مطالب

Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers nerve cells use to transmit signals to target cells. Neurotransmitters affect the behavioral aspects of investors' performance. Therefore, this study investigated neurotransmitters' effect on individual investors' behavior by using structural equation modeling. To achieve this goal, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis has been used. The study is applied research and utilizes a survey methodology. The required data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires among 315 individual investors. This study was done in the Tehran stock exchange's second and third seasons of 2023. According to the research, neurotransmitters through eight components of adrenaline or epinephrine, noradrenaline or norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, GABA (gamma-aminobutyric add), acetylcholine, glutamate, and endorphins affect the behavior of individual investors. Based on the second-order confirmatory factor analysis, the GABA component (0.39) has the highest impact, and adrenaline or epinephrine (0.25) has the least effect on the behavior of individual investors. The findings indicate the necessity of redefining rationality and considering its effects on investors' decisions and behavior.

 Task sequencing (TS) has been a focus of empirical investigations in task-based language teaching (TBLT). Previous studies on TS failed to represent classroom contexts because they did not provide learners with corrective feedback (CF). This study aimed to address this gap by examining the combined effects of TS and CF on writing complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF). To do so, 113 upper-intermediate EFL learners were selected and divided into two groups. Participants took a pretest at the beginning of the study. Each group performed two three-task sets in simple-to-complex(S-C) or complex-to-simple(C-S) order. In each group, the errors in the first set of tasks were given CF by error codes (ECs), while the errors in the second set were only underlined. Participants in both groups were asked to revise their texts based on the provided CF and take a posttest at the end of the study. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was run to analyze the pretest and posttest data. The results showed that the group performing tasks in S-C order and receiving ECs outperformed the others. Findings supported the SSARC (Stabilize, Simplify, Automatize, Reconstruct, Complexify) model. The study has implications for material development.

This interdisciplinary, descriptive, library based research adopts Mark Elin’s theory of “Personality Disorder” to study William Dorrit’s character, whose title in the novel is the “Father of Marshalsea”. Elin’s theory of personality disorder is based upon the functions of “self-memory”, of which “Reality Testing” is an important one. Applying this theory, the research shows that in the first book of the novel, William Dorrit’s personality disorder vacillates between Narcissism and inferiority complex. In the second book, however, his personality disorder turns into “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder” which is caused by the overwhelming events of the past. Reality-testing, does not operate properly in William Dorrit’s mind. Consequently, he is not capable of making distinctions between memory and reality. The final outcome of this incapability is his complete mental breakdown. The other finding of this research is the existence of a structural symmetry between chapters nineteen of both books of the novel, in which the major themes are William Dorrit’s mental and psychological agitations.

Background: As companies are increasingly committed to sustainability practices in all their activities, they also have the increasing opportunity to communicate it to strengthen the brand through various means. One of them is undoubtedly represented by social media.Aims: This paper examines the communication of fashion sustainability through social media, and in particular its visual dimension, by undertaking a content analysis of over 600 Instagram photos of two Tunisian brands that are visibly exposed on the sustainability front.Methodology: Statistical analysis of this communication based on image, caption and hashtag is used to provide interesting insights into the elements that underlie effective online sustainability communication and, more specifically, on visual social media. Three theories are used to explain this topic namely Speech Act Theory, Color Theory, and Technology for Environmental Action Model (TPAM). Nine themes related to sustainability and fashion were extracted from the images of two sustainable brands “Shab Kids”, “Triiiza” and “Tommy Hilfiger” accompanied by their captions and hashtags.Finding: Our findings contribute significantly to understanding the elements used in visual communication of sustainable fashion brands on social media. For brand-generated content, we selected two eco-responsible Tunisian brands elected by “ileycom” (online marketplace) that declare themselves sustainable and are known in the fashion industry and among consumers for their orientation towards sustainable practices. Sustainable brands engage consumers in a conversation about sustainability, which can strengthen brand identity and create an emotional connection with the audience.Conclusion: It is essential for brands to communicate sustainability while taking full advantage of social media platforms like Instagram. Our study analyzed various communication elements on Instagram such as single image, multiple images, hashtags, and captions.