درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Special attention to the relative advantages of the economy is the best way toward economic development of the country. The chemical sector, due to the country's advantage, owing to its considerable natural oil and gas resources, high variety of products, technology and market, has a significant charm and scope for technological innovation and development. Nowadays, the country's political and economic status has created opportunities for chemicals, but Existing policies have merely increased scientific research articles and in practice it has not cause to technological innovation (Patent). The first step in the policies for this sector, understanding the factors that influence firms to technology innovation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze of factors affecting the management of technological innovation in the chemical industry to provide solutions. In this paper, the factors, were investigated by using verification factor analysis and structural equations. Then, the relative importance of each factor was determined based on the Fuzzy BWM method. The results of the present study indicated that, R&D ability, R&D efforts, Sustainable Profitability With the most votes and low-risk chemical synthesis, less chemical waste science and technology diplomacy were ranked last.

Nowadays, supply chains are highly vulnerable and prone to various risks due to geographical expansion and the complexity of communication networks. Sustainability in supply chains is increasingly seen as part of supply chain management. Sustainability has become a necessity, and every supply chain needs sustainability. However, the supply chain has a breadth and complexity of indicators. This paper aims to provide a model for evaluating the impact of the sustainable supply chain on organizational performance and efficiency in the National Iranian South Petroleum Company (NISOC). This study consists of two quantitative studies and a qualitative stage by designing several questions and using a mixed research method. The qualitative stage uses grounded theory methods following a systematic review of the literature on sustainable supply chain management and its adaptation to the local needs of the sustainable supply chain in one of the country’s largest oil companies. The statistical population of the research includes all employees of the NISOC with an unlimited number, of which 384 subjects are randomly selected as samples. In this study, a questionnaire is used as the data collection tool. The questionnaire designed in this research is based on a 5-point Likert scale. Options range from strongly agree to disagree strongly. The research hypotheses are tested using SmartPLS software. According to the results, the organizational performance and efficiency in the NISOC are affected by the green supply chain, industry supply chain, macro policies, socioeconomic factors, organizational factors, political factors, technology, manufactured products, customers, and supply chain failures. As shown in this study, using sustainable approaches to the supply chain of the petroleum company improves the situation of this organization and increases its effectiveness and efficiency. Further, the performance of individual components of organizations increases due to the sustainability model in this company

Knowledge and technology can be used to gain business benefits in organizations. In this regard, in addition to using technology in the production of products, technology commercialization to transfer technology to other organizations is considered a practical approach to gaining business benefits. Accordingly, this study aims to identify and prioritize commercialization components in Iran’s gas and oil industry to transfer technology to other industries and organizations since there is high potential to commercialize and transfer technology in this industry. After reviewing the previous literature and interviewing experts using semi-structured questions and the snowball sampling method, 46 attributes are detected and classified as 10 main components. Then, the confirmatory factor analysis method in SMART PLS software confirms the 44 attributes in 10 components. Shannon’s entropy and WASPAS methods are used to weigh and prioritize the extracted components. As a result of this research, the three main priorities of importance in the components of commercialization are identified: the “enterprise capabilities of technology transfer”, “technological capabilities and resources”, and “independent technology commercialization strategies in the oil and gas industry