Journal of System Management(JSM)

Education systems in the world are enduring COVID-19 induced perturbations and consequences. Given the growing use of E-learning during COVID-19 epidemic and expansion of Internet-based infrastructure, the need for a resilient approach to e-learning systems is deeply felt. This paper aims to address the issue of how to provide a model for evaluating the resilience of E-learning in Iranian virtual universities during the outbreak of coronavirus employing an Adaptive Neuro-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). In the present paper, 5 substantial factors including individual, assessment and support, content, agility, and technology were identified as inputs, and e-learning resilience was considered as single output. Moreover, ANFIS was employed to model the resilience of E-learning systems. Findings revealed almost medium to low degree of resilience for the e-learning system established in Iran’s virtual university. Statistical analysis demonstrated that there was no meaningful difference between experts’ opinions and our proposed procedure for E-learning resilience measurement. The proposed model showed significant sensitivity to changes in agility. Therefore, agility should be considered as the first priority in achieving the desired level of resilience for the e-learning systems of the Iranian virtual university.

Today, one of the most important concerns of organizations is to face changing environments in valuing their products. Therefore, manufacturers show different behaviors in the face of uncertainty about the future price of their products. Therefore, in the present study, the researcher, using the data theorizing method of the Foundation, seeks to provide a strategic pricing model for industrial products with the FABC approach. Based on theoretical sampling and snowball sampling method, after collecting data through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 16 university experts and steel industry experts, the text of the interviews was initially coded and extracted. Concepts of designing and explaining the strategic pricing model of products in industrial tools were analyzed by research data and categories. Findings show that considering the causal, contextual and intervening factors affecting the pricing of industrial products with a fuzzy activity based costing approach, the adoption of proposed strategies in the resulting model leads to increased productivity and power Competitive manufacturing companies.

Competency management and development are vital tools to increase competition in organizations and the goal of the competency-based approach is to "determine the competencies needed by top people in key positions across the organization, efforts to close competency gaps through effective selection and training and ensuring that good performance is recognized and rewarded." Now, considering the increasing role of state banks as the most important financial and economic institution in the construction of the country, the present study seeks to provide an intellectual capital model with a competency approach of managers in state banks and intends to enumerate the dimensions of the main and important competencies of the managers of state- banks to help senior executives of state banks identify the right people, with the advent of the information technology revolution, the global economic paradigm changed dramatically after the 1990s. In today's economy, knowledge, as the most important asset, has replaced financial and physical capital. Intellectual assets are non-competitive assets. Unlike physical assets that can only be used to do a particular task at a particular time, intellectual assets can be used simultaneously for several specific purposes. This ability is one of the most important criteria for the superiority of intellectual assets over physical assets. This research seeks to provide an intellectual capital model with a competency approach of managers in state banks. Based on the findings, intellectual capital can be influenced by the factors of customer capital, social capital, structural and human capital, knowledge capital, foreign capital, domestic capital, spiritual capital, technical capital and communication capital. The components and indicators related to each of the mentioned dimensions have been discussed separately in the previous pages. Based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with experts, it can be concluded that: human capital, structural capital and social capital as the first to third priorities are the dimensions of the intellectual capital model of state-owned banks with the competency approach of managers.

The purpose of this study is to present a gray marketing model using the role of influencers in social media. This research has been collected in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection method, quantitative-qualitative, it means using a questionnaire and interview. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experienced professors. The reliability of the questionnaire was also assessed using Cronbach's alpha method. The statistical population of the study consists of two sections: food consumers and faculty members, experts who had the most information in the field of gray marketing and the role of  virtual influencers. 384 were selected from the first population after determining the sample size using Cochran's formula. From the second community, 14 people were selected and their opinions were qualitatively analyzed. In quantitative data analysis, the structural equation approach was used and in qualitative data analysis, Grounded theory approach method and in-depth interview were used. Findings of this study were extracted in the qualitative part of the variables of causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors, and outcomes and the findings of the quantitative section showed that the coefficient of variable path of parallel factors and parallel imports is 0.906 and also t-statistic is 11.328 and the coefficient of variable path of parallel factors and parallel imports is 0.992 and t-statistic is 13.476. The coefficient of variable path of interfering factors and parallel import is 0.591 and t-statistic is 8.017. Also, the coefficient of the variable of consequences and parallel imports is 0.755 and also the t-statistic is 9.705. Finally, the variable path coefficient of strategies and parallel imports is 0.673 and the t-statistic is 8.627.

