درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

آموزش کودکان استثنایی

حوزه‌های تخصصی
ادبیات اقتصاد تاریخ تربیت بدنی جغرافیا حقوق روانشناسی زبان شناسی علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی علوم اجتماعی علوم اسلامی علوم انسانی علوم تربیتی علوم سیاسی فلسفه و منطق مدیریت مطالعات زنان هنر و معماری
آموزش کودکان استثنایی برنامه ریزی آموزشی برنامه ریزی درسی تکنولوژی آموزشی روشها و فنون تدریس طراحی فضاهای آموزشی فعالیتهای هنری و بازی ها مدیریت آموزشی
کودکان با مشکلات حرکتی کودکان تیزهوش کودکان عقب مانده ذهنی کودکان نابینا و ناشنوا کودکان ناسازگار ناتوانان یادگیری
ترتیب بر اساس: جدیدترینپربازدیدترین
فیلترهای جستجو: فیلتری انتخاب نشده است.
نمایش ۱٬۹۸۱ تا ۲٬۰۰۰ مورد از کل ۲٬۰۹۱ مورد.
۱۹۸۱.

Counseling Strategies for Enhancing Self-Advocacy in Young Adults with Disabilities

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۱ 4-12
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۵ تعداد دانلود : ۱۰۷
The objective of this study was to explore and develop effective counseling strategies to enhance self-advocacy among young adults with disabilities. This qualitative research involved semi-structured interviews with 22 young adults aged 18 to 30 with various disabilities, including physical, intellectual, and developmental disabilities. Participants were recruited through disability support organizations, educational institutions, and social media platforms. The data collection focused on understanding participants' experiences, challenges, and strategies related to self-advocacy. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes and patterns in the data, with the goal of achieving theoretical saturation. The analysis revealed three main themes: understanding of self-advocacy, experiences with self-advocacy, and challenges and barriers to self-advocacy. Participants highlighted the importance of self-advocacy for personal empowerment and independence. Positive advocacy experiences were linked to increased self-esteem and better outcomes in education and employment. Support systems, such as family and counselors, were crucial in facilitating self-advocacy. However, significant barriers included societal attitudes, institutional policies, and personal limitations. Assistive technology and comprehensive leadership training were identified as effective strategies for enhancing self-advocacy skills. Enhancing self-advocacy among young adults with disabilities requires targeted counseling interventions that focus on building essential skills and addressing barriers. Collaborative approaches involving family and community support are critical. Policymakers should implement inclusive policies and ensure access to assistive technologies. Future research should explore the long-term impact of self-advocacy training and consider the intersectionality of disability with other factors such as race and gender.
۱۹۸۲.

Exploring the Psychological Impact of Virtual Learning on Students with Special Educational Needs(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۳ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۵) : Serial Number ۹ 1-9
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۰ تعداد دانلود : ۱۳۹
This study aims to explore the psychological impact of virtual learning on students with special educational needs (SEN). This qualitative study utilized semi-structured interviews with 24 students with SEN recruited through online platforms. Theoretical saturation was reached, and data were analyzed using NVivo software following a thematic analysis approach. The interviews explored students’ experiences with virtual learning, including emotional responses, cognitive struggles, and social adaptation. Themes were identified through an iterative coding process, ensuring reliability and depth in capturing the psychological effects of digital education on this population. The results indicate that virtual learning has led to heightened emotional distress, including anxiety, stress, and reduced motivation, largely due to isolation and the absence of structured classroom environments. Participants reported significant cognitive challenges, such as attention difficulties, cognitive overload from digital tools, and struggles with learning retention. Socially, students experienced decreased peer interaction, communication barriers, and difficulty adapting to digital learning norms. However, some students developed coping mechanisms such as parental support and self-regulation strategies. The findings align with previous research highlighting the adverse effects of digital learning on students with disabilities, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. The psychological impact of virtual learning on students with SEN is profound, affecting their emotional well-being, cognitive engagement, and social adaptation. While some students benefit from digital learning’s flexibility, most require additional support to mitigate stress, cognitive overload, and social isolation. Educators and policymakers must prioritize inclusive digital education strategies, enhance accessibility, and provide structured support systems to improve learning experiences for students with SEN.
۱۹۸۳.

