درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The current study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle and cognitive function, overweight, and sleep quality among children and adolescents in Abyek city during the quarantine period. Method: In this study, a descriptive-analytical research method was used, and a combination of stratified and multi-stage cluster sampling was employed for sampling. The study population included 2152 students (1184 girls and 968 boys) from elementary and middle school levels in Abyek city. Data were collected using electronic questionnaires, which were a compilation of the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ localized in 2009), Beck Physical Activity (Beck et al., 1982), Cognitive Function (Nejati et al., 2013), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, sent online to the students. Subsequently, the collected data were analyzed and examined. Findings: This study found no significant correlation between students' BMI and their dietary habits or physical activity level (p > 0.001, rs = 0.45) as well as between physical activity level and dietary habits or cognitive performance. However, there was a significant positive correlation between sleep quality and physical activity level scores (p < 0.011, rs = 0.26), and between cognitive performance and sleep quality (p < 0.001, rs = 0.49). Regarding gender differences, male students had a higher Body Mass Index (BMI) and physical activity level compared to female students (p = 0.018 and p < 0.001, respectively), and there was a significant difference in dietary habits between boys and girls (p = 0.006). No significant difference was observed between boys and girls in terms of sleep quality and cognitive performance (p = 0.180 and p = 0.693, respectively). Conclusion: According to the study, it appears that changes in diet, physical activity, and sleep quality affect students' cognitive performance during the COVID-19 quarantine. These results indicate that planning to maintain and control physical activity, nutrition, and sleep quality during quarantine is essential to mitigate potential negative effects on students' cognitive performance.

Objective: This study was conducted to examine the structural model describing the connection between sexual function and psychosocial factors with life satisfaction based on the mediator role of cognitive emotion regulation in women with endometriosis. Method: This present study was a descriptive correlational research based on structural equations. The statistical population of the study included all women with endometriosis, referring to Arash Hospital as a referral Women's Center and Gynecological office in Tehran, Iran, in 2023-2024. According to Morgan's formula, a sample of 357 participants was chosen through convenience sampling. The tools employed in this study for data collection were the Women’s Sexual Function Index (Isidori et al., 2010), Short Form Symptom Checklist-25-Revised (Derogatis et al., 1973), Social Health Questionnaire (Keyes, 2004), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diner, 1985). Data analysis was done using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and path analysis, and AMOS22 software was utilized to assess the proposed model, and the mediating relationships within it were also calculated using the bootstrap method. Results: The findings from structural equation modeling supported the model's goodness of fit and indicated that psychological factors negatively affect life satisfaction through the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in women with endometriosis (β= -0.114, p<0.001). In addition, the relationship between biological and social factors and life satisfaction through the mediating variable was not found to be significant. Nevertheless, the overall effect of psychological, social, and biological factors (including the sum of direct and indirect pathways) in connection with life satisfaction was significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to the findings, the model has a good fit, and cognitive emotion regulation has a mediating role in the relationship between sexual function and psychosocial factors with life satisfaction. This study offers a valuable framework for recognizing key factors influencing life satisfaction in women with endometriosis, which should be taken into account in psychological treatment programs.

 Objective: Families frequently experience a variety of wonderful occurrences and, at times, face difficult circumstances, such as the birth of a child with special needs. These conditions can profoundly affect the dynamics of a family. This research aimed to examine parental stress and locus of control between parents of children with certain learning disorder and those without.Methods: This study utilized a descriptive-comparative methodology. The statistics population comprised all primary school students in the city of Talesh during March to June 2024. The research sample consisted of 116 people (56 parents of children with specific learning disorder and 60 parents with children without specific learning disorder) who were selected through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the Internal-External Locus of Control (IPC) scale. Multivariate analysis of variance and independent t-tests were employed to analyze the data.Results: The findings revealed a notable disparity in parental stress and locus of control between parents of children with specific learning disorder and those without (P<0.05).Conclusion: The findings indicate that parents of children with learning disorder endure elevated stress levels and a heightened perception of loss of control, hence increasing their risk.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on self-efficacy and posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer. Methods: This quasi-experimental study (pre-test - post-test with control group) involved 30 women with breast cancer in Sari (2021) who were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of 15 participants each, an experimental group and a control group. The measurement instruments used were the General Self-Efficacy Scale by Schwarzer and Jerusalem (1979) and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory by Tedeschi and Calhoun (1996), completed by the participants. Subsequently, participants in the experimental group attended 10 sessions of 60-minute emotion-focused therapy over a period of ten weeks. However, no therapy sessions were conducted for the control group. Ultimately, data analysis was performed using the covariance analysis method. Findings: The analysis revealed that after the intervention, there was a significant difference between the control and experimental groups in both variables of self-efficacy and posttraumatic growth (p ≤ .05). Significant differences were observed in the components of self-efficacy (general self-preparedness and social self-efficacy) and three components of posttraumatic growth (relating to others, personal strength, and appreciation of life) between the women in the experimental and control groups (p ≤ .05); however, no significant differences were observed in the components of new possibilities and spiritual change. Conclusion: The use of emotion-focused therapy is an appropriate intervention to enhance self-efficacy and posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer, which can be beneficial for improving psychological well-being and better coping with the disease and treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of integrated behavioral couple therapy and schema-focused couple therapy on conflict resolution styles among conflicting couples in Shiraz. Methods: The research employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up. The statistical population included all conflicting couples who visited the Fajr Counseling Center in Shiraz in 2022, from whom 45 couples were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: integrated behavioral couple therapy, schema-focused couple therapy, and a control group. The Rahim Conflict Resolution Styles Questionnaire was used as the measurement tool. Experimental group one underwent a 16-session program of integrated behavioral couple therapy, and experimental group two a 13-session program of schema-focused couple therapy, while the control group was placed on a waiting list. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Findings: Results indicated that both interventions, integrated behavioral couple therapy and schema-focused couple therapy, were effective in addressing conflict resolution styles. There was a difference in the effectiveness of integrated behavioral couple therapy and schema-focused couple therapy on conflict resolution styles. Conclusion: Based on the findings, both treatments are effective for couples' conflict resolution styles, but the effectiveness of integrated behavioral couple therapy is reported to be more effective.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the impact of mindfulness training on experiential avoidance, self-compassion, and certain physiological indices in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Method: This applied research was conducted as a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design. The population included all women with stage 1 and 2 breast cancer who were under medical care after completing chemotherapy or radiotherapy at Shahid Tajrish Hospital in 2020-2021. A convenience sampling method was used to select 40 female breast cancer patients, who were equally divided into an experimental group (20 participants) and a control group (20 participants). Data were collected using the Neff's Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003), the Bond et al.'s Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (2011), and physiological indices. Mindfulness training, based on the protocol by Lengacher et al. (2019), consisted of 8 sessions of 90 minutes each for the experimental group, while the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. Findings: The results indicated that mindfulness training significantly increased self-compassion (F = 6.35, p < .05) and decreased experiential avoidance (F = 4.75, p < .05) in women with breast cancer. Additionally, the training significantly reduced cortisol levels (F = 7.38, p < .05), but did not have a significant effect on the concentrations of IL-6 (F = 0.83, p > .05) and CRP (F = 0.04, p > .05). Conclusion: Considering the current findings, it can be said that mindfulness training is effective in improving the psychological condition and reducing stress in women with breast cancer.