There is a degree of ambiguity, contradiction and complexity in the management capability and knowledge achievements of the organization, which needs to be designed and presented in a conceptual framework in a simple framework in order to reduce uncertainty in the management of the organization. The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic perspective on the knowledge-centered organization, continuity of survival and avoidance of organizational decline and on the other hand to create an understanding of the relationship between knowledge-based management and life and organizational decline in five organizations integrating in the banking industry . In this study, data were collected using a questionnaire from 150 managers, experts of five banks and financial and credit institutions (about to merge). In this study, two issues have been examined; First, using the method of performance importance analysis, the position of organizations in the two areas of knowledge-oriented and capital-based were examined. Two banks are in the position of innovative organization and two other banks are in the area of illusion, and one bank is on the border of excellence and illusion. Finally, with the structural modeling method based on the partial least squares approach, the interrelationship between knowledge-based leadership with innovation, excellence, illusion control and organizational decline of the defined hypotheses have been tested that these variables reinforce each other. And the effect of independent variables on dependent variables is strong.

The purpose of this study is to design a strategic model for international marketing of Iranian handmade carpets - a combined approach. The present study, in terms of its basic applied purpose, in terms of nature, survey research and in terms of paradigm, combined-exploratory research, sampling in the qualitative part of the research was done purposefully and in the quantitative part was done by simple random sampling. In the qualitative stage with 12 experts, who were mainly academic experts in the field of international marketing and senior managers of companies exporting Iranian handmade carpets, the interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved, and the sample of the quantitative section consisted of 196 people selected according to the Cochran's formula and the research tool in the qualitative section has been identified using the exploratory method of strategic components of international marketing of Iranian handmade carpets and the factors affecting it and in a small part it was evaluated through descriptive-survey research. The sampling method in the qualitative part was purposeful and in the quantitative part was simple random. The research tool in the qualitative part of exploratory interview was semi-structured and in a small part, for the strategic evaluation of international marketing of Iranian handmade carpets, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, which was designed based on the themes obtained in the qualitative stage. In the qualitative part, the analysis of the interviews was performed using the content analysis method. The validity and reliability of the components were examined and Cronbach's alpha of all the above components was 0.7 and during it; the most important basic, organizing and comprehensive themes on the components of the factors affecting the international marketing strategy of Iranian handmade carpets were assessed. Quantitatively, through structural equation methods, the accuracy of the research model was confirmed and it turned out that the selection of concepts, dimensions and indicators had a high accuracy in the handmade carpet industry and it can provide a suitable framework for compiling a vision document for the handmade carpet industry.

Textiles as a forerunner in the industrialization of many current developed countries to the post-industrial stage has fundamental role. Due to the occurrence of many problems in the Iranian textile industry, this industry has faced many hardships. The objective of this article is to develop an evaluation model for sustainable technology in the textile industry. The present research method is applied, in terms of (quantitative-qualitative) mix method. The qualitative sector is consists of the statistical population of elite in the textile industry, which semi-structured interviews were carried out with 10 experts in the textile industry. Their ideas were refined in two stages using the Fuzzy Delphi method and according to the library studies and expert ideas, the evaluating components of technology were identified and a researcher-made questionnaire was developed in the Likert spectrum. Its validity was measured using confirmatory factor analysis and reliability with combined method. The quantitative sector is consist of the statistical population includes all engineers, managers and university professors of the textile industry, of which 200 people were randomly selected as the sample size. Based on the results of the qualitative and quantitative sectors, the technology evaluating model has been drawn including 10 dimensions of economic, cultural, environmental, marketing, legal, organizational, political, technical, managerial and marketing. Obstacles and influential factors in evaluating technology are stated here with their consequences.

