awareness cognitive language learning ecology of language learning noticing recasts

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Despite a great number of studies exploring Schmidt’s noticing hypothesis in the cognitive perspective of language learning, the investigations focused on noticing in the ecological perspective are rather rare in number. The present study was an attempt to examine how noticing second language recast could affect the learners’ achievements of grammatical structures through these two perspectives (i.e., cognitive and ecological). To do so, one hundred and twenty first-year college students at Islamic Azad University and Applied Science University in Tehran took part in this study. The students were divided into two cognitive and ecological groups and received two different treatments. During the treatment, the learners in all groups received recast and their noticing was assessed through learners’ raising hands and underlining. In the end, a posttest was conducted to measure the effectiveness of the treatment. Data analysis revealed that the ecological perspective of language learning was more conducive to noticing and subsequent language learning. The study also made contributions by actualizing the ecological project-based meaningful activities, shedding light on the importance of affordance and interaction in the context of language learning.
۶۵۵۲.

Perceptual Learning Styles Preferences: A Comparison between Language Learners in Second and Foreign Language Settings(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۴, Fall & Winter ۲۰۱۹ 303-322

کلیدواژه‌ها: Perceptual Learning Styles Language Learner Second language Foreign Language

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The purpose of the present research is to investigate the perceptual learning style preferences of 131 learners who studied Persian as a second language (from 17 nationalities) in Iran and 97 learners of Persian as a foreign Language in 28 other countries, taking into account predominant perceptual learning style preferences and demographic variables including age, gender, etc. for the first time. The Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire (PLSPQ) was administered. The descriptive statistics of the learning styles preferences showed that tactile, kinesthetic and auditory are respectively the first three learning style preferences among the learners of Persian as a second language, while the other learners of Persian as a foreign language preferred kinesthetic, tactile and auditory learning styles. The data analysis showed that there were no significant differences between the style scores of the two groups. Also, the findings revealed a significant difference in preference between foreign and second language learners of Persian using group styles. Foreign Persian language learners exhibited a high preference for the group learning style. In addition, the correlation was significant between geographic region (to be or not to be Asian) and different learning styles.
۶۵۵۳.

Demystifying Problems and Opportunities of the Persianophone Physical Education Ph.D. Academic Writers in Writing English Research Article Abstracts for International Journal Publication(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۸, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۱ 147 - 171

کلیدواژه‌ها: َArticle ERPP ESAP Manuscripts perceptions Sports Technology Writers

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۱۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۶۴
Writing effective and persuasive manuscripts for submission to the high-indexed Iranian and international English-medium journals for the purpose of publication deserves having to-the-point knowledge and proficiency, which the Non-Native English writers of the non-English speaking countries seem to be lacking. Therefore, researchers need to identify problems and challenges that the group of writers encounter in the field of English for Research Publication Purposes (ERPP). Therefore, this study aims to identify the ERPP needs of the Physical Education Ph.D. students and writers. Hence, interviews were conducted with a group of Physical Education content experts and Ph.D. students to identify the writers’ problems and challenges. The interviews were tape recorded as the participants had already been informed of the recordings and research aim. The tape recordings were then transcribed and analyzed in the thematic analysis and the grounded theory methods. The data analysis came up with four major themes (gained in the selective coding stage), 20 sub-themes (gained in the axial coding stage) and 83 themes (gained in the initial/open coding stage). The four major themes were `problem with language,’ `problem with content,’ `problem with journals,’ and `the demotivating factors.’ The fourth major theme, i.e., `the demotivating factors’, consisted of the sub-heading the technological illiteracy problem, which should be regarded as the novelty feature of this paper. The research is useful for material designers and instructors of the English for Specific Academic Purposes (ESAP) and others to offer tailor-made education to the tertiary level Physical Education students.
۶۵۵۴.