Exploring Professional Development Needs for Educators in Special Education(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۵ 4-12
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۰ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۴
The objective of this study was to explore the professional development needs of educators in special education. This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach to understand the lived experiences of 17 special education teachers. Participants were selected based on their diverse experiences and willingness to participate. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, lasting between 45 to 60 minutes, either face-to-face or via video conferencing. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes and subthemes related to the professional development needs of special education teachers. The data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The study identified four main themes regarding professional development needs: Teaching Strategies, Emotional and Social Support, Professional Knowledge, and Collaboration and Advocacy. Under Teaching Strategies, educators highlighted the importance of individualized instruction, effective classroom management, differentiated learning approaches, technology integration, and collaboration with support staff. Emotional and Social Support needs included social skills training, emotional regulation, building relationships, fostering inclusion, crisis intervention, family engagement, and self-care for educators. Professional Knowledge emphasized understanding special education law and policy, disability awareness, evidence-based practices, assessment techniques, ongoing professional development, and curriculum adaptation. Collaboration and Advocacy focused on interdisciplinary teams, student advocacy, community partnerships, professional learning communities, and policy development. The findings underscore the multifaceted professional development needs of special education teachers, highlighting the necessity for tailored training programs that address specific instructional, emotional, social, and collaborative aspects.
۱۹۸۴.

Brain Imaging Studies in Children with Learning Disabilities(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۶ 1-3
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۰۱
The exploration of brain imaging in children with learning disabilities has significantly advanced our understanding of the neural underpinnings of these conditions. Through the application of various neuroimaging techniques, researchers have been able to identify structural and functional abnormalities in the brains of children with learning disabilities, providing insights that have important implications for diagnosis, intervention, and educational strategies. This letter aims to highlight key findings from recent studies on brain imaging in children with learning disabilities and discuss their potential impact on clinical and educational practices. Brain imaging studies have significantly enhanced our understanding of the neural basis of learning disabilities, revealing important structural and functional abnormalities that underlie these conditions. By identifying early biomarkers and neural correlates, neuroimaging can play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and targeted intervention of learning disabilities. Continued research in this field is essential to develop effective strategies that support children with learning disabilities and improve their academic and social outcomes.
۱۹۸۵.

The Future of Robotics in Special Needs Education

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 1-3
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۱
The integration of robotics in education has garnered increasing attention, particularly in the realm of special needs education. As technology evolves, so does its potential to enhance learning experiences for students with disabilities. This letter explores the current state and future prospects of using robotics in special needs education, drawing on recent research to highlight both the challenges and opportunities. The future of robotics in special needs education holds immense promise. By enhancing academic skills, boosting motivation and engagement, and supporting social and emotional development, robotics can significantly improve the educational experiences of students with disabilities. However, to realize this potential, it is essential to address the challenges related to design, accessibility, and educator training. Continued research and innovation will be crucial in ensuring that robotics can serve as an effective tool in special needs education, providing tailored support that meets the diverse needs of all students.
۱۹۸۶.

Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing on Participation and Emotional Skills in Learning Disabled Adults

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۱ 32-40
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۸ تعداد دانلود : ۱۵۹
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) in enhancing extracurricular involvement and emotional self-efficacy among individuals with learning disabilities. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 participants diagnosed with learning disabilities. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 15) receiving eight 90-minute sessions of MI or a control group (n = 15) receiving no intervention. Assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and at a five-month follow-up using the Student Engagement in Extracurricular Activities Scale (SEAS) and the Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests in SPSS-27. The intervention group showed significant improvements in extracurricular involvement (baseline mean = 25.67, SD = 3.12; post-intervention mean = 35.78, SD = 4.23; follow-up mean = 34.45, SD = 4.01) compared to the control group (baseline mean = 24.89, SD = 3.24; post-intervention mean = 25.12, SD = 3.30; follow-up mean = 25.05, SD = 3.28). Similarly, emotional self-efficacy scores significantly increased in the intervention group (baseline mean = 55.34, SD = 6.45; post-intervention mean = 68.23, SD = 7.01; follow-up mean = 66.45, SD = 6.78) compared to the control group (baseline mean = 54.78, SD = 6.51; post-intervention mean = 55.23, SD = 6.63; follow-up mean = 54.90, SD = 6.52). The ANOVA results indicated significant main effects of group and time, and significant interactions between time and group for both variables (p < .001). Motivational Interviewing significantly enhances extracurricular involvement and emotional self-efficacy among individuals with learning disabilities. These findings suggest that MI is an effective intervention for improving participation and emotional skills in this population.
۱۹۸۷.

