درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify the effective factors of creative problem solving in Tehran's education principals in order to provide an appropriate model that is done by exploratory. Methodology: The statistical population consists of all principals of female high school in Tehran's 22 educational districts, which number is 850 people. Of this community, 304 respondents answered the questionnaire in full. The questionnaire for effective factors on creative problem solving was 47 questions in order to determine the effective factors on creative problem solving in education principals, which identified eight factors through 47 items and the components are as follows: individual characteristics of 72.58, 66.567 information, organizational atmosphere and culture 60.234, rules and regulations 59.659, and rewarding and motivational system 52.693% of the total varianc. Findings: All of the observed variables measure the recognized and meaningful values of the identified factors. Discussion: Since the study found that the model has a very good validity and credibility, it can be used as an appropriate diagnostic tool for selecting managers.

Literature sociology is one of the very diverse branches of sociology. Most of the literary collections are a reflection of political and social issues of the poet's community, which in the social and sociological domain, reflects such issues as women, poverty, class distances, corruption, injustice, and in the field of politics, recount issues related to domestic politics, tyranny and colonialism, and in the realm of religion, it is a matter of religious, cultural, religious and identity that can express many facts about its society and illustrate the political and social status of its country during the mentioned period. Sociological analysis is one of the important approaches of literary criticism, because it examines the content of literary works. In this paper, the poems of Jawad Jamil, Iraqi contemporary poet from the perspective of structural and sociological considerations had been studied, while at the same time clarifying the angles of tyranny and self-restraint of Saddam and the Ba'ath Party and the devastation of the Iraqi society, interrelationships between religious and political-social issues were established with the help of Ashura's message. In this research, in order to understand the intellectual form of جوادJamil in his poems in political and social terms, and presenting a clear picture of his thoughts, several important sociological propositions such as lack of freedom, the expression of crimes, torture, execution, idealisation, instilling hope for the future, fighting women, hypocrisy in Iraqi society, inviting people to be patient, inviting people to fight and structural issues such as music, modes of meanings, rhetorical forms, and customs of the blessings, had also been analyzed.

Purpose: In line with their function to fight, control and combat crimes, governments have duties and powers. One of these tasks is criminalization, punishment and prosecution of crimes. Drugs are one of the major challenges facing societies and the scale of its destructive challenges is still added in current age. The resort to criminalization and the penal combat with this phenomenon has been a common practice of our country and other ones. Methodology: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and content analysis method. In the organization of research, the documentary and library methods have been used and the information analysis has been obtained qualitatively and based on the inference of the researcher on the sources and texts. Findings: Considering the legal status of our country, it is considered that, by respecting numerical proportions (math and Aristotelian) and paying attention to the amount of narcotics, the legislatures have criminalized the use of narcotics, especially minor narcotic drugs, in any amount. Conclusion: looking at the statistics of the cases brought to the judiciary, attention to the number of prisoners in the country, the statistics of the prisoners belonging to this group of crimes, and, on the other hand, paying attention to the community, despite the application of repressive criminal policy in the country, regarding drug crimes, in particular crimes of minor crimes, suggests that this (repressive) approach to the fight against and control of crimes related to narcotics has not been successful in the country

Purpose: The aim of the current research was investigating the rate of philosophical thought in gifted third grade high school students of Zahedan on the basis of Smith Theory. Materials and method: Research methodology was deceptive-correlational. 180 students were selected employing random cluster sampling method among a Statistical population including 360 students and Smits (1998) philosophical mind questionnaire with a 97 percent Cronbach alpha was applied for data collection as a research instrument. One sample t test was employed for analyzing the data. Findings: Findings reveal that students were in desirable and acceptable position in 4 components of Smith’s Theory which was released from inflexibility, evaluating theories and thoughts free from their source, having a multidimensional view and patience in temporary augment. Also results reveals that flexibility of gifted third grade high school students of Zahedan was higher than mean score of normal students. Discussion: it was as a result of high intelligence capability of gifted students.

Purpose: This research was conducted with the aim of studying the essential components of curriculum social education in the elementary period. Methodology: The statistical population of the study included upstream documents such as the Transformation Document and the National Curriculum, both fully analyzed and analyzed. The statistical population and the statistical sample are equal in this research. The sample was the subject of the research. The results of this research show that social education in upstream documents is not as good as the goals. In the goals, the cognitive dimension is considered more than two other dimensions. Functional dimension has been neglected. To succeed, a program requires full attention to all three dimensions (cognitive, emotional, and functional). Findings: According to the research findings, the essential components of social education are the sense of truth of truth; tendency toward goodness; tendency towards gamal; tendency to creativity; virtue; aestheticism; creativity and innovation; love and worship; an inherent tendency toward worship ; Perfectionism; desire for immortality; truthfulness; desire for goodness; human tendency towards absolute perfection and worship; human tendency toward absolute perfection and worship; nature and freedom; nature and authority; opposition to human humility against one's being with fitting ; The integrity of jihad and defense; nature and justice; the requirements of nature regarding the homework and social rights of individuals; The integrity of the building of the tomb and its pilgrimage; the nature of truth-seeking and realism and adherence to the right. Discussion: The essential components of social education are the reference to the universe for the subjection of science; the adherence to science; the innate nature of science to the outside world; the innate logic of thought through the compilation of the premises And deduction from it; the nature of love; the nature of the attenuation and the nature of the possibility; the subjection of nature; the nature of the hope and the rhya; the nature of the illness and the nature of the defect and the principle of the principle.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare theory of Mind, IQ and attention of normal and hypothyroidism students. Materials & Methods: The research method was causal – comparative. The statistical society of it includes students studying in first-grade section of Saveh city that among them, 346 people were selected using random cluster sampling. In the first stage, 30 students were diagnosed with hypothyroidism by clinical examination and measurement of urinary iodine and 30 people were selected as healthful group (witness). In the second stage, the revised Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and the color-word Stroop test was performed to measure IQ, theory of mind and attention in both hypothyroidism and normal groups. Multivariate variance analysis, the mean and standard deviation were used to test the hypothesis. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between theory of mind, the amount of IQ and attention of normal students with hypothyroidism students. The mean verbal and nonverbal and overall IQ of healthy group compared to hypothyroidism group was respectively 21.5 and 25 and 25.5 more .also, the theory of mind and attention in hypothyroidism group was reduced compared to normal group. Theory of mind, attention and IQ of hypothyroidism students was lower than normal students. Conclusion: in addition to intelligence, theory of mind and attention of hypothyroidism students was different from normal students.

