درخت حوزه‌های تخصصی

Nowadays, due to increasing global environmental problems and challenges, the implementation of sustainable development concepts in various aspects related to university campuses has become critically important. In addition to their role in education and awareness, university campuses are considered small-scale cities that have significant direct and indirect effects on the environment due to their large size, multiple buildings, high population density, and complex activities. Moreover, the university, as a major educational institution, bears significant responsibility for planning and adopting effective strategies in implementing environmentally friendly programs, using renewable and sustainable resources, supporting clean energy, and preserving the environment. As awareness grows regarding the environmental impact of universities, they are expected to promote a development model that aligns with environmental safety, biodiversity, ecological balance, and intergenerational equity. The purpose of this research is to enhance the sustainability level of university campuses with an emphasis on environmental values. This study is both qualitative and quantitative, with the Central Campus of Shahrood University of Technology selected as the case study. It is a descriptive-survey in terms of nature and methodology and applied in terms of purpose. Data collection was carried out through both documentary (library) and case study methods. The theoretical framework and background information were gathered via a documentary approach, using scientific and research articles, books, and other credible domestic and international sources. In the case study phase, data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 28 and AMOS 24 software. The results showed that most indicators of environmental sustainability on the central campus—including energy conservation, sustainable materials, waste separation and recycling, rainwater collection and storage, smart energy and water equipment, building greenness, bicycle use, water features, utilization of natural energy, waste reuse, and clean fuels—are currently in an unfavorable condition. Improving these indicators, based on the data analysis, can significantly enhance the environmental sustainability of the university campus. Accordingly, several solutions are proposed to develop sustainability in university campuses grounded in environmental values.      

Purpose- In today's world, where the trend of tourism has changed from mass to individualistic patterns and tourists give more priority to flexibility and meaningful experiences, creative tourism is a new and interesting aspect in the field of tourism, where more attention is paid to tangible heritage to intangible heritage. From the point of view of the villagers, creative tourism means that the residents are passionate and proud of the cultural, natural, and physical environment of the village, evaluate the effects of tourism positively, and accept participation in tourism development programs, to finally be a suitable host in the relationship. To achieve this kind of tourism, various factors are effective in realizing this. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of behavioral and environmental factors in villagers' hospitability in tourism target villages of Kermanshah province with the structural equation analysis approach. Design/methodology/approach- Questionnaires were randomly distributed among residents. The statistical population of the research is 14 tourism target villages of Kermanshah province, which according to the census of 2016 (According to the latest population and housing census in Iran) has a population equal to 10039 people, and the size of the studied sample was estimated to be 380 people based on the Cochran formula. Also, an average of 10 domestic and foreign tourists from each village filled out questionnaires, resulting in a total of 140 questionnaires. Finding- The results showed that the effect of the behavioral factor on hosting was greater. In the sense that the perception, attitude, and participation of villagers will be good predictors for the realization of creative hosting. Also, the results showed that the highest average acceptance of host was in the villages Considering the geographical and environmental conditions and tourism of Shamshir, Harir and Hajij, which had the best condition.