Transitioning from Special Education to Higher Education: Students' and Educators' Experiences

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 21-29
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۲۰
The objective of this study was to explore the experiences of students and educators during the transition from special education to higher education. This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the participants' experiences. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 23 participants, including 15 students who had transitioned from special education to higher education and 8 educators, comprising special education teachers, higher education faculty members, and disability support staff. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview transcripts, with themes and subthemes identified through coding and categorization. The analysis revealed three primary themes: Transition Challenges, Support Systems and Resources, and Personal Growth and Development. Transition Challenges included academic difficulties, social integration issues, navigating support services, emotional and mental health challenges, and financial barriers. Support Systems and Resources encompassed institutional support, peer support, parental involvement, community resources, and technological aids, with a notable emphasis on the importance of faculty and staff training. Personal Growth and Development highlighted the development of self-advocacy skills, independence and responsibility, academic and career aspirations, and building confidence and resilience. The findings of this study underscore the multifaceted nature of the transition from special education to higher education, highlighting both the challenges and opportunities for students with disabilities. Effective support systems and comprehensive planning are crucial for facilitating successful transitions. The study's insights can inform the development of targeted interventions and support strategies to create more inclusive and supportive educational environments, ultimately empowering students with disabilities to succeed in higher education.
۱۹۸۸.

Social Support Networks and Mental Health in Gifted Students

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۴ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۴ 4-11
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۴۶ تعداد دانلود : ۱۲۴
This study aims to explore the impact of social support networks on the mental health of gifted students. The study utilized a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach to capture the lived experiences of gifted students. Twenty-seven participants aged 12 to 18 were recruited from diverse educational settings through purposive sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, which provided in-depth insights into the participants' perceptions of social support and its impact on their mental health. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically, with themes emerging through iterative coding and constant comparison until theoretical saturation was achieved. The findings revealed that emotional, academic, and peer support are critical for the mental health of gifted students. Family support, characterized by parental encouragement and emotional reassurance, and peer support, through empathetic friendships and social inclusion, were particularly significant. Teacher support also played a crucial role in addressing both academic and emotional needs. However, several barriers to support were identified, including stigma, lack of resources, overemphasis on achievement, peer competition, and reluctance to seek help. These barriers exacerbate feelings of isolation and stress, impacting the overall well-being of gifted students. Social support networks are essential in mitigating the challenges faced by gifted students and promoting their mental health. Creating inclusive and supportive environments in educational settings, addressing barriers, and providing targeted interventions can enhance the well-being of gifted individuals. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and the intersectionality of giftedness with other demographic factors to develop comprehensive support strategies.
۱۹۸۹.

Enhancing Self-Determination and Working Memory in Individuals with Visual Impairments: Efficacy of Social Skills Training

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۱ 41-49
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۴ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۶
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of social skills training on enhancing self-determination and working memory in individuals with visual impairments. A randomized controlled trial design was used, involving 40 participants with visual impairments, randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). The intervention group underwent ten 60-minute sessions of social skills training over four months, while the control group received no specific intervention. Self-determination was assessed using the Self-Determination Inventory: Student Report (SDI), and working memory was measured using the Working Memory Questionnaire (WMQ). Data were collected at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and a four-month follow-up. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were conducted using SPSS version 27. Participants in the intervention group showed significant improvements in self-determination from pre-intervention (M = 45.25, SD = 6.34) to post-intervention (M = 58.43, SD = 5.27) and at the four-month follow-up (M = 55.37, SD = 5.82). Similarly, working memory scores improved from pre-intervention (M = 39.18, SD = 7.24) to post-intervention (M = 51.22, SD = 6.05) and were maintained at follow-up (M = 48.76, SD = 6.50). The ANOVA results indicated significant main effects for self-determination (F(2, 76) = 41.52, p < .001, η² = 0.53) and working memory (F(2, 76) = 38.19, p < .001, η² = 0.50), as well as significant time x group interaction effects (self-determination: F(2, 76) = 32.35, p < .001, η² = 0.46; working memory: F(2, 76) = 31.88, p < .001, η² = 0.45). The findings demonstrate that social skills training is significantly effective in enhancing self-determination and working memory in individuals with visual impairments. These improvements were sustained over a four-month follow-up period, suggesting the potential of such interventions to positively impact cognitive and social functioning in this population.
۱۹۹۰.