The electricity industry is one of the most important and vital development of countries, as the electricity access index is one of the main components of assessing the degree of industrial competitiveness. In Iran, the electricity industry has a relatively long history and more than a century and now with a production capacity of about 80,000 MW and with the support of more than a thousand large, medium and small enterprises and localization of equipment and technical and engineering services, it is one of the leading industries in the country. According to this issue, the purpose of this study is to determine and model the factors affecting the promotion of customer satisfaction of electricity distribution companies. The method of the present study is a special type of qualitative research tradition called data theory. The sample size is determined based on the theoretical adequacy method and includes 16 expert managers of power distribution companies in 9 provinces of the country who have been selected based on the selection method and snowball, data collection tools are text, first a set of primary topics was collected during the coding process and categories were extracted from their entrails. Then, in the axial coding stage, the link between these categories was shown in the form of a coding paradigm.

The purpose of this study was to design and fit an e-commerce implementation model in knowledge-based companies active in the field of information and communication technology in Tehran province. In this research, the research policy of data foundation theory was used. The statistical population of the qualitative section consists of experts familiar with the subject of research (university professors and experts in the field of study). In order to determine the sample size, a purposeful method was used and until the new concepts were not enumerated, the interview process continued until the 15th person. The statistical population of a small part is all employees of knowledge-based companies active in the field of information and communication technology in Tehran that according to surveys, approximately 21,000 people work in these companies which 378 people were selected as the sample size by racemose or random classification and Morgan table. In this research, two questionnaires have been used to collect the data needed to measure the studied variables. Experts' opinions were used to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha reliability of 0.87 was obtained. To analyze the data, the grounded theory approach and structural equations have been used and the software is PLS. Findings showed that 81 sub-components constitute the dimensions of the model and the results of model fit also showed that the research model is valid for implementation and according to the analysis, it was found that at the 95% confidence level, all paths are significant, and as a result, the six main dimensions and subcomponents related to the model are approved.

Due to their inherent nature in the economy, banks have a fundamental and significant responsibility for capital formation. Therefore, evaluating their performance can help decision makers find the optimal solution and prevent financial distress. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance and forecast financial distress of banks listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, based on CAMELS indicators and ِ Data Envelopment Analysis model.  First, using the data of 17 banks in the fiscal year 2018, 5 levels of determining the health of banks, in the form of differences between the performance of these banks in terms of capital adequacy, quality of assets, quality of management, Earning and liquidity and  sensitivity to market risk, It was found. And the studied banks were divided into two groups: healthy and helpless, based on CAMELS indices. Then, according to the effects of financial distress on banks, financial distress was predicted by Data Envelopment Analysis model slacks-based on measure of efficiency (SBM) and with a different approach. The results show that 61% of the predictions were correct by DEA technique and 39% of them were incorrect. Also, the results of this study showed that CAMELS financial ratios can be a good assessor for banks' financial distress.

The purpose of this study is to propose the model of designing a customer experience management model in the field of car relief services. In this study, the researcher used a mixed method. In this research, the researcher has used a combined approach. For this purpose, in the first study, to identify the components of customer experience management components from Grounded Theory approach, and in the second study, the model test was used using quantitative method. Protocol and in-depth interview with twenty senior managers were the first tools for gathering data, and in a quantitative method, required data were collected from 330 customers of Iran Khodro and analyzed by PLS software. The researcher conducted 20 interviews, theoretically saturated, and finally extracted 152 open source codes. Based on the theoretical literature, the researcher conducted axial and selective coding and presented the results in six main dimensions and thirty-three sub dimensions. The researcher includes six main dimensions brand satisfaction, customer experience, brand dependence, strategy, brand trust, customer support of the purchase and thirty-two sub-dimensions. The results also showed that customers' mental conflict in products with high and low involvment conflict leads to trust and loyalty to the brand, because loyalty to the brand is emotional and cognitive in nature