Purpose: Present study was conducted with the aim of the effects of teaching method of writing with brain-based learning on educational self-efficacy and written ability of female students in fifth grade of primary school. Materials & Methods: A quasi-experimental method with designing pre-test and post-test with unequal control group was used and to select the sample, the one-stage cluster sampling method was applied. The population of this study included all Esfarayen elementary school fifth grade female students in the academic year of 94-95 that their number was 483 people. The current sample consisted of 30 people who were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Findings: Examining and analyzing of obtained scores, using covariance analysis showed between written language of the control group and the experimental group as well as between academic self-efficacy of experimental and control group there is statistically significant difference. Discussion: Accordingly, training writing with the method of brain-based learning was effective on written language of students. Therefore, it can then be concluded brain-based approach training had desirable effect and can be used practical.

Purpose: Teachers, like other human beings are affected by the fallacy of ‘Halo Effect’. Regarding their role in teaching and training students, this study tried to investigate the halo effect in relation to appearance, gender, and proficiency of teachers. Methodology: In order to perform such an evaluation, this study used 350 males and female EFL students and 53 males and female EFL teachers of universities and institutes of Karaj. Three questionnaires (appearance, gender, and proficiency questionnaires) were designed and evaluated. The questionnaires were distributed among students and after the students answered them the questionnaires were gathered. Findings: The results of this study showed that proficiency was the most important feature for both male and female students. The second important feature for students was teacher's appearance. Gender was the least important feature of a teacher for students. The students think of the proficiency as the most important factor. According to the results of data analysis of students' final marks in real situation (classroom environment), the most important factor affecting the achievement of students in a positive way was appearance of a teacher. Thus, appearance of a teacher can cause halo effect. Teachers and educational system can benefit from the results of this study. Conclusion: Teachers should be sensitive to proficiency and appearance in order to be better teachers, and educational system can understand strengths and weaknesses of the process of hiring teachers regarding appearance and proficiency.

Purpose: The purpose of organizational culture is a system of common inference that members have toward one organization, and this same feature divides the two organizations into one another. Members of the organization train new members in order to solve external compatibility issues and internal consistency as the best way to solve problems, written and even written culture of their organization. Therefore, having the capacity to change and transform organizational culture, it is possible to change the actions of thoughts and feelings of a large part of the organization's members. Methodology: The research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting field and descriptive information that is carried out using a combination of exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) method and the reason for its exploration is to develop an appropriate model of organizational culture. The statistical population of the study consisted of 30 senior managers of the welfare organization. According to them, the dimensions of the research were identified and finally, the hypotheses and the final questionnaire were designed. A sample of 381 individuals was selected according to Morgan's table. Then, a relative cluster sampling Each area was randomly selected. Amos software was used to measure the assumptions. Results: The results showed that there is a reverse and significant relationship between organizational culture and organizational silence. There is also a direct and significant relationship between organizational culture and organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusion: In the end, it should be noted that the organizational culture variable has been able to positively influence the organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior through the organizational silence variable.

Purpose: The current research was done with employing comparative studies and its aim was developing a perceptual appropriate framework of Iranian teacher’s dispatch to schools abroad. Methodology: The Iran's dispatch component and the selective countries, (included: America, France, Germany, Canada, England, Russia, Australia, Turkish, Japan, South Korean and Singapore) was identified and extracted for the developing of a perceptual appropriate framework. Then descriptive method for validation and presenting an appropriate perceptual framework was employed. In the last three period of dispatch, all accepted teachers were included in statistical society which 250 of them, were selected in simple random sampling. Their questionnaires had a lot of components which it was needed for their dispatch in abroad. For doing this research, 54 factors in conceptual model were determined as observed variables and 8 extracted factors from exploratory factor analysis as latent variable and the dispatch of teachers as second latent variable, were determined too. Findings: The findings show that all factors had significant meaning on their own factors and management authority, selecting and protection, mastering on computer, interviewing, mastering on language, professional competence, health and test, respectively had the most load of factor and the most weight of factor in the second dispatch of teachers in abroad. Discussion: Therefore, the appropriate perceptual framework of the dispatch of Iranian teachers in abroad, was a combination of normalized components in the dispatch model of Iranian teachers and selective countries in abroad. So it's worthy that we consider the archived factors and their components which had the most load of factor in the new method of letter for the further selections.