Enhancing Collaboration Between Schools and Mental Health Services

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۲ 1-3
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱۷
The intersection of education and mental health is a critical arena that demands robust collaboration between schools and mental health services. The importance of this collaboration cannot be overstated, as schools play a pivotal role in the early identification and intervention of mental health issues among students. This letter aims to highlight the significance of enhancing collaboration between educational institutions and mental health services, drawing on recent research and practical examples to underscore its necessity and potential benefits. Thus, enhancing collaboration between schools and mental health services is essential for addressing the complex mental health needs of students. By adopting collaborative models, empowering school personnel, addressing barriers, building social capital, and implementing reflective practices, schools can create a supportive environment that promotes student well-being. The integration of mental health services within the educational setting not only facilitates early identification and intervention but also ensures that students receive the comprehensive support they need to thrive academically and emotionally. As we continue to explore and implement strategies for effective collaboration, it is imperative that we prioritize the mental health of our students, recognizing that their well-being is fundamental to their overall development and success.
۱۹۹۱.

Emotional and Cognitive Effects of Long-Term Antipsychotic Medication Use: A Qualitative Study(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۶ 12-19
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲۸ تعداد دانلود : ۸۹
This study aimed to explore the emotional and cognitive effects of long-term antipsychotic medication use. By understanding these impacts, the study seeks to provide a comprehensive view of the lived experiences of individuals who have been on antipsychotic medications for extended periods, highlighting both the benefits and the potential challenges. A qualitative research design was employed using a phenomenological approach to capture in-depth personal experiences. A purposive sampling method recruited 26 participants who had been on antipsychotic medications for at least five years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify common themes and patterns in the participants' experiences. The study achieved theoretical saturation, ensuring that no new themes emerged from the data. The analysis revealed four main themes: emotional impact, cognitive effects, daily functioning, and social interaction. Participants reported significant emotional blunting, including reduced pleasure and emotional responsiveness, alongside cognitive impairments such as memory deficits and diminished attention span. Challenges in daily functioning, such as difficulties in managing routine activities and occupational tasks, were prominent. Social interactions were also affected, with participants experiencing reduced social engagement, dependency on support networks, and stigma related to medication use. These findings are consistent with previous studies, underscoring the profound impact of long-term antipsychotic use on various aspects of life. Long-term use of antipsychotic medications, while essential for managing severe psychiatric conditions, is associated with significant emotional and cognitive side effects that impact patients' quality of life. Healthcare providers should be aware of these effects and engage in regular assessments and open communication with patients to address and mitigate these challenges. Personalized treatment approaches, psychoeducation, and support groups can enhance patients' well-being and treatment adherence.
۱۹۹۲.

