اولویت بندی پارامترهای کلیدی موثر در مبارزه با فساد در دولت الکترونیک ایران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
آمارهای سازمان شفافیت بین الملل درباره شاخص ادراک فساد در سال های اخیر نشان دهنده وضعیت ناخوشایند رتبه عمومی کشور در این حوزه می باشد. عدم یکپارچگی بین سازمانی و از دست رفتن بخش عمده ای از پروژه های این حوزه طی حملات باج افزاری اخیر به دلیل نداشتن نقشه راه جامع سبب شده است تا حد زیادی جایگاه فناوری اطلاعات در این حوزه در کشور کتمان گردد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف توسعه مدل دولت الکترونیک با تمرکز بر مقابله با فساد در ایران با رویکرد اولویت بندی پارامترهای کلیدی موثر در مبارزه با فساد در راستای شکل گیری ساختار جامع دولت الکترونیک انجام گرفته است. پژوهش برمبنای هدف، کاربردی-توسعه ای، برمبنای روش از نوع آمیخته متوالی- اکتشافی و از نظر مسئله پژوهشی، توصیفی- همبستگی است. جامعه آماری در بخش کیفی، خبرگان در زمینه دولت الکترونیک و رفتار سازمانی و در بخش کمی، کارمندان بازرسی و نظارت، حراست و مدیران اجرایی دستگاه های اجرایی منتخب و تعدادی از اساتید حاذق دانشگاه است. روش نمونه گیری در مرحله کیفی، قضاوتی و در مرحله کمی، خوشه ای است. ابزار جمع آوری داده در مرحله کیفی، مصاحبه و در مرحله کمی، پرسشنامه با سؤالات بسته می باشد. به منظور تحلیل داده ها در بخش کیفی، از روش تحلیل تم و در مرحله دوم از روش دلفی فازی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان داد که فناوری اطلاعات و دسترسی به شبکه، قوانین و مقررات ، خدمات و سرمایه انسانی ضمن اثرگذاری بر کاهش فساد، اولویت های کلیدی را در ساختار دولت الکترونیک شکل می دهند. لذا دولت الکترونیک عاملی اثرگذار بر کاهش فساد است و این امر زمانی محقق می شود که اجزای دولت الکترونیک به درستی مورد توجه قرار گیرند.E- Governance Development Model Towards Anti-Corruption in Iran
Extended The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) published by Transparency International over recent years sheds light on Iran's unfavorable ranking. The present research develops an Electronic government (e-Government) model that emphasizes countering corruption in Iran. It prioritizes the critical parameters in countering corruption to establish the comprehensive structure of e-Government. Thus, this study is developmental and applied in terms of its goals. It draws on the Exploratory sequential mixed methodology and follows a descriptive correlational research design. The statistical population in the qualitative section consists of experts, whereas the quantitative part studies the relevant staff and university professors. The qualitative phase relies on judgment sampling, with the quantitative phase utilizing cluster sampling and semi-structured interviews. The quantitative and fuzzy Delphi phase employs questionnaires with closed-ended questions. Reliability was calculated through the retest reliability method and was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Theme analysis and the Fuzzy Delphi method were used to analyze the data. Findings suggest that Information Technology (IT), network accessibility, regulations, C2G, B2G, and G2G services, and human capital constitute critical priorities in establishing an e-Government to counter corruption. Introduction One of the important factors that can prevent the efforts of the government from achieving its goals is corruption. Corruption is an act that ignores the public interest in favor of some special interests (Arayankalam et al., 2021). Transparency International's 2021 report on the Corruption Perceptions Index indicates that Iran's ranking has dropped by one step and ranked 150 out of 180 countries under review, and this is the result of the influence of corruption in the governing body, which weakens the effectiveness of the legislative, executive and judicial branches. has made it necessary to deal with this social problem as a result. E-government refers to the use of information and communication technology (ICT) and the Internet to increase access and provide all aspects of government services and operations for the benefit of citizens, businesses, employees and other stakeholders and is widely recognized in the fight against corruption. (Nam, 2018;). However, there is considerable ambiguity in existing research on the impact of e-government on corruption . Materials and Methods This research is based on the objective, applied-developmental, based on method of mixed type (quantitative-qualitative), sequential-exploratory, and in terms of the data analysis method, descriptive-correlation. In the qualitative part, the statistical community is organizational and academic experts in the field of E-government and organizational behavior, and in the quantitative part, it is the relevant employees and some university professors. Sampling in the qualitative stage was by judgmental method and 9 organizational experts and 4 academic experts were selected in the quantitative stage 60 people were selected by cluster method and according to Karjesi and Morgan table. The method of collecting theoretical data is archival and field statistical data. The qualitative data collection tool (theme analysis stage) was a semi-structured interview and the Fuzzy and quantitative Delphi stage was a questionnaire with closed questions. The validity of the qualitative data measurement tool was checked by the Newman validation method and the validity of the quantitative data was checked by the form and construct validity method and confirmed. To calculate the reliability of the qualitative part, the retest reliability method was used to measure the reliability in the quantitative part, the Alpha Cronbach coefficient was used and confirmed. To analyze the data in the qualitative part, the theme analysis method was used and in the second stage, the Fuzzy Delphi method was used. Quantitative part data was also analyzed by structural equation modeling method with the help of Smart PLS3 software . Discussion and Results Theme analysis method was used to identify the indicators, components, factors affecting the reduction of corruption, and G2B, G2C, G2G services, human resources training, network access, information technology infrastructure, organizational rules, general rules and work process were included as independent variables. were examined and the significant coefficients of all 9 parameters were extracted above 2.58. To check the quality of the structural model in general, the GOF index was used and the value of 0.5325 was obtained, which confirms the appropriate quality of the qualitative model. The current research was conducted to developing the E-government model for anti-corruption in Iran. The results showed that the model includes service components, communication infrastructure and access to the network, laws and regulations, and human capital, while the coefficients of the result were significant at 99.9%.
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