تحلیل کیفیِ شرایط، وضعیت و پیامدهای عادت واره نهادی عاملان اجتماعی میدان تولید آموزش (مطالعه موردی معلمان دوره متوسطه دوم شهر مشهد (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر سعی در تبیین این مسأله را دارد که وضعیت عادت واره آموزشی معلمان در ایران چگونه است، در طول زمان دستخوش چه تغییراتی شده است، چه شرایطی در شکل دهی آن نقش داشته است و چه پیامدهایی به دنبال داشته است؟ بر این اساس هدف اصلی در تحقیق حاضر بررسی وضعیت و تحولات عادتواره آموزشی معلمان در میدان آموزش است. در راستای پاسخ به مسأله تحقیق، چارچوب مفهومی پژوهش بر اساس نظریات بوردیو تدوین گردید. جهت گردآوری و تحلیل داده ها از روش تحلیل موضوعی بهره گرفته شد. مشارکت کنندگان این تحقیق عبارت بودند از معلمان شهر مشهد که با استفاده از نمونه گیری هدفمند و معیار اشباع نظری با 31 نفر از آن ها مصاحبه گردید. جهت گردآوری داده ها نیز از تکنیک مصاحبه نیمه عمیق و برای تحلیل داده ها نیز از تکنیک کدگذاری باز و محوری استفاده گردید. نتایج تحقیق بیانگر آن است که عادت واره آموزشی معلمان تحت تأثیر شرایطی مانند مشکلات اقتصادی، مشکلات منزلتی-تبعیضی، اشتغال به شغل دوم آموزشی، اشتغال به شغل دوم غیر آموزشی، کاهش عادت واره آموزشی و منطق ضد آموزش میدان آموزش در سال های اخیر کاهش یافته است. با توجه به رابطه متقابل بین میدان تولید و مصرف، شکل گیری پدیده سیر نزولی عادت واره آموزشی عاملان اجتماعی میدان تولید، عادت واره آموزشی عاملان اجتماعی میدان مصرف را نیز تحت تأثیر قرار داده و موجب کاهش آن شده است. بنابراین یکی از چالش های میدان آموزش که کارآمدی آن را نیز با مشکل مواجه ساخته است، ضعف عادت-واره آموزشی عاملان اجتماعی میدان تولید است.Qualitative analysis of conditions and the consequences of educational habitus of social agents in the field of educational production (Case study: Mashhad secondary high schools teachers)
Introduction The condition of educational habitus of teachers in Iran, and how it is changed over the time, Or what conditions has shaped it, Are the main purposes of this study. Accordingly the main purpose of this study is to investigate the status and evolutions of teacher’s educational habitus in the field of education.
Conceptual framework: In order to answer questions above, we built the conceptual framework based on the Bourdieu’s theories. Bourdieu perceived habitus as a relatively stable system of qualities (characteristics, values and desires) that is provided in the agent’s personality by experience and in interaction with others, while identifying life styles, manages to deal with different situations and finally governs the actions respectively (Bourdieu, 1995, 6). From Bourdieu’s point of view, habitus are the basis for action (Bourdieu, 2008, 100). If the habitus of social agents does not match the purposes of the field or is not logical, the field will not achieve its goals.
Method: To gather and analyze the data we used thematic analysis method. Participants were Mashhad high school teachers. In this study 31 teachers interviewed using purposeful sampling and theoretical saturations. For gathering data, choosing samples and determining samples size we used semi-deep interviewing method, purposeful sampling and theoretical saturation criterion respectively. For data analysis open and axial coding methods were used.
results: The results indicates that teachers educational habitus is influenced by some conditions such as: economic, discrimination problems, having other training careers, having non educational careers, loosing educational habitus and the anti-training procedures of the field, has been descended recently. Regarding the interaction between production and consumption fields, the formation of the decreasing trend of educational habitus phenomenon in the production field, educational habitus influenced social agents of the consumption field either and made it decreased.
Conclusion: Since teachers are the most important social agents in the field of education production and they must have provided high levels of educational habitus to fully implement the professional field of education, the results are not satisfactory. Therefore one of the key challenges in the field of education which is affected the efficiency either, is the weakness in the educational habitus of social agents in the field of production. The condition of educational habitus of teachers in Iran, and how it is changed over the time, Or what conditions has shaped it, Are the main purposes of this study. Accordingly the main purpose of this study is to investigate the status and evolutions of teacher’s educational habitus in the field of education. In order to answer questions above, we built the conceptual framework based on the Bourdieu’s theories. To gather and analyze the data we used thematic analysis method. Participants were Mashhad high school teachers. In this study 31 teachers interviewed using purposeful sampling and theoretical saturations. For gathering data, choosing samples and determining samples size we used semi-deep interviewing method, purposeful sampling and theoretical saturation criterion respectively. For data analysis open and axial coding methods were used.
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