درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Introduction: The main purpose of this research is investigating the attitude of educational managers toward Pluralistic Curriculum. Methodology: To achieve this goal, the research method combined with the exploratory approach is used. The research method was the grand theory in the qualitative section, and survey in the quantitative part. Based on purposeful sampling, 30 school principals who were expert in this area, selected and were interviewed using the in-depth interview method. The interview continued until the theoretical saturation point. In the quantitative part, according to the results obtained from the previous studies the target group interviews, a questionnaire prepared by the researcher and used. In the qualitative section, the acquisition of credibility, through believability, transferability and verifiability were achieved. In the coding processes to increase the trust two encoders were used. Three types of open, axial and selective coding were used in the method of data analysis in the qualitative section. The factor analysis and Friedman test were also used in the quantitative part. Findings: The result of the research revealed that from the viewpoint of educational managers, the pluralistic curriculum has five components, including racial and ethnic inequality, linguistic diversity, gender inequality, social inequality, and religious diversity. Conclusion: The dimensions of the pluralistic curriculum in comparison with the existing situation that, consisting of two components including racial and ethnic inequality and gender inequality, has five components, including racial and ethnic inequality, linguistic plurality, gender inequality, social inequality, and the Religious diversity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to design a psychological capital curriculum consist of optimism for Iranian higher education. Methodology: The research methodology was qualitative content analysis of deductive category system. The research domain consisted of all sources, articles, and printed and digital books related to psychological capital and a targeted sampling method was used. Data analysis was conducted through subject coding. The findings were derived from 50 conceptual codes that were categorized into 16 components and main categories of optimism. To validate the model of psychological capital curriculum, 10 experts from the field of curriculum and educational psychology contributed using Lawshe coefficient, with components below 62%, three components were deleted. Finding: the results showed that the identified targets for optimism included four components of reality, self-regulating growth, responsibility, and bravery. The obtained content showed that components of planning, self-excitation education, communication approach, positive thinking, and relationship between the current status and the past one need to be considered in optimistic curriculum. The results also identify education and two components for teaching methods of optimism: interpretative pattern and individual teaching pattern. For evaluation, three components of evaluating the interpretation and explanation, assessing the change in behavior, and an assessment of the correct and unfair practices of social communication were identified. Discussion: The present study, as a model for designing a curriculum for psychological capital based on optimism for Iranian scholars and planners of higher education, allows understanding and applying the elements of the curriculum to develop psychological capital in students.

The purpose of this research was to study the peer-review process for articles in Iran's accredited scientific journals. The study considered the types of refereeing currently practised, the decision-making methods and criteria for acceptance of articles, the major decision makers, and the current norms in the peer-review process. The method used was a survey, and the data-collecting tool was a questionnaire. The statistical population of this research included 245 scientific journals. The results of the study show that, currently, the predominant type of refereeing for articles submitted to these journals is ‘double blind’ and the prevailing method of informing authors about the results of manuscript evaluation is ‘commenting on the manuscript after refereeing it and after consideration in an editorial board meeting.’ The findings also indicate that two criteria—‘Originality and creativity of the research’ and ‘Being within the journal's scope’—play the most important role in article acceptance. Of the five main parties cooperating in the peer-review process for these journals, the editorial board plays the most fundamental role.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of direct electrical stimulation from the skull on depression symptoms in men suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder in war. The research design was a semi-experimental design with repeated tests. The sample included 15 patients with post-traumatic stress disorder men who were admitted to the Delaram Psychiatric Hospital and were voluntarily and voluntarily selected. The instrument used in this study was Beck's 21-item depression questionnaire. Subjects were first subjected to pretest and then subjects received 12 sessions of electrical stimulation therapy (TDCS). After receiving each 4 sessions of treatment, subjects were assessed once by a depression questionnaire. The results showed that the difference in mean scores of subjects in different levels of application of independent variable was significant (P <0.001). The symptoms of depression in subjects with repeated actions of electrical stimulation from the skull have decreased relative to the pre-test.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide a model for school establishment in accordance with the indicators and requirements of the Education Transformation Document. Methodology: The research method was basic-applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method and combined in terms of data type. The statistical population of the study in the qualitative section included managers and staff of the Ministry of Education, provincial administrations and education districts, and in a small part, all staff staff of the Ministry of Education and staff of provincial departments. The sample size in the qualitative part was determined using the principle of theoretical saturation of 23 people who were selected using purposive sampling method. Also, in the quantitative part, according to the statistical population, 384 subjects were obtained using Morgan table, the subjects were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method. In the present study, a semi-structured interview tool was used to collect data in the qualitative section and a researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative section, which confirmed the validity and reliability of both tools. Data analysis in the qualitative part was performed by coding method and in the quantitative part, descriptive and inferential statistical methods (factor analysis (confirmatory and exploratory) and one-sample t-test) were used. Findings: The results showed that the factors that make up the top school at the level of the transformation document included moral, social, economic, political, biological / physical, scientific and technological education; Causal conditions in the implementation of the superior school at the level of the transformation document included teacher, curriculum, management, educational space and equipment, information technology, as internal requirements and Islamic society, media, family, educational justice, as external requirements; The consequences of implementing a top school at the level of the fundamental transformation document included agility, maturity, and continuous learning. Finally, the model presented in this study had a good fit. Conclusion: Top schools smoothly put moral education at the top of the agenda and moral education of students in such a school should be a key factor in development and progress, because this factor is a prerequisite for achieving maturity in various areas of life.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the modeling of HRM and ethics management by solving the crisis in media organizations. Methodology: The statistical population of the present study was all managers of media organizations in 2016, 120 of them were selected as sample in a targeted sampling method (79 male managers and 41 female ones). In this research, organizational agility questionnaire, Organizational Ethics Questionnaire (CEP) and Organizational Conflict Questionnaire were used to collect data on factors affecting agility. The conceptual model of the research was tested using structural equation modeling. Findings: The findings of the path analysis indicated that the model has a suitable fitting and all factor loads of markers on the variable are significant on the organizational agility variable and all direct path coefficients of the model are significant at alpha level 0.01. According to these results, organizational agility with impact factor (beta) 0.29 affects ethics management. Finally, ethics management with a coefficient of effect (beta) 0. 67 affects the resolution of the media organizations' crisis. Discussion: Ethics management is able to mediate organizational agility and solve the crisis of media organizations. Organizational agility with an impact on ethics management is capable of indirectly affecting the resolution of the media organizations' crisis. Therefore, attention to learning agility and attention to ethics management in organizations can be one of the main strategies for managing crisis management in organizations.