درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Social issues and social participation and deviations are important issues in divine discussions and teachings. In a number of verses of the Qur’an and the Testaments, the issue of social participation and feeling of anomie has been discussed with similarities and differences. The questions raised here, “what cases and examples of the meaning of anomie are expressed in the Holy Qur’an and the Testaments?” and “what is its relation with social participation?” This research studies and analyzes the issue in the Holy Qur’an and the Testaments, using the comparative study and the descriptive-analytical method. In conclusion, if the members of the society consciously organize their actions, participate with each other, and obey the commands of God and the Prophets, problems and dilemmas mostly will be solved by themselves and the society will move towards happiness and prosperity. In contrast, if the participation and mutual solidarity of people in the society are lost and disobedience to the divine commands and opposition to the divine prophets become widespread in the society, members become abnormal. In case this situation spreads in the society generally, the society will suffer from anomie, abnormality, and disorder.

 SUBJECT & OBJECTIVES: Islamic Mysticism presents three fundamental ontological dimensions of the Perfect Human: the personal, the divine, and the creational. In this paper, our main focus will be the third dimension, which underscores his supremacy and sovereignty over the entire hierarchy of the self-disclosures of God. We aim to prove some of the fundamental characteristics of this dimension introduced by authorities of mysticism through subtleties drawn from the Quran and Sunnah based on the principles of esoteric interpretation as understood by authorities of mysticism.METHOD & FINDING: This research tries to establish a dialogue between the characteristics of the mystical doctrine of the Perfect Human and the teachings of the Quran and Sunnah by using the comparative-analytical method and citing library sources. Evidence from the Quran and Ḥadīth appropriate to each characteristic and property of the Perfect Human after depicting its ontological status and providing a mystical exposition of the same is provided.  Such evidence is not confined to mere explicit similarity apparent at the level of words but also considers content compatibility that resonates with the spirit of the religious text. CONCLUSION:  According to the Quran and Sunnah, the Perfect Human has ontological characteristics such as being Rūḥ al-ʿAlam (the spirit of the universe), Wāsiṭat al-Fayḍ (the principal intermediary of divine grace), and al-Shafāʿah al-Kubrā (the station of his supreme intercession). Whilst analyzing the Quranic verses and Ḥadīth, one realizes that the perfect human spoken about in mysticism is not different from the Infallible Imam of the Twelver Shi‘as.