مطالب

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to provide a model for predicting time series of financial information based on the Lyapunov representation of information using chaos theory.Method: This research is applied in its purpose, which is conducted using a quantitative approach. The research ranks as descriptive-causal accounting research based on actual information in companies' financial statements. The research method is the "post-event" type and was carried out using chaos theory and Saida's method based on the Lyapunov view.Findings: The findings showed that during the ADF test, the null hypothesis was rejected at a level of less than 5% type 1 error and 95% confidence, and it shows that the data is not static. During the substitution analysis test and its significance level, the behavior of the time series of the main financial information is significantly different compared to their substitutes. The obtained value was calculated to describe the production process of all data sets for μ = 2, ApEnMax equal to 0.65 and rMax equal to 0.32, and for μ = 3, ApEnMax equal to 0.6 and rMax equal to 0.44. The value of the Lyapunov profile in stability at a certain point is less than zero and in the limited cycle of stability is equal to zero and in chaos, it is greater than zero and smaller than ∞, and in noise it is equal to ∞.Conclusion: The results show that higher returns, encourage investors to invest and increase the flow of capital. It is believed that companies' stock returns are a function of systematic risk, and systematic risk represents the changes in the return rate of a share compared to the changes in the return rate of the entire stock market.

Purpose: This research aimed to identify and evaluate the risks of content production in the governmental digital libraries of Tehran.Method: In terms of essence, this research is synthetic (library studies, qualitative and quantitative), and regarding purpose, it is an applied one.  In the first part, using the studies of the research literature, a set of indicators related to the risks of content production in the governmental libraries of Tehran was obtained. The second part of this research involved a fuzzy Delphi approach that was conducted at two stages among 20 experts. In this stage, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the indicators obtained from the first stage was used. The third part of the research was a survey-analysis conducted with a quantitative method using a questionnaire made out based on the results of qualitative stage with three criteria: the probability of occurrence, effect intensity, and the inability of organization to respond and was distributed among 100 managers and experts of governmental digital libraries in Tehran.Findings: In this research, the risks of content production were identified and fell into nine major categories (human force, environmental factors, infrastructure, protection and maintenance,  creators`  technical rights, integration, content evaluation of sources and authors and information security).Conclusion: The results of this evaluation show that digital libraries are not exactly at their best level when it comes to their responses to the risk of human resources, authors' rights, and integration risks.

This article serves as a continuation of our exploration into "Achaemenid Phoenicia," following our previous work on "Persian influence on Phoenician architecture. In this research, we delve into additional available evidence concerning Achaemenid Phoenicia, along with pertinent historical sources. Our primary objective is to provide a more holistic view of Persian influence on Phoenicia. The next step is to offer possible corrections or complements to the results of previous paper, which focused on the presence and dominance of the Achaemenids in the region, the non-uniformity of Persian elements in the architecture of Phoenician city-states, and the absence of a connection between the importance of a city-state and the extent of Persian influence on it. By studying additional evidence, we surmise that Persian influences were popular among the upper class and, to some extent, the middle class of society. When it comes to royal art, the evidence from Sidon indicates a notable influence, whereas that from Tyre suggests a certain conservatism, despite the significance of the city-state. However, other movable findings discovered in the territory of Tyre reveal Persian influence, indicating the lack of conservatism among the elites of Tyre in contrast to their local royal court. Regarding the entry of Persian elements into Phoenicia, the available evidence suggests that the presence of Persian officials in Phoenicia, as well as Phoenicians who visited centers such as Susa and Persepolis, could have been two major factors in this cultural penetration. Overall, our findings support and enhance those of our previous study.