درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Among leadership styles, evolution leadership is the source of changes in the organization. If the organization is in a disadvantaged way in the management of employee performance, it identifies the consequences and thus, in a competitive environment, it strengthens the capabilities and competencies of the employees to compensate for the loss. will pay. One can refer to education as one of the organizations that needs to adopt transformational leadership today. Schools, as sub-systems of society, cannot survive unless they can adapt and adapt themselves to environmental changes. Methodology: Since school principals play a major role in education, their accurate and well-chosen selection is the goal of the country's educational system. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design and validate a transformational leadership model for primary school principals. Findings: The analysis of qualitative interviews showed that the four main components of mental persuasion with the following components of encouraging problem solving, knowledge creation, creativity, creation of new ideas, questioning, inspirational motivation component with motivational motives, creating morale, creating a happy environment , Attention to goals, Inspiration, Artificial Influence component with ethics subclasses, Knowledge, Respect, Justice, Commitment, Inspirational thoughts, Participation and component of individual considerations with the following components of attention to individual differences, achievement of organizational goals, the effectiveness of the organization , Assigning the responsibility and individual goals of the interviewees to the managers. In a small section Data were also collected through a transformational leadership questionnaire collected from 500 sample managers and teachers. Finally, the findings on validation showed that the proposed model is valid .Conclusion: School executives in the style of the implementation of leadership style change more dependent on the requirements of the school and the high-level, and somewhat applicable, organization, and believe that such a style, although necessary and necessary, requires its own particular circumstances.

Purpose: The main purpose of the present study was to gain a deeper insight into the common psychological consequences and experiences of girls with free marital relationships. Method: The nature of the present issue was "qualitative" in terms of research time, measured in "quantities" research, and in terms of type, "descriptive phenomenology." Participants in the study included 12 girls with free marital relationships in Tehran who were selected by purposeful snowball sampling method. In this study, data collection was done through semi structured Interview (in-depth phenomenological interview). Data analysis was performed according to the Colaizzi approach (seven steps). Then, the main themes were extracted. The research findings were presented in two parts: descriptive and analytical findings. Findings: The results of the research by employing grounded theory and content analysis showed that the common psychological areas led to the formation of free relationships among the girls, consisting of three main categories include psychological, conscious, and non-conscious factors. Their shared psychological experiences consisted of three main categories of emotional, affective, emotional, emotional and emotional experiences. Conclusion: the common psychological consequences of the associations included the three main categories of short-, medium-, and long-term outcomes.