درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: The spread of consumption in this day and age has gone so far that today it is considered an indicator of lifestyle and even some  find modern life without consumption meaningless and unthinkable. In this regard, since the consumption of smuggled cosmetics in West Azerbaijan province has an increasing trend, so in this study, the communicative and social determinants and factors affecting the consumption of smuggled cosmetics in West Azerbaijan province are investigated.Method: The research method is an applied type as regards purpose and has been carried out using a survey method.  The statistical population includes citizens over 15 in West Azerbaijan province, 674 of whom have been selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire and research variables are above 0.7, which indicates the acceptable reliability of the variables. Statistical data analysis was done using SPSS and Lisrel software.Findings: The findings showed that the consumption of smuggled cosmetics and toiletry products is more than average among the respondents and the use of domestic media is less than average and the use of foreign and virtual media is above average. The results of explanatory analyses in the quantitative phase of the research showed  the variables of gender (in favor of women), socio-economic status (in a positive direction), rate of using internal media (in a negative direction), rate of using external media (in a positive direction), The use of virtual media (in a positive direction), health literacy (in a negative direction) and tendency towards differentiation (in a positive direction) have a significant impact on the consumption of smuggled cosmetics and toiletries. It is explained that the impact of foreign and virtual media is greater than other variables.Conclusion: As a result of lack of content management and inaccuracy in advertising in the virtual sector and social media, the possibility of emergence and escalation of social issues and all kinds of deviant trends related to consumerism in the field of cosmetics and toiletry products increases. Also, domestic mass media can be effective in reducing the consumption of cosmetics by not broadcasting commercial advertisements at intervals.

Purpose: Accurate scientific evaluation of researchers by ResearchGate network is still ambiguous. This systematic study seeks to shed some light on this issue.Methods: The study was conducted with a systematic review of the previous studies (articles or reports). The analysis of documents was performed with a targeted keyword search in the reputable Google Scholar, Emerald, and PubMed databases (without limit). Titles and abstracts (if necessary, full texts) of the number of 582 documents (Persian, English, and Spanish) were retrieved (1-10 April 2021) and studied. Then, by removing duplicate or irrelevant data, 57 independent studies were selected for meeting the main research problem of this systematic review (using the PRISMA statement). For drawing diagrams, Excel software was used.Findings: Among 57 previous independent studies  retrieved by systematic review, 30 ones, had a negative attitude towards the ResearchGate.  27 studies saw with positive approach from standpoint the concepts of "authentic measuring instrument", " presence of prominent scientists such as Nobel Prize recipients", "valid scientific content", and "having a significant relationship with the academic ranking criteria", and "compliance with the Hirsch indicator", that was identified by documentary analysis based on PRISMA statement. Studies with a positive assessment of the ResearchGate dealt with developing countries, and with a small investigated research community. Therefore, it is appropriate to act cautiously when evaluating researchers with the ResearchGate network.Originality: No similar systematic review to evaluate the ResearchGate network from the standpoint of a scientific suitable evaluation tool, has been done so far.

Purpose: this study has been conducted with the aim of understanding the phenomenon of evading teamwork with a phenomenological approach in the General Department of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare of Fars Province. Method: The research method of the present study was conducted with qualitative analysis of hermeneutic phenomenology. In order to collect the data, an interview protocol was prepared. The statistical population included 11 eligible experts who were selected using the purposeful and non-probability sampling method, and in-depth and semi-structured interviews were given to them. Qualitative analysis of phenomenology has been used to identify the main and sub-categories of the research. MAXQDA software was used for qualitative analysis. Findings: The findings showed that 39 sub-categories were identified by examining and categorizing the descriptive codes obtained from the interview texts, according to the seven-step process of Claysey and according to their semantic similarity and affinity, they have been categorized into 7 main concepts including: inadequacy of the educational system, negative personality traits, weak communication and interactions, inappropriate organizational structure, insufficient knowledge and awareness of employees, lack of budget and financial resources, and negative cultural beliefs. Holsti coefficient was used for the final validation, reliability, transferability and verifiability of the data. The value of PAO in the present study was 0.712, which is greater than 0.7, and the data was confirmed. The results show that the categories of inadequacy of the educational system, personality traits, poor communication and interactions, inappropriate organizational structure, insufficient knowledge and awareness of employees, lack of budget and financial resources, and negative cultural beliefs have a direct impact on teamwork.Conclusion: Finally, practical suggestions were presented to the managers of the General Department of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare of Fars province to overcome the challenges and problems of teamwork evasion.