ارزیابی نقش میانجی یکپارچگی حسی در رابطه بین مهارت های شناختی و توانایی برقراری ارتباط بین فردی کودکان 5 تا 12 سال با اختلال طیف اُتیسم(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: تعلیم و تربیت استثنایی سال ۲۵ خرداد و تیر ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۲ (پیاپی ۱۸۶) ۴۶-۳۱
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۹ تعداد دانلود : ۲۲۱
زمینه و هدف: اختلال طیف اُُتیسم به عنوان نوعی از اختلال عصبی تحولی معرفی می شود که مشخصه های اصلی آن وجود رفتارهای تکراری، علائق محدود و آسیب در تعامل اجتماعی و بین فردی است که این اختلالات می تواند تحت تأثیر عوامل حسی و شناختی قرار گیرد. پژوهش حاضر باهدف ارزیابی نقش میانجی یکپارچگی حسی در رابطه بین مهارت های شناختی و توانایی برقراری ارتباط بین فردی کودکان 5 تا 12 سال با اختلال طیف اُُتیسم انجام شد. روش: روش پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی و مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کودکان 5 تا 12 سال با اختلال طیف اُُتیسم در سال 1402 می باشند. با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی تعداد 200 کودک با اختلال طیف اُُتیسم از شهرهای شیراز، رشت، شهریار و کاشان انتخاب شدند و والدین و معلمان آنها به پرسشنامه گارس ) 1994 (، پرسشنامه کارکردهای اجرایی بریف فرم والدین و پرسشنامه پردازش حسی پارهام و همکاران ) 2007 ( پاسخ دادند. به منظور تجزیه وتحلیل اطلاعات از روش مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم افزار لیزرل نسخه 10.20 بهره برده شد. یافته ها: برای الگوی پژوهش مقادیر شاخص های نیکویی برازش شامل شاخص مجذور خی ) 2 (، شاخص مجذور خی بر درجه آزادی، شاخص برازش مقایسه ای، شاخص نیکویی برازش، شاخص نیکویی برازش انطباقی و خطای ریشه مجذور میانگین تقریب به ترتیب برابر با 33 / 157 ، 25 / 2، 98 / 0، 96 / 0، 98 / 0 و 034 / 0 به دست آمد که ارزش عددی مقادیر شاخص های نیکویی برازش الگوی اصلاح شده نشان می دهد که برازش الگوی پیشنهادی با داده ها قابل قبول است. نتایج نشان داد به میزان 75 / 0 از ضریب ساختاری توانایی در برقراری ارتباط بین فردی کودکان با اختلال طیف اُُتیسم به صورت غیرمستقیم توسط مهارت های شناختی و با نقش میانجی یکپارچگی حسی تبیین شده است. همچنین، از بین متغیرهای موجود در مدل تحلیل شده، متغیرهای برونزا بازداری، انتقال توجه، کنترل هیجانی، برنامه ریزی، سازمان دهی مواد، نظارت، حافظه کاری، آغازگری و همچنین یکپارچگی حسی بر متغیر ملاک یعنی توانایی برقراری ارتباط بین فردی دارای اثر معنادار هستند ) 96 / T<1 ( و به ترتیب 33 / y=0/29 ،y=0/12 ،y=0/29 ،y=0/15 ،y=0/17 ،y=0/22 ،y=0/24 ،y=0 و 14 / y= 0 از ضریب مسیر توانایی در برقراری ارتباط بین فردی را به صورت مستقیم تبیین می کنند. نتیجه گیری: باتوجه به نتایج می توان چنین نتیجه گیری کرد که توانایی برقراری ارتباط بین فردی در کودکان با اختلال طیف اُُتیسم به صورت مستقیم توسط مهارت های شناختی و با نقش میانجی یکپارچگی حسی تبیین می شود و می توان درجهت بهبود توانایی برقراری ارتباط بین فردی به نقش بااهمیت یکپارچگی حسی توجه کرد. به عبارتی، متغیر یکپارچگی حسی با تأثیرپذیری مثبت از مهارت های شناختی می تواند باعث بهبود توانایی در برقراری ارتباط بین فردی در کودکان باشد؛ زیرا افرادی که اطلاعات حسی را به خوبی پردازش می کنند، توانایی بیشتری برای شناسایی نشانه های غیرکلامی )مانند حالت چهره، تُُن صدا یا زبان بدن( دارند.
۱۹۹۳.

Social Development in Gifted Children: Challenges and Opportunities

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۳ 1-3
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۶ تعداد دانلود : ۱۰۸
Gifted children, recognized for their exceptional intellectual abilities and advanced cognitive skills, often face unique challenges and opportunities in their social development. This letter aims to shed light on these complexities, exploring the factors that influence the social skills of gifted children and suggesting strategies for supporting their social growth. Continued research is vital to understand better the social development of gifted children and the effectiveness of various interventions. Studies focusing on diverse populations and contexts can provide insights into how different factors influence social outcomes. By building a robust evidence base, educators, parents, and policymakers can develop more effective strategies to support the social development of gifted children. The social development of gifted children is a multifaceted issue that requires a nuanced understanding of their unique challenges and opportunities. While gifted children may face difficulties in peer acceptance and social-emotional adjustment, they also possess advanced social skills and problem-solving abilities that can be harnessed to promote positive social interactions. Educators and parents play a crucial role in providing the support and interventions needed to nurture these skills. By adopting an equity-focused approach and implementing innovative strategies, we can ensure that gifted children thrive both socially and academically.
۱۹۹۴.

Enhancing Emotion Regulation and Critical Thinking in Hearing-Impaired Individuals through Sensory Integration Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۱ No. ۱ (۲۰۲۳) : Serial Number ۱ 22-31
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۶ تعداد دانلود : ۱۰۴
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Sensory Integration Therapy (SIT) in improving emotion regulation and critical thinking skills in individuals with hearing impairments. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 30 participants (15 in the intervention group receiving SIT and 15 in the control group). The intervention consisted of ten 75-minute SIT sessions over a two-month period. Emotion regulation and critical thinking were measured at three time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention, and two-month follow-up, using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA), respectively. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. Significant improvements in emotion regulation were observed in the intervention group from pre-intervention (M = 95.45, SD = 12.78) to post-intervention (M = 81.32, SD = 11.45), and maintained at follow-up (M = 82.67, SD = 12.01). The control group showed no significant changes. For critical thinking, the intervention group’s scores increased significantly from pre-intervention (M = 28.67, SD = 5.23) to post-intervention (M = 36.78, SD = 4.89), and remained high at follow-up (M = 35.54, SD = 4.67). The control group’s scores did not change significantly. ANOVA results indicated significant main effects for time and group for both variables (p < .001), with significant interaction effects (p < .001). Sensory Integration Therapy significantly improves emotion regulation and critical thinking in individuals with hearing impairments, with effects sustained over a two-month follow-up. These findings support the use of SIT as an effective intervention for enhancing cognitive and emotional skills in this population.
۱۹۹۵.

