درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Objective: The purpose of the present study is to analyze the challenges faced by the families of veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: This research was conducted using a qualitative approach and grounded theory methodology. The statistical population consisted of 1,500 individuals, and participants were selected through purposive sampling based on the inclusion criteria. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved, resulting in the study of 42 families, including spouses and children of veterans with PTSD in Kermanshah province. Additionally, a literature review and semi-structured interviews with 10 experts and social work professionals in the field of family studies were conducted over a 12-month period in 2022. Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin’s method. Findings: The results were obtained through three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Data analysis yielded 138 subcategories, 15 main categories, and 1 core category. The 15 main categories included: "quality of life issues, financial problems, internal family environment challenges, family functioning issues, psychological problems, parent-child relationship problems, challenges from surrounding individuals and social support networks, marital relationship issues, coping strategy problems, personality trait issues, life cycle challenges, organizational and cultural action problems, family outcome challenges, social outcome challenges, and individual outcome challenges." These were presented as causal, intervening, contextual factors, strategies, and outcomes in the final model. Conclusion: This study, in connection with the research literature, provided a new understanding of the experiences of families of veterans with PTSD by describing their challenges. The findings revealed that these families face significant issues in various aspects of their lives, and reducing these challenges requires greater attention from responsible organizations and mental health centers.

Introduction: Mobile phone addiction with negative psychological consequences is influenced by academic and family problems. The present study aimed to determine the mediating role of academic procrastination in the relationship between original family health and mobile phone addiction in high school female students. Method: The study employed a descriptive-correlational research approach utilizing a structural equation model. The statistical population of this research was all female students in the second year of high school in District 6 of Tehran. Among them, 200 students were recruited by random multi-stage cluster sampling, and they completed the Family of Origin Scale (1985) Academic Procrastination Scale (2000), and Mobile Phone Addiction Scale (2014). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS.21 and Amos.23 software according to the structural equation model. Findings: Results indicated a significant direct negative impact of family health (β = -0.51, p < 0.001) and a direct positive effect of academic procrastination (β = -0.58, p < 0.001) on students' mobile phone addiction. Furthermore, academic procrastination was found to act as a mediator in the association between family health and mobile phone addiction (β = -0.16, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The model demonstrated a strong fit. The mediating role of academic procrastination in the relationship between original family health and mobile phone addiction is a good model for explaining mental injuries and applying it in the field of preventing academic and behavioral problems in students.

Constitutionality, as a significant and influential event in Iran's contemporary history, has been repeatedly mentioned in the speeches of the Supreme Leader. His perspective on this critical historical phenomenon is the main subject of this article. This research aims to explore the Supreme Leader's opinions and views regarding constitutionalism, and the researcher used qualitative content analysis to explain and understand his opinions in this context. The primary question of this article is: What is the Supreme Leader's intellectual viewpoint on constitutionalism? To address this question, we analyzed the leader's statements and speeches from the onset of his leadership to the present and reached the following conclusions: The findings from this approach indicate that his three main perspectives on constitutionalism are “the religious and popular roots of the revolutionaries in Iran,” “the deviation of constitutionalism during the Iranians’ transformation,” and “British colonialism as the main obstacle to Iran’s evolution”.