سید جواد ایرانبان

The present study investigates the relationship between diversification strategy, capital structure and profitability in companies listed in the stock exchange through a combination of data panel and VAR methods. The present research was conducted for companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange from 1387 to 1395 and 78 companies were selected as case study. Stationary and static tests were used to check the rationality of the behavior of variables. After assuring the rational behavior of variables over time and carrying out the correlation test, Chow (Flemmer) and Hausman tests were performed to determine the probability of collinearity in the regression model, and finally these tests were examined in the regression model using panel data with fixed effects. To ensure that the data panel model is evaluated, the residual was normalized and waste graph survey was performed. The research findings showed that the diversification strategy, capital structure and profitability in the companies accepted in the stock exchange has have a significant relationship. Also, the results of this study showed that diversification strategy has a significant effect on profitability.

Every company should think about producing new goods, the production of alternative goods is necessary in order to stabilize the level of sales or new sales; Customers also want new products, and if the company neglects to do so, competitors will certainly do so. Therefore, the present article seeks to provide a model appropriate to the conditions of gas refining companies for product development. In this study, the qualitative research method has been used as a grand theory; Using theoretical sampling and theoretical saturation, 20 experts of gas refining companies (Parsian, South Pars, Fajr Jam) were interviewed. Based on the basic theory, the data were analyzed in three stages of coding (open, axial and selective) using MAXQDA software. In the open coding phase, the data were labeled conceptually and then those that were common to each other were named into a category; the obtained categories were 43 categories. In the central coding stage, logical relationships were found between the categories and the obtained categories were included in the open coding under more general categories; finally, in the selective coding stage, all categories were summarized in one main category. The main category of the research was named "Interfering factors in new product development". The final result of this research, according to the researcher's attention and reflection on the details of the process of each of the three refining companies, is to provide an existing common model for all three companies and also to provide a common desired model for all three companies. In the open coding phase, the data was labeled conceptually and then those that were common to each other were named into a category; The obtained categories were 43 categories. In the central coding stage, logical relationships were found between the categories and the obtained categories were included in the open coding under more general categories; Finally, in the selective coding stage, all categories were summarized in one main category. The main category of the research was named "Interfering factors in new product development". The final result of this research, according to the researcher's attention and reflection on the details of the process of each of the three refining companies studied, providing a common model for all three companies and also providing a common model for all three companies.

There is a degree of ambiguity, contradiction and complexity in the management capability and knowledge achievements of the organization, which needs to be designed and presented in a conceptual framework in a simple framework in order to reduce uncertainty in the management of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic perspective on the knowledge-centered organization, continuity of survival and avoidance of organizational decline and on the other hand to create an understanding of the relationship between knowledge-based management and life and organizational decline in five organizations integrating in the banking industry . In this study, data were collected using a questionnaire from 150 managers, experts of five banks and financial and credit institutions (about to merge). In this study, two issues have been examined; First, using the method of performance importance analysis, the position of organizations in the two areas of knowledge-oriented and capital-based were examined. Two banks are in the position of innovative organization and two other banks are in the area of illusion, and one bank is on the border of excellence and illusion. Finally, with the structural modeling method based on the partial least squares approach, the interrelationship between knowledge-based leadership with innovation, excellence, illusion control and organizational decline of the defined hypotheses have been tested that these variables reinforce each other. And the effect of independent variables on dependent variables is strong.

Due to the global competitive environment in the mobile app market, traditional problem-solving methods in examining the problem of accepting stores offering these digital products have ignored the important role of human factors and therefore this weakness necessitates research on relevant policies by governing bodies from another perspective based on a soft systems thinking approach. This problem has structural complexities, and many stakeholders have different views on it. Therefore, using the methodological approach of soft systems can be a solution for this purpose. This research was applied, exploratory, and qualitative, and the statistical population consisted of 10 experts in the telecom industry, whose selection was made by purposeful judgment. Data collection tools were conducted in in-depth semi-structured interviews. The research findings lead to a conceptual and structured model for improving change, learning and helping to improve macro policies in this area.

Supply chain integration represents the extent based on which a producer strategically cooperates with its supply chain partners and collaboratively manages inter-organizational and intra-organizational processes. The current research has been conducted to examine the effect of supply chain integration on operational efficiency and value creation. In order to do this, Annan’s et al. (2016) standard questionnaire was used to measure the research variables. The research method was descriptive correlational. In order to answer the research questions and investigate the research hypotheses, structural equations and path analysis by means of the partial least squares method (PLS) were used with Smart-PLS software. The obtained results indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the inter-firm networking resources and dysfunctional competitions on the supply-chain integration. The results also approve the positive and significant effect of supply chain integration on customer value creation and the company’s operational efficiency.

According to published reports on the level of internalization of commercial vehicles, it shows that most carmakers pursue a minimal domestic manufacturing policy and less have a policy of increasing domestic manufacturing on their agenda. The most important research gaps are need to study R&D activities in the form of a dynamic system in the automotive industry based on the three variables of supply network capabilities, product innovation and process. The purpose of this study is to provide a dynamic model to investigate the behavior of a commercial vehicle R&D system. The present study is applied in terms of purpose. The basis of the system analysis is previous research as well as information obtained from interviews with automotive industry experts. For this purpose, first the variables affecting the cycle of R&D activities are studied and modeling is presented using the dynamics approach. Also, various policies on the performance of the development research cycle based on the time of knowledge acquisition and product introduction have been simulated and analyzed. The results of system performance simulation show that the weak share of research and development budget along with low and limited market share and lack of proper investment makes the research and development capability at an unfavorable level during the next 10 years. Therefore, it is suggested that the necessary measures in this regard be taken in the fields of product sales marketing along with appropriate investment in research and development.

The current article examines the trends and performance of research on the types of effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and the different management strategies of perishable goods supply chain disruptions during 2 years (2020-2022) using bibliometric and network analysis based on the data set from the Scopus database using VOSviewer software. The analysis designates that Kumar A. has been the most influential author in perishable goods supply chain research during the COVID-19 pandemic, and India has contributed the most in this field. The most repeated keywords were resilience, food supply, and perishable food supply chain. Citation analysis indicated that resilience and sustainability are the mainstream of research in articles with high citations. The network analysis also disclosed that resilience and sustainability are the key themes in the clusters. Furthermore, strategies for managing disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic were extracted from the highly-cited articles, which are presented in this article.