The Role of Speech Therapy in Enhancing Communication Skills of Children with Exceptional Needs: A Critical Analysis(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۷ 37-43
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲۸ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴۴
This article critically analyzes the role of speech therapy in enhancing the communication skills of children with exceptional needs. It explores the multifaceted nature of speech therapy, encompassing a range of interventions tailored to individual needs. The discussion includes the benefits of speech therapy, such as improvements in speech production, language abilities, social communication, and pragmatic language skills. Challenges and limitations within the field are also examined, along with a comparative analysis of speech therapy against other interventions. Current trends, latest developments, and research gaps in speech therapy are addressed, emphasizing the need for continued research and innovation. The article concludes with policy recommendations and practical implications for evidence-based speech therapy practices, highlighting their significance in promoting holistic development and well-being in children with exceptional needs. Keywords: Speech Therapy, Communication Skills, Children with Exceptional Needs, Critical Analysis.
۱۹۹۶.

معرفی فناوری های جدید آموزشی برای آموزش افراد با کم توانی ذهنی و تحولی(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: تعلیم و تربیت استثنایی سال ۲۵ خرداد و تیر ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۲ (پیاپی ۱۸۶) ۹۰-۷۶
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۲ تعداد دانلود : ۱۹۵
زمینه و هدف: در حال حاضر جهان با مشکل کمبود روش های آموزشی ویژه برای دانش آموزان کم توان ذهنی و تحولی مواجه است و به این دلیل که روش های سنتی فرصت های مناسبی را برای این گروه از دانش آموزان فراهم نمی کند، هدف پژوهش حاضر پیگیری امکانات آموزشی مختلف برای کمک به حل این مشکل و همچنین یافتن روش های بهبود آموزش به کودکان با کم توانی ذهنی و تحولی است به نحوی که ناتوانی این افراد از یادگیری شان جلوگیری نکند، بلکه هر فرد آموزش منحصر بفرد و متناسب با نیازهایش را دریافت نماید. روش: روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی و از نوع مروری است. برای جمع آوری اطلاعات از مقاله ها، کتاب ها و پایان نامه های موجود در پایگاه های علمی معتبر از جمله گوگل اسکولار، پاب مد، ساینس دایرکت، اشپرینگر، سمنتیک اسکولار، پروکوئست، کتابخانه دیجیتال یونسکو و آمازون با کمک کلیدواژه هایی از قبیل فناوری آموزشی و کودکان با نیازهای ویژه، روش های جدید آموزش کودکان با نیازهای ویژه، تکنولوژی و کودکان کم توان ذهنی و تحولی مابین سال های 2001 تا 2023 استفاده شد. در جستجوی اولیه، 93 مقاله انتخاب شد که از بین آنها، 3 مقاله به علت تکراری بودن، 10 مقاله به علت مروری بودن و 40 مقاله به علت غیرقابل استناد بودن و عدم تناسب با موضوع پژوهش حذف شدند. در پایان، با استفاده از آخرین ویرایش سیاهه ی استاندارد تلفیقی گزارش کارآزمایی ها ) کنسورت؛ 2017 (، 40 مقاله جهت بررسی انتخاب شد. یافته ها: با توجه به بررسی های انجام شده، روش جدید مورد استفاده در آموزش دانش آموزان با کم توانی ذهنی و تحولی شامل واقعیت مجازی، واقعیت افزوده و مقایسه این دو، هوش مصنوعی، اینترنت اشیا، چت بات ها، ساعت هوشمند، نرم افزارهای آموزشی و برنامه های کاربردی تلفن همراه و رایانه می شود. نتیجه گیری: همانند همه انسان ها، افراد با کم توانی ذهنی و تحولی نیز برای کنارآمدن با خواسته های جامعه می بایست دانش و توانایی های مورد نیاز خود را کسب کنند. باید درنظر داشت که نیازهای آموزشی این افراد، متفاوت از سایرین است و اینکه آنها به سبب محدودیت های ذهنی و عملی که بر توانایی شان اثرگذار است، نیازهای آموزشی ویژه دارند. بنابراین دسترسی به مراتب آموزش رسمی بویژه از طریق فناوری های کمکی و برنامه های کاربردی آنلاین برای افراد با کم توانی ذهنی بسیار مفید و مطلوب است. زیرا آنها از این راه می آموزند تا در زندگی روزمره خود مستقل تر باشند و می توانند فعالیت های خود را بدون کمک مراقبان یا شخص دیگری انجام دهند. به علاوه، کاربران این ابزارهای فناورانه قادرند سرعت، مکان و زمان استفاده از نرم افزار کمکی را براساس نیاز خود تنظیم کنند. البته هنوز حجم زیادی کار در زمینه برنامه های کاربردی مبتنی بر وب با هدف بهبود عملکرد افراد کم توان ذهنی در یادگیری و زندگی روزمره مورد نیاز است.
۱۹۹۷.

