نگاهی دیگر به مثنوی دولرانی خضرخان امیرخسرو دهلوی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مثنوی بزمی تاریخی دولرانی خضرخان روایتگر عشق شاهزاده خضرخان، پسر سلطان علاءالدین محمد خلجی، و دیولدی، دختر راجه گجرات، است. این منظومه از آثار دهه پایانی عمر امیرخسرو دهلوی است که بخش نخست آن را به درخواست شاهزاده خلجی در سال 715 ق. سرود؛ در فاصله میان سال های 720 و 721 ق. تکمله ای مشتمل بر 319 بیت بدان افزود و در آن به ماجرای قتل خضرخان و برادرانش پرداخت. این منظومه که از برجسته ترین آثار امیرخسرو است، بیش از هر اثر دیگری چهره واقعی او و اندیشه هایش را به ما نشان می دهد. شروع منظومه در زمان حیات علاءالدین خلجی و پایان آن در زمانه ای است که دیگر نه خضرخان زنده است و نه سلسله خلجیان وجود دارد. زبان شاعر در این مثنوی پخته، ساده و دلنشین و بدون محافظه کاری های مرسوم است. بسیاری ترکیبات بدیع و تصویرسازی های ساده و در عین حال ماهرانه، سرعنوان های خسروانه و پیروی از سنت ده نامه نویسی به شیوه ای تازه تأمل برانگیز است. هیچ یک از مثنوی های تاریخی خسرو به اندازه منظومه دولرانی، نام های خاص ندارد؛ این اثر دربردارنده اطلاعات فراوان تاریخی، فرهنگی، سیاسی، جغرافیایی، اجتماعی، ازجمله تاریخ پادشاهان هند، روش حکمرانی خلجیان، مناسبات درباری، انتخاب ولیعهد، کیفیت جهیز عروس، اسامی افراد، اماکن، جایگاه ها و مقام های درباری و دیوانی، و مانند آن است و تنها اثر امیرخسرو است که نسخه ای متعلق به زمان حیات شاعر دارد که با شماره 178 در کتابخانه ارگ جمهوری افغانستان نگهداری می شود. از دیگر ویژگی های منظومه روشن کردن زوایای تازه ای از زندگی و اندیشه های شاعر، همچنین ذکر نام فرزندش، عین الدین مبارک و ماجرای رهایی شاعر از دست مغول است.A Different Attitude toward Amir Khusraw Dihlav’s Dowalrānī Xeżerkhān
Abstract Dowalrānī Xezerkhān tells the love story of Xezer (xażer) Khān, Ala-edin khalji’s son, and the princess of Gogojrāt named Dīveldī. This Masnavi written in the poet’s late life comprises two parts. The first part was written at the request of Xezer Khaan in 715/1315 and the second part, including 319 extra verses about murders of Khalji's prince and his brothers, was appended between 720 & 721/1320 & 1321. The poetic language of this historical tragedy is mature, simple, pleasant, and free from conventional conservatism. Multiple literary compositions, simple but skillful illustrations, Amr Khusraw’s special subject headings, and new styles on writing Dah-Nameh are the most outstanding particularities of Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān. None of Amr Khusraw’s historical Masnavis have as much special names as Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān, including good historical, cultural, political, geographical, and social information about the history of the rulers of India, especially Khalji dynasty, their methods of government, political relations, prince's choice, royal wedding, names of people, places, and positions, and also government officials. Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān is the only work of Amr Khusraw, which has a version belonging to the poet's lifetime. This manuscript under the number 178 is preserved in Arg Library of the Republic of Afghanistan. Another feature of the book is illumination of the new aspects of Amr Khusraw’s life and thoughts, as well as mentioning of his son’s name, Ein-ud-dīn Mobārak, and the poet's story of desertion from Mongols. Introduction Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān tells the love story of Xezerkhān, Ala-edin khalji’s son, and a Rajput princess named Dīveldī. This Masnavi that was written in the poet’s late life is comprised of two parts. The first part was written at the request of Xezerkhān in 715/1315 and the second part, including 319 extra verses about the murders of Khalji's prince and his brothers, was appended between 720 & 721/1320 & 1321. This poem, which is one of the most prominent works of Amr Khusraw Dihlav, indicates his real life and thoughts more than his other works. This study aimed to probe such a neglected and valuable work as Amr Khusraw’s. Material & Methods By reading Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān and collecting the information mentioned in the book, such as special names, political relations, and dates, and studying the history of Khalji dynasty, the authors tried to present a relatively comprehensive description of historical, literary, cultural, and social values of the Masnavi. Discussion of Results & Conclusions Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān was the closest work to Amr Khusraw’s life and thoughts. A separate part of this Masnavi was allocated to celebrate the rulers of India, especially Khalji dynasty extending Islam. Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān contained special names of people, places, and positions, which were historically very important. This Masnavi was the only source of information about Xeżerkhān’s biography. Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān was full of multiple literary compositions, new expressions, and simple yet skillful illustrations. The verses contained historical, literary, cultural, and social information about Khalji’s dynasty; Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān illuminated new aspects of the name, life, and thoughts of Xezerkhaan’s son, who was held in captivity; Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān was the only work of Amr Khusraw, which had a version belonging to the poet's lifetime. Making use of new styles in writing Dah-Nameh and Barat al-Istehlall (a kind of stylistic device) had made Dowalrānī Kheżerkhān different from Amr Khusraw’s other works.
تبلیغات
