درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Purpose: Futurology plays a significant role in advancing organizational goals and mitigating organizational problems and challenges. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the dimensions and components of Internet of Things development in schools based on future studies. Methodology: In a descriptive qualitative study, 19 academic and organizational experts from the educational sector of Tehran were interviewed in the academic year 2020-2021 using a semi-structured method. In this study, the sample size was determined according to the principle of theoretical saturation and was selected through purposive sampling. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, whose validity was confirmed through triangulation and whose reliability was calculated at 0.88 using the agreement coefficient between two coders. The data of this study were analyzed using thematic analysis in MAXQDA software, version 2020. Findings: The analysis indicated that the development of the Internet of Things in schools based on future studies encompasses 26 components across 7 dimensions. These dimensions include the elimination of time constraints (with 3 components), elimination of spatial constraints (with 4 components), reduction of infrastructure costs (with 4 components), knowledge management (with 3 components), professional competence (with 3 components), information technology (with 3 components), and effectiveness of the educational system (with 6 components). Ultimately, a thematic network for the development of the Internet of Things in schools based on future studies was established. Conclusion: The model of dimensions and components designed in this study can assist specialists and educational system officials in improving the development of the Internet of Things in schools.

Purpose: In the context of rapidly evolving digital landscapes, digital media literacy has become a foundational element in primary education, crucial for preparing students to navigate and influence their digital surroundings effectively. This study aims to identify and describe the key components of digital media literacy as taught in primary schools, focusing on the insights of faculty members from Iran to understand how these components are integrated into the educational system. Methodology: Employing a qualitative research design, this study gathered data through semi-structured interviews with 21 faculty members who are directly involved in teaching digital media literacy in primary schools across Iran. Theoretical saturation was achieved to ensure comprehensive coverage of the concepts. Data were analyzed using NVivo software to facilitate a thorough thematic analysis, identifying the core components of digital media literacy education. Findings: The analysis revealed five main themes central to digital media literacy in primary education: Transfer, Usage, and Digital Competence; Computer Fundamentals; Online Basics Skills; Word Processing, Spreadsheet, and Presentation Skills; and Database and Data Security Skills. Each theme comprised several categories that detailed specific skills and knowledge areas essential for comprehensive digital literacy, ranging from basic computer operations to advanced data management and security. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of a robust digital media literacy curriculum in primary education, highlighting specific skills that are crucial for students' development as competent digital citizens. It also points to the need for ongoing teacher training to keep pace with technological advancements, ensuring that educators are well-equipped to impart these essential skills.

Purpose: A descriptive study was conducted at Aluminum Corporation in Iran in order to construct a causal model of organizational citizenship behavior based on personality factors with mediation of job involvement, job self-efficacy, factual well-being and organizational commitment. Material and method: The research sample consisted of 360 employees of the mentioned company selected by stratified random sampling method. Organizational citizenship behavior, personality, job involvement, job self-efficacy, occupational well-being, and organizational commitment questionnaire was used to collect data. Findings: The research analysis was performed using correlation, structural equations. Finally, the findings of the research showed that between personality factors and organizational citizenship behavior is significant relation. Job self-efficacy factors and organizational commitment have a direct and indirect effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Discussion: However, the factor of well-being of the subject only had a direct effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Also, the factor of job involvement only indirectly influences organizational citizenship behavior.

Purpose: Marketing communications allow companies to link their brands to other people, places, events, brands, experiences, feelings, and things. They can contribute to brand equity—by establishing the brand in memory and creating a brand image—as well as drive sales and even affect shareholder value. Methodology: This study aimed to investigate the integrated approach of marketing communications and its impact on tourism marketing in Soleimani Governorate. For the current study, an analytical descriptive technique employed to match the nature and circumstances of gathering reliable academic descriptions of the phenomenon's status quo while making initial assumptions.The sample size used for the study was 252 employees from the population selected at tourism organizations.The researcher used a range of statistical methods using the SPSS program and Amos Program in order to analysis data.The study showed that integrated marketing communications have become one of the most important factors on which various tourism companies rely to attract tourists, in line with the development in the surrounding environment, the aspirations of tourists and changes in the ways they deal with tourism programs.Integrated Marketing Communications is the link between tourism institutions and their target audience of tourists. Where the tourism activity is based on the role of integrated marketing communications in introducing tourists to the tourism potentials and potentials that the region enjoys. Findings: The results showed that there are no significant statistically differences among the researched organizations towards the study variable according to the difference in all their personal characteristics: gender, age, academic qualification, and years of experience. Conclusion: The results of the statistical analysis of the field side showed that more than half of the respondents in the surveyed tourism companies in the city of Sulaymaniyah in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq are males compared to females.