نقش میانجی تاب آوری در رابطه بین سبک های دلبستگی و رضایت از زندگی در مادران دارای فرزند با اختلال یادگیری(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: تعلیم و تربیت استثنایی سال ۲۵ خرداد و تیر ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۲ (پیاپی ۱۸۶) ۳۰-۱۹
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۴۲
زمینه و هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش میانجی تاب آوری در رابطه بین سبک های دلبستگی و رضایت از زندگی در مادران دارای فرزند با اختلال یادگیری بود. روش: روش پژوهش حاضر، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی مادران دارای فرزند با اختلال یادگیری که فرزندانشان تحت آموزش در مرا کز اختلالات یادگیری آموزش وپرورش شهرستان رشت در سال 1402 بودند. 225 نفر به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش شامل؛ پرسشنامه جمعیت شناختی محقق ساخته، مقیاس سبک های دلبستگی کالینز ) 1996 (، مقیاس رضایت از زندگی داینر و همکاران ) 1985 ( و مقیاس تاب آوری کانر و دیوید سون ) 2003 ( بود. داده ها با استفاده از روش همبستگی پیرسون، مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری و نرم افزارهای SPSS-27 و AMOS-24 مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: رابطه معنا داری بین 4 متغیر سبک ایمن، سبک اجتنابی، سبک اضطرابی/ دوسوگرا و تاب آوری با متغیر وابسته رضایت از زندگی مشاهده شد ) 05 / p>0 (. نقش میانجی تاب آوری در رابطه سبک دلبستگی اجتنابی و رضایت از زندگی و در رابطه سبک دلبستگی اضطرابی/ دوسوگرا و رضایت از زندگی تأیید شد ) 05 / p>0 (؛ میانجی تاب آوری در رابطه سبک دلبستگی ایمن و رضایت از زندگی تأیید نشد ) 05 / p<0 (. متغیرهای مستقل و میانجی توانستند 59 درصد از واریانس رضایت از زندگی را تبیین کنند. نتیجه گیری: متخصصان می توانند با بهره مندی از توانائی تاب آوری در درمان مادران با سبک های دلبستگی ناایمن که دارای فرزند با اختلال یادگیری هستند، گام مهمی در جهت اصلاح و افزایش رضایت از زندگی آنان بردارند.
۱۹۹۸.

اثربخشی آموزش آگاهی واج شناختی در عملکرد خواندن دانش آموزان ابتدایی با اختلال خواندن (مروری نظام دار بر مطالعات گذشته)(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: تعلیم و تربیت استثنایی سال ۲۵ خرداد و تیر ۱۴۰۴ شماره ۲ (پیاپی ۱۸۶) ۷۵-۶۰
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲۹ تعداد دانلود : ۱۶۰
هدف: عملکرد خواندن از موضوع های مهم یادگیری در دانش آموزان است که می تواند در سایر جنبه ها و موضوع ها تأثیرگذار باشد. درواقع عملکرد خواندن در توانایی سلیس و روان خوان و درک مطالب کتاب اهمیت ویژه ای در دانش آموزان دارد. روش: این پژوهش توصیفی تحلیلی و از نوع بنیادی است که در آن به تحلیل کمی و کیفی پژوهش های گذشته ازنظر موضوعاتی همچون سهم موضوعی مقالات، روش های پژوهش، گویه های نگرشی و روند نگرش پرداخت شده است. در این پژوهش و با توجه به هدف آن، از روش نظام دار استفاده شد. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی پژوهش های داخلی و خارجی بود که با استفاده از واژه های کلیدی دانش آموزان با عملکرد ضعیف در خواندن و آ گاهی واجی در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی پرتال جامع علوم انسانی، پایگاه مرکز اطلاعات علمی جهاد دانشگاهی، پایگاه مجلات تخصصی نور، مگیران، گوگل اسکولار، پایگاه پژوهشگاه علوم و فناوری اطلاعات ایران و بانک اطلاعات نشریات کشور ایران و در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی خارجی، ساینس دایرکت، اسپرینگ، ایرانداک و گوگل اسکلر مورد جستجو قرار گرفتند. با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری هدفمند، ۱۰۳ پژوهش یافت شد و درنهایت ۲۵ مقاله ) ۸۰ درصد( و ۵ رساله ) 20 درصد( درمجموع 30 مقاله و رساله منطبق با هدف پژوهش و ملاک انت خاب و یافته های پژو هش ا ستخراج شدند. نتیجه گیری: نتایج حا کی از آن بود که آموزش آ گاهی واجی بر بهبود عملکرد خواندن در سرعت، دقت و درک مطلب دانش آموزان با اختلالات خواندن تأثیر بسیار زیادی دارد؛ بنابراین پیشنهاد می شود متخصصان امر از این مداخلات در جهت بهبود علائم این دانش آموزان استفاده نمایند.
۱۹۹۹.