The Impact of Proactive and Reactive Focus on Form in Multimodal Settings on EFL Learners' Comprehension and Production of Modal Auxiliaries(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۳۷, Issue ۴, winter ۲۰۱۹ 1 - 46

کلیدواژه‌ها: modal auxiliaries Multimodal input Proactive focus on form Reactive focus on form

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The major objective of this experimental research was to assess the differences between two varieties of focus on form instruction, namely proactive and reactive across multimodal vs. traditional input settings in both comprehension and production of modal auxiliaries. The participants of the study were 75 Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) high school students at the elementary level in three classes. The students in each class took part in a pre-test including both comprehension and production items. Then, they were randomly exposed to one of the three types of grammar instruction, i.e. proactive focus on form in which students were exposed to multimodal input through preplanned techniques of input enhancement and input flood, reactive focus on form in which the tasks occurred in multimodal episodes including negotiation and correction by the instructor through recasts, clarification requests, and repetition techniques. Lastly, in the control group, the students were provided with a pamphlet and their teacher’s explanations. The post-test was then administered to the three groups, and the results were analyzed by conducting a one-way-analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) which revealed a significant difference among these three groups. The results showed that the proactive group outperformed the reactive and control groups both in the comprehension and production of modal auxiliaries. At the end of the experiment, a brief survey which was accomplished through an interview revealed that the majority of the students highly favored PowerPoint presentations, teacher's explanations, and video clips respectively.
۶۵۵۵.

Exploring the Perceptions of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners about Reading Comprehension Ability

نویسنده:
منبع: Foreign Language Teaching and Translation Studies, Vol. ۷, No.۲, ۲۰۲۲ 33 - 58

کلیدواژه‌ها: Background or Prior Knowledge culture Learners’ Perception Reading Comprehension

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Learners’ perception of culture on receptive skills more specifically on reading comprehension has been an area facing a big challenge contemporarily. The current research aimed to investigate the cultural perception of Iranian EFL learners on reading comprehension ability. To conduct the study, a mixed-methods design consisting of a questionnaire and interview study was used. Participants, 50 intermediate EFL learners (25 males, 25 females), were randomly selected using Oxford Placement Test. The participants were provided with two passages with different cultural contents (one containing Iranian culture and another containing culture of English spoken countries). Then participants were required to fill in a Likert-scale questionnaire which was distributed through Google form online platform. Also, an interview session was conducted to gather more detailed data. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded to find common themes. Analysis of interview and questionnaire data showed that learners hold similar cultural perceptions on reading comprehension ability by gender and social class has no significant impact on learners' perceptions. The results of the study specified that Iranian EFL learners held a positive attitude towards the integration of cultural materials into reading passages to better comprehend the target language. Moreover, it was seen that gender and social class did not impact significantly learners' cultural perceptions of English reading comprehension. The findings imply that ESL students with various reading levels or capabilities can learn from materials that are culturally diverse, specifically the ones at higher reading proficiency levels.
۶۵۵۶.

The Effect of Focused Corrective Feedback and Attitude on Grammatical Accuracy: A Study of Iranian EFL Learners(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: international Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۴, Issue ۱۵, Autumn ۲۰۱۶ 75 - 85

کلیدواژه‌ها: Grammatical accuracy Written Corrective Feedback (WCF) focused feedback unfocused feedback attitude

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The study aimed at investigating the efficacy of written corrective feedback (CF) in improving Iranian EFL learners’ grammatical accuracy. It compared the effects of focused and unfocused written CF on the learners’ grammatical accuracy. 75 EFL students formed a one control and two experimental groups. The focused feedback group was provided with error correction in tenses. The unfocused feedback group was provided with error correction in tense, articles, spelling, pronouns, vocabulary, and prepositions. The results indicated a significant improvement in accuracy for the two experimental groups from pretest to posttest. The outcomes demonstrated that giving written CF was effective, which enhanced learners' grammatical accuracy, and that focused and unfocused written CF were not of differential significant effect in such manner. The results on the construct of the attitudinal questionnaire indicated learners’ preference in two experimental groups for the interactional activities, error correction, and the different type of CF techniques. The mean scores on each content area of the questionnaire suggested that learners in the focused group scored higher than the other groups in their attitudes toward the errors to be corrected.
۶۵۵۷.

Discoursal Analysis of Rhetorical Structure of an Online Iraqi English Newspaper(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research, Volume ۳, Issue ۹, Spring ۲۰۱۵ 10 - 16

کلیدواژه‌ها: Rhetorical structure rhetorical moves online newspaper Cohesion opinion articles

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Rhetorical structure is helpful in improving how the writers maintain cohesion in their writings. This study examines how the Iraqi writers maintain cohesion in the text by analyzing the various rhetorical moves in Azzaman, an online Iraqi newspaper. To this purpose, twelve opinion articles from Azzaman Iraqi newspaper, published from January 2013 to June 2013 were analyzed. The findings revealed a common rhetorical pattern: the introduction section, the intermediate section, and the coda section (conclusion stage). All these were frequently used, but the use of intermediate section (solution stage) and coda section (moral stage) were less frequently-used in comparison with the introduction section. The findings of this study reflect the way Iraqis write opinion articles in English newspapers, and generally show that the use of similar patterns in the rhetorical structure mirrors the writing of second language writers’ writing to convey information to second language readers.
۶۵۵۸.