The present study aimed to identify the indicators and components of knowledge capital and human resource strategies in the Iranian higher education system. Participants in the present study were managers and deputies of human resources in the higher education system and university professors. Sampling was performed in a purposeful and theoretical manner. Theoretical saturation of the samples was obtained after interviewing 10 people. The number of samples was not determined before performing the study and the sampling process continued until some kind of information saturation was obtained, i.e. no new information was extracted from the data during the interview. The instrument of the present study was semi-structured interviews whose validity and reliability were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha test. Three coding steps were used to analyze the data. Using open coding, model categories were identified. Then, in the axial coding stage, the link between these categories was determined in the form of a coding paradigm. In the selective coding process, the conceptual model was determined in the form of three dimensions and including 14 components as follows: knowledge process capability (knowledge application, knowledge transfer, knowledge integration, knowledge production), human resource strategies (recruitment, human resource development, employee performance, service compensation, working relations), and knowledge capital (human capital, structural capital, innovative capital, social capital, and process capital) were identified. According to the findings of this study, suggestions are presented so that the officials, decision-makers, and educational planners in the higher education system be familiar with the dimensions, components, and mechanisms of knowledge acquisition and human resource strategies in the higher education system and take necessary executive measures while planning and making the necessary policies.

The purpose of this research is to design a model for the development of optimization of gasoline production in the oil refinery. The research method is experimental, which uses nonlinear programming. The statistical population is the set of sections and pressures of steam, benzene, octane in four different time periods for the production of gasoline products in accordance with the standards of the National Petroleum Products Distribution Company. Version 24.1.2 resolved. The results of determining the amount of slices for mixing in two time periods, the amount of steam pressure, octane and benzene to produce the final gasoline product for each of the nine slices in each time period are shown.. An increase in the amount of benzene in the gasoline product than the standard level causes an increase in the amount of air pollution. On the other hand, reducing the octane number will increase the knocking of car engines and will lead to a decrease in engine efficiency. Exceeding the standard gasoline steam pressure reduces the volume of gasoline consumed by customers and as a result creates customer dissatisfaction.

The purpose of the current study is to validate the pattern of brand marketing efforts on social media with customers in the dermo-cosmetic industry.In terms of method and time frame of data collection this study is considered cross-sectional research. The statistical population involved the dermoc-osmetics industry clients of Serita brand. The sample size was 384 people and the employed sampling method was simple randomization method. To validate the pattern of brand marketing efforts on social media, the researcher made use of the partial least squares method alongside with Smart PLS software. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that was validated by structural validity, convergent validity and divergent validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was judged by employing Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability. The outcome indicated that the creating informative content and social content are considered to be the fundamental factors of the model that affects client trust. Client confidence brings about. Client engagement and encourages attractive page design. Accordingly, interacting with clients and designing attractive pages touches word-of-mouth advertising and eventually leads to the efficacy of social marketing efforts.

Today, due to the globalization of organizations and product diversity, product sales competition has become more important in the marketing of fast-moving consumer goods. Different strategies can be used to differentiate goods in retail stores. The importance of retailers of fast-moving consumer goods and its effect on consumer behavior prompted the researcher to investigate this issue. It should be noted that due to the prevailing culture in Iran (unlike abroad), Iranian retailers take responsibility for marketing their goods in stores. As a result, designing a marketing pattern for retailers of fast-moving consumer goods can have a significant effect on the prosperity of this market segment. In this research, through qualitative research method and interview, we designed the marketing model of retailers of fast-moving consumer goods and its effect on consumer behavior. First, by reviewing the theoretical literature and using the content analysis method from two ways, manually and using Max QDE software to the four main themes "Consumer factors in marketing, marketer tasks, store management and behavior "Consumer" achieved and the marketing model of retailers of fast-moving consumer goods and its effect on consumer behavior was designed based on theoretical studies and interviews with 10 retailers. Finally, suggestions were made to reduce the gap and achieve the desired situation.