Nutritional Challenges and Eating Habits in Children with Sensory Processing Disorders(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۳ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۷ 29-36
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۲۵ تعداد دانلود : ۹۸
The objective of this study was to explore the nutritional challenges and eating habits of children with Sensory Processing Disorders (SPD) through qualitative analysis. The focus was on identifying specific sensory sensitivities, emotional and behavioral impacts, and effective management strategies to improve nutritional outcomes. This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with caregivers of 20 children aged 4-12 years diagnosed with SPD. Participants were recruited from pediatric therapy centers, support groups, and online forums. Data were collected until theoretical saturation was reached. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes and patterns related to eating behaviors and nutritional challenges. The analysis revealed five main sensory challenges impacting eating habits: texture sensitivity, taste sensitivity, smell sensitivity, visual sensitivity, and temperature sensitivity. Emotional and behavioral impacts included mealtime anxiety, food refusal, and social isolation. Various strategies were employed by parents and professionals to manage these challenges, such as implementing food routines, gradual food exposure, and sensory integration therapy. The study also highlighted nutritional deficiencies and growth concerns associated with restricted diets in children with SPD, as well as success stories where tailored interventions led to improvements in eating habits and overall nutritional status. Children with SPD face significant sensory, emotional, and behavioral challenges that impact their eating habits and nutritional intake. Tailored interventions that address individual sensory profiles and involve a collaborative approach between parents, educators, and healthcare professionals are crucial for managing these challenges effectively. The study underscores the need for ongoing research and practical strategies to support better nutritional outcomes for children with SPD.
۲۰۰۰.

Predictors of Impulsiveness: The Roles of Sleep Quality and Body Image Dissatisfaction in Physically Disabled Adolescent Girls(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Psychological Research in Individuals with Exceptional Needs (PRIEN), Vol. ۲ No. ۲ (۲۰۲۴) : Serial Number ۶ 28-35
حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۱۱۸ تعداد دانلود : ۹۵
This study aimed to examine the relationships between sleep quality, body image dissatisfaction, and impulsiveness in adolescent girls with mild physical disabilities. This cross-sectional study included 186 adolescent girls with mild physical disabilities. Participants were recruited from rehabilitation centers and special schools. Impulsiveness was measured using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and body image dissatisfaction was evaluated using the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ). Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationships between the variables. A linear regression analysis was performed to determine the predictive value of sleep quality and body image dissatisfaction on impulsiveness, using SPSS version 27. The mean score for impulsiveness was 55.28 (SD = 10.45), sleep quality was 12.67 (SD = 3.98), and body image dissatisfaction was 87.34 (SD = 15.29). Pearson correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations between impulsiveness and sleep quality (r = 0.45, p < .001), and between impulsiveness and body image dissatisfaction (r = 0.52, p < .001). The regression model indicated that both sleep quality (B = 0.92, p < .001) and body image dissatisfaction (B = 0.25, p < .001) significantly predicted impulsiveness, explaining 37% of the variance (R² = 0.37, F(2, 183) = 53.68, p < .001). Poor sleep quality and high body image dissatisfaction are significant predictors of impulsiveness in adolescent girls with mild physical disabilities. Interventions aimed at improving sleep quality and promoting positive body image may help reduce impulsiveness and enhance overall well-being in this population.

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