بررسی نگرش مدرسان انگلیسی درباره اهمیت و کاربرد ارزیابی پویا به غیر انگلیسی زبانان(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهش های زبانشناختی در زبانهای خارجی دوره ۹ زمستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۴ 1305 - 1338

کلیدواژه‌ها: ارزیابی پویا مدرسان انگلیسی به غیر انگلیسی زبانان ادراک مدرسان منطقه مجاور رشد ارزشیابی ایستا

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۱۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۴۸
با توجه به اینکه اکثر تصمیم ها در مورد موقعیت آکادمیک فراگیران، بر اساس نتایج ارزیابی آن ها اتخاذ می شود؛ ارزیابی نقش بسزایی در نظام آموزشی دارد. مرسوم ترین روش ارزیابی که هم اکنون در دنیا استفاده می شود، ارزیابی ایستا است. طی دهه های گذشته، به شیوه های دیگر ارزیابی ازجمله خویش ارزیابی ، دیگر ارزیابی و ارزیابی پویا بسیار توجه شد. محور اصلی این مطالعه ارزیابی پویاست ;I درک و برداشت مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در رابطه با اهمیت و کاربرد ارزشیابی پویا در ایران بررسی میکند. به همین منظور 25 مدرس زبان انگلیسی خانم و آقا با سابقه متفاوت در تدریس از طریق نمونه برداری هدفدار، برای شرکت در مطالعه انتخاب شدند. مصاحبه ای نیمه باز شامل 23 سوال برای استفاده در این مطالعه طراحی شد. پیش از مطالعه اصلی، روایی و پایاییِ پرسش ها توسط 3 متخصص ارزشیابی زبان بررسی شد. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که مدرسان ایرانی، دیدگاه مثبتی به ارزش یابی پویا در کلاس های خود داشتند اما به دلیل محدودیت های سیستم آموزشی، زمان ، هزینه و کمبود دانش نمی توانند تئوری را به عمل تبدیل کنند
۶۵۵۹.

Pronominal Description of Poguli

نویسنده:
منبع: هنر زبان دوره ۴ بهمن ۱۳۹۷ (۲۰۱۸) شماره ۱

کلیدواژه‌ها: Dialect Poguli Pronouns Subclasses of Pronouns Grammatical Functions

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۲۰ تعداد دانلود : ۶۷۳
Poguli is spoken in the Pogal-Paristan area of district Ramban in the state of Jammu and Kashmir (India). Poguli shows interesting and significant variations from Kashmiri in phonology, morphology, and vocabulary, but linguistic research on these aspects of the dialect of Kashmiri has been inadequate and fragmentary. Limited work has been done on Poguli and is mostly based on oral form. The present paper attempts to study Poguli on morphological description basis. The study shall include description of pronouns of Poguli in question. It aims to give a complete account of different features of pronouns in Poguli.
۶۵۶۰.

Review of Linguistic Inequality and Injustice in Academic Writing(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۴۱, Issue ۴, fall ۲۰۲۲ 173 - 188

کلیدواژه‌ها: Injustice Imperialism Standardization Criticality academic writing

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۱۸ تعداد دانلود : ۲۸۹
This review article examines the underpinning of the little-researched, influential elements that create linguistic injustice in the specific contexts of linguistic imperialism through standardization. To this end, with a review of critical views that includes argumentation and discussion of theoretical and empirical studies, we further aim to highlight linguistic injustice in writing for publishing. The domination of the English language as a lingua academia has not happened neutrally and can create unjust and unequal situations. In knowledge construction, the prosperity of researchers and academics is tied to international publication, and this action supports globalization, individualism, and standardization in favor of native English users. The domination of the English language in academic settings may be a hegemonic practice of native Anglophones to maintain power.  In this review, we underline the possibilities for privileged communities to pinpoint linguistic inequality and injustice.  The nature of academia should be liberal and liberating; however, in reality, academic settings are politically partisan and at the service of the powerful and wealthy. Still, there is slim hope that the system can change, and one of such profound changes may happen with equal access to resources and mentors for marginalized communities. In this case, the minorities’ voices may also be heard and respected globally.

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