درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to present a model of psychological well-being based on the components of psychological capital and psychological flexibility by mediating role of mindfulness. Methodology : This study is a descriptive research and subjects are composed of 350 masters' students of psychology from Islamic Azad University in Tehran that are selected using ‘stratified random sampling proportional to size’ method. In this method, from each unit of the university, a sample was selected independently and proportional to size of that unit. The participants responded to psychological well-being questionnaire (Ryff, 1989), psychological capital questionnaire (Luthans et al, 2007), Acceptance and action Inventory (Bond et al, 2011) and Mindfulness Questionnaire (Buchheld et al, 2006). Data are analyzed using path analysis through LISERL 8.8. Finding: The results show that cognitive flexibility, hope, optimism, self-efficacy, resiliency and mindfulness directly predict psychological well-being (P<0.01), and on the other hand, cognitive flexibility, hope, optimism, self-efficacy and resiliency indirectly predict psychological well-being by mediating role of mindfulness (P<0.01). Conclusion: So a program can be developed to enhance cognitive flexibility and components of psychological capital and mindfulness, through which students’ level of psychological well-being would be improved. This study was applied in terms of objective and combined. 

The present study aimed to shed light on the relationship among students' socioeconomic status, self-reported English proficiency level, the length of attending private institutes, and L2 motivational factors namely: ideal L2 self, ought-to L2 self, L2 learning experience, integrative motivation, and intended effort. Participants were 320 Iranian students studying English at high schools in Tehran, the capital city of Iran. Data collection included EFL motivational factors adopted from Taguchi, Magid, and Papi (2009), socioeconomic status, and demographic information. The results of the Spearman Rho test revealed a weak or no meaningful relationship between the student's socioeconomic status and their L2 motivation suggesting that socioeconomic status is not an indicator of the school students’ EFL motivational factors regarding tripartite variables of Dörnyei's L2 Motivational Self System as well as integrative motivation and intended effort. However, the length of attending private language courses and the English proficiency of the students indicated moderate correlations with their L2 motivation and socioeconomic status. Current findings bear a clear message to the Iranian education policymakers that despite adopting a communicative approach in the latest official EFL coursebooks of schools, non-official private language institutes still perform more effectively than the Iranian formal education system in maintaining and enhancing the EFL motivation of learners.

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to explain the effectiveness of teaching learning strategies on the professional competence of adult education educators of the Literacy Movement Organization. Methods : The method of this research was quasi-experimental pre-test post-test with control group and had a follow-up stage. The statistical population of this study was all educators of the literacy movement in the cities of Tehran province in the academic year of 1998-99. In this study, 60 people were selected by purposive sampling method and two equal groups were divided into one group (30 people) as the experimental group and the other group (30 people) as the control group. Teachers' Professional Qualifications Questionnaire Sharifi and Islamieh (2013) were used to collect data. The independent variable (teaching learning strategies) was performed on the experimental group in 10 sessions of 90 minutes. In the follow-up step, the dependent variable was performed only on the experimental group. The obtained information and results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.. Finding : The results showed that the professional competencies of adult education educators of the Literacy Movement Organization who received training in learning strategies are significantly higher than the professional competencies of educators who did not receive this training and training strategies for learning professional skills. Adult educators are effective and have good stability over time (p <0.05). Conclusion : The results showed that teaching learning strategies is effective on the professional competence of adult education educators of the Literacy Movement Organization

Purpose : The aim of this study was to design and validate an extracurricular curriculum model in junior high school with a social harm prevention approach. Methodology : In this study, the methods of qualitative content analysis, documentary method and descriptive-inferential method were used. The samples for data collection were 20 experts in the field of education and 10 sources related to extracurricular activities in education who were selected by non-probability sampling method of snowball or chain. Data collection techniques were semi-structured individual interviews with extracurricular curriculum specialists and qualitative analysis of texts. The data obtained from the interviews were analytically coded and analyzed using SPSS software. Findings : The findings of this study identified the characteristics of extracurricular curriculum elements with social harm prevention approach for purpose, content, teaching learning strategies and evaluation, respectively, and the initial model of extracurricular curriculum with harm prevention approach. The model was approved after validation by experts and experts and the implementation of adjustments. The results of this research can be used in the design of extracurricular curriculum in junior high school. Conclusion : According to the research findings, students who participate in extracurricular activities